>Bender the Bot at 04:20, 20 February 2021

2021-02-20T04:20:20Z

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
'''Dabhade''' is a [[Maratha clan]] found largely in [[Maharashtra]], India. They were originally centered on [[Talegaon Dabhade]] (in present-day [[Maharashtra]]), but became the Maratha chiefs of [[Gujarat]]. A family belonging to the Dabhade clan held the hereditary title of ''senapati'' (commander-in-chief) and several [[jagir]]s in Gujarat until 1751. That year, [[Umabai Dabhade]] and her relatives were arrested for a rebellion against the [[Peshwa]], and were stripped of their titles.

== Rise to power ==

The Dabhade clan traces its ancestry to Bajajirao Dabhade. His son Yesajirao Dabhade was the personal bodyguard of the [[Maratha empire|Maratha]] king [[Shivaji]]. The family rose to prominence under his son [[Khanderao Dabhade]], a Maratha military leader.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 7|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V07_037.gif |year=1908 |publisher=Oxford at the Clarendon Press. |page=31|chapter=Baroda State: History}}</ref> He was conferred the title of "Sarsenapati" (commander-in-chief) on 11 January 1717 by Shivaji's grandson [[Chhattrapati Shahu]] of Satara. His younger son Shivaji Dabhade helped [[Rajaram Chhatrapati|Rajaram]] reach [[Gingee]] safely from the Mughals.

== Rebellion against Peshwa Baji Rao ==

The Dabhades carried out several raids in the rich province of [[Gujarat]], collecting ''[[chauth]]'' and ''[[sardeshmukhi]]'' taxes. When Chhattrapati Shahu's [[Peshwa]] (prime minister) [[Bajirao I|Baji Rao I]] decided to take over the tax collection in Gujarat, the Dabhades and other Maratha clans that had traditionally controlled Gujarat ([[Gaekwad dynasty|Gaekwad]] and Kadam Bande) rebelled against Shahu and Baji Rao. Baji Rao defeated them, and [[Trimbak Rao Dabhade]] was killed in a battle the Battle of Dabhoi on 1 April 1731.<ref name="SG_1993">{{cite book |author=Stewart Gordon |title=The Marathas 1600-1818 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C&pg=PA120 |year=1993 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-26883-7 |pages=120–131 }}</ref>

[[Umabai Dabhade]], the wife of Khanderao and mother of Trimbak Rao, became the [[matriarch]] of the family after their death. Chhatrapati Shahu granted all of Trimbak Rao's assets and titles (including ''senapati'') to his minor brother Yashwant Rao. The Peshwa allowed them to retain control of Gujarat, on the condition that they would remit half of the revenues to his treasury.<ref name="SG_1993"/> Since Yashwant Rao was a minor, Umabai exercised the executive power. Even as he grew up, he was addicted to alcohol and opium, and the Dabhades' lieutenant [[Damaji Rao Gaekwad]] gradually increased his power during this time.<ref name="CAKDBP_1918"/>

== Rebellion against Peshwa Balaji Rao ==

Umabai pretended reconciliation with Peshwa Baji Rao, but always maintained a grudge against him for killing her son. Under her, the Dabhades never actually remitted half of the revenues to Shahu's treasury, but Shahu did not want to take any extreme measures against a grieving widow and a mother who had lost her son. However, after Shahu's death in 1749, Peshwa [[Balaji Baji Rao]], who was facing an empty treasury, sought a share of revenues from the Dabhades.<ref name="CAKDBP_1918">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofmaratha03kincuoft#page/2/mode/2up/search/umabai |title=A History of the Maratha People Volume 3 |author=Charles Augustus Kincaid |author-link=Charles Augustus Kincaid |author2=Dattatray Balwant Parasnis|author2-link=Dattatray Balwant Parasnis |name-list-style=amp |year=1918 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |pages=2–10 }}</ref>

Umabai then joined [[Tarabai]] in a rebellion against the Peshwa. In November 1750, she dispatched 15,000 troops under Damaji Gaekwad to support Tarabai. Damaji was defeated by the Peshwa loyalists after a few initial successes. He remained in the Peshwa's captivity from May 1751 to March 1752.<ref name="CAKDBP_1918"/>

== Decline ==

Shortly after the Peshwa's arrest, Umabai, Yashwant Rao and their relatives were also arrested. The Dabhades were deprived of their [[jagir]]s as well as their hereditary title ''senapati''.<ref name="JLM_2005">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1wUgKKzawoC&pg=PA215 |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813 |author=Jaswant Lal Mehta |publisher=Sterling |year=2005 |isbn=9781932705546 |pages=213–216 }}</ref> In March 1752, Damaji Gaekwad agreed to Peshwa's demands, and abandoned the service of the Dabhades. Subsequently, the [[Gaekwad dynasty]] replaced the Dabhades as the Maratha chiefs of Gujarat. Gaekwad agreed to provide an annual maintenance expense to the Dabhades, but the latter lost all of their power and much of their wealth.<ref name="CAKDBP_1918"/>

Umabai died on 28 November 1753. After her death, Peshwa Balaji Rao took Yashwant Rao on his [[Carnatic region|Carnatic]] campaign. On the way, Yashwant Rao died of fatigue in [[Miraj]], on 18 May 1754.<ref name="CAKDBP_1918"/> The Dabhade family line was continued by Trimbak Rao Dabhade II, who controlled a small ''riyasat'' (estate).

The family was divided into the Senior Branch and Junior Branch in 1933. The descendants presently live in Talegaon Dabhade and Pune. Sardar Jayendraraje Sangramsinhraje Dabhade is the head of the senior branch since 1993 and Sardar Satyasheelraje Padmasenraje Dabhade is the head the junior branch since 2014.

==Notable members==

* [[Khanderao Dabhade]], Maratha military leader and Commander-in-Chief
* [[Trimbak Rao Dabhade]]
* [[Umabaisaheb Khanderao Dabhade]], wife of Khanderao; exercised executive powers while her minor son was the titular commander

==See also==
* [[Maratha clan system]]
* [[List of Maratha dynasties and states]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Surnames]]
[[Category:Maratha clans]]

Dabhade - Revision history

>Bender the Bot at 04:20, 20 February 2021