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{{short description|Traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = Sake
| name = Dean Mahomed
| image = [[File:Sake Dean Mahomed.jpg|x279px]]
| caption = Portrait by [[Thomas Mann Baynes]], {{circa|1810}}
| birth_name = Din Mahomed
| birth_place = [[Patna]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Company rule in India|British India]]
| birth_date = {{circa}} {{birth date|1759|5||df=y}}
| death_place = [[Brighton]], [[Sussex]], England
| other_names = {{Plainlist|
* Dean Mahomet
* Deane Mahomet
* Dean Mohammed
* Deen Mohammed
* Dr. Brighton"
}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1851|2|24|1759|5|df=y}}
| spouse = {{ubl|Jane Daly (m. 1786–1844)|Jane Jeffries (m. 1806–1850)}}
| notable_works = ''The Travels of Dean Mahomet'' (1794)
| children = 7
}}

'''Sake Dean Mahomed''' (1759–1851) was an Bengali traveller, surgeon, entrepreneur, and one of the most notable early non-European immigrants to the [[Western World]].{{sfn|Mahomet|1794| pp= 148–149, 155–156, 160}} Due to non-standard [[transliteration]], his name is often spelled in various ways. His high social status meant that he adopted the [[honorific]] "Sake" ([[Sheikh]]) meaning "venerable one".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> Mahomed introduced [[Indian cuisine]] and [[shampoo (massage)|shampoo]] baths to [[Europe]], where he offered therapeutic massage.{{efn|The word "shampoo" did not take on its modern meaning of washing the hair until the 1860s. See p. 197 in ''The travels of Dean Mahomet'', and "shampoo", v., entry, p. 167, ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', 2nd ed., vol. 15, {{ISBN|0-19-861227-3}}.}} He was also the first Indian to publish a [[Indian English literature|book in English]].{{sfn|Fisher|2000|p=}}<ref name="devdiscourse.com" />

==Early life==
{{quote box|width=25%|quote="so long as the Sepoy's maintain their formations, which they call 'lines,' they are like an immovable volcano spewing artillery and rifle fire like unrelenting hail on the enemy, and they are seldom defeated."|source={{harvnb|Mahomet|1794|p=}}
}}

Born in {{circa}} May 1759 in the city of [[Patna]], then part of the [[Bengal Presidency]] in [[British India]], he was from a [[Bengali Muslim]] family.{{sfn|Mahomet|1997}} He claimed to be related to the [[Nawabs of Bengal]], and that he had ancestors who worked in administrative service under the [[Mughal Emperors]].{{sfn|Das|2016|pp=199-211}} Sake Dean Mahomed grew up in Patna. His father served in the [[East India Company|East India Company's]] Bengal Army and died in battle when Mahomed was about 11 years old.{{sfn|Mahomet|1997}} Following his father's death, he was taken under the wing of Captain Godfrey Evan Baker, an [[Anglo-Irish]] [[Protestant]] officer. Mahomed served in the army of the East India Company as a trainee surgeon and against the [[Maratha Confederacy|Marathas]]. He remained with Captain Baker until 1782, when the Captain resigned. That same year, Mahomed also resigned from the Army, choosing to accompany Baker, 'his best friend', to Ireland.<ref name="tracingasianroots" />

==Adult life and family==
In 1784, Mahomed emigrated to [[Cork (city)|Cork]], Ireland, with the Baker family.<ref name="tracingasianroots" /> There he studied to improve his English language skills at a local school, and fell in love with Jane Daly, a "pretty Irish girl of respectable parentage". The Daly family was opposed to their relationship because it was illegal for Protestants to marry non-Protestants at the time, so the couple eloped to another town to get married.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/570791/sake-dean-mahomed-facts|title=5 Fast Facts About Sake Dean Mahomed|date=15 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="tracingasianroots" />{{sfn|Ansari|2004|p=58}} Mahomed and Daly were married in the [[Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross|Diocese of Cork & Ross in Cork]].<ref name="ancestrylibrary.com" />{{sfn|Mahomet|1997|loc=[https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft4h4nb20n&chunk.id=ch3&toc.depth=1&toc.id=ch3&brand=eschol Ch. 3 Dean Mahomet in Ireland and England (1784–1851)]}} They moved to 7 Little Ryder Street in [[London]], England, at the turn of the 19th century."{{sfn|Ansari|2004|p=57–58}}<ref name="ancestry.com1" /> In 1786, Mahomed converted from [[Islam]] to [[Christianity]].<ref>{{cite book|title=A New Imperial History: Culture, Identity and Modernity in Britain and the Empire, 1660-1840|first=Wilson|last=Kathleen|year= 2004| isbn= 9780521007962| page =96-97|publisher=Cambridge University Press|quote=Others , like Dean Mahomed , became Christian but retained an explicitly non-Christian name.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=India, Modernity and the Great Divergence: Mysore and Gujarat (17th to 19th C.)|first=Kaveh |last=Yazdani|year= 2017| isbn=9789004330795| page =72|publisher=BRILL|quote= Dean Mahomet (1759–1851), a Muslim who converted to Anglican Christianity.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History Volume 17. Britain, the Netherlands and Scandinavia (1800-1914)|first=John |last=A. Chesworth|year= 2020| isbn=9789004442399| page =91|publisher=BRILL|quote= He emigrated with Baker to the latter's hometown of Cork, Ireland, where he converted to Anglican Christianity.}}</ref>

According to leading scholars, and as indicated by parish records in London, Mahomed contracted a bigamous marriage in Marylebone in 1806 to Jane Jeffreys (1780-1850); the banns were read on 24 August for Jane and "William Mahomet."<ref name="p89/mry1/288" />{{sfn|Fisher|2014|p=128}} He had a daughter, Amelia (b. 1808) by her and is listed as the father "William Dean Mahomet" in the parish register.<ref name="tracingasianroots2" /><ref name="P89/MRY1/08" /> Amelia was baptised on 11 June 1809 at St Marylebone, Westminster, in London.<ref name="P89/MRY1/08" /> By his legal wife, Sake Dean Mahomed had seven children: Rosanna, Henry, Horatio, Frederick, Arthur,{{sfn|Ansari|2004|p=58}} and Dean Mahomed (baptised in the Roman Catholic church of St. Finbarr's, Cork, in 1791).<ref name="CR" />

His son, Frederick, was a proprietor of [[Turkish bath]]s at Brighton<ref name="RCP" /> and also ran a [[boxing]] and [[fencing]] academy near Brighton. His most famous grandson, [[Frederick Akbar Mahomed|Frederick Henry Horatio Akbar Mahomed]] (c. 1849–1884), became an internationally known physician{{sfn|Ansari|2004|p=58}} and worked at [[Guy's Hospital]] in London. He made important contributions to the study of [[Hypertension|high blood pressure]].{{sfn|O'Rourke|1992|pp=212–213}} Another of Sake Dean Mahomed's grandsons, Rev. James Keriman Mahomed, was appointed as the [[vicar]] of [[Hove]], Sussex, in the late 19th century.{{sfn|Ansari|2004|p=58}} James married [[Emma Black|Emma Louisa Black]], a flower painter whose work was displayed at the Royal Academy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> Together they had a son, [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] Captain Felix Wyatt. Felix was killed in action during the [[World War I|First World War]] after he was shot down whilst flying over France.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> During the war, [[Frederick Akbar Mahomed|Frederick]] and James' children changed their surnames from Mahomed to Deane and Wyatt, respectively, in order to avoid [[Xenophobia|xenophobic]] attention at a time when [[Racism|racial prejudice]] was rife and [[Interracial marriage|mixed marriages]] were disapproved of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cameron |first1=J. Stewart |last2=Hicks |first2=Jackie |last3=Carl |first3=Gottschalk |date=1996-05-01 |title=Frederick Akbar Mahomed and his role in the description of hypertension at Guy's Hospital |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253815595033 |journal=Kidney International |language=en |volume=49 |issue=5 |pages=1488–1506 |doi=10.1038/ki.1996.209 |pmid=8731118 |issn=0085-2538}}</ref>

==''The Travels of Dean Mahomet''==
[[File:The Travels Of Dean Mahomet.png|alt=1794 title page of Dean Mahomet's Travels|thumb|344x344px|1794 title page of Dean Mahomet's ''Travels'']]

On 15 January 1794, Mahomed published a book titled ''The Travels of Dean Mahomet''. The book is in [[Epistolary novel|epistolary]] form as was common for travel books and many novels in that era and consists of 38 letters.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fisher|first=Michael H.|date=1998|title=Representations of India, the English East India Company, and Self by an Eighteenth-Century Indian Emigrant to Britain|journal=Modern Asian Studies|volume=32|issue=4|pages=891–911|doi=10.1017/S0026749X9800314X|jstor=313054|s2cid=145623856 |issn=0026-749X}}</ref> The book begins with a brief introduction where he contrasts Ireland and India, writing that "the face of every thing about me [is] so contrasted to those ''striking scenes'' in India."{{sfn|Mahomet|1794|p=|loc=Letter I|ps=: when I first came to Ireland, I found the face of every thing about me so contrasted to those striking scenes in India}} and proceeds to give a sketch of his early years. He then describes his travels over the period 1770 to 1775 as a camp follower to the Bengal army as it moved around North East [[India]]. A series of military conflicts are described along with descriptions of some major cities, including [[Kolkata|Kolkata (Calcutta)]] and [[Varanasi|Varanasi (Benares)]]. This is accompanied by first hand accounts of Indian culture, trade, military conflicts, food, wildlife, etc.{{sfn|Mahomet|1794|p=}} The book concludes with a description of Mahomed's voyage to Britain where he arrived at [[Dartmouth, Devon|Dartmouth]] in September 1784. While Mahomed gives an insightful and sympathetic account of India and Indian customs, as Mona Narain points out this is done from an essentially European cultural perspective - he consistently uses the pronoun "we" to describe himself and Europeans, and does not in his writings seek to challenge poor governmental management within the East India Company.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Narain|first=Mona|date=2009|title=Dean Mahomet's "Travels", Border Crossings, and the Narrative of Alterity|journal=SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900|volume=49|issue=3|pages=693–716|jstor=40467318|issn=0039-3657}}</ref> The historian Michael Fisher, who published a biographical essay to accompany an edition of the book, suggested that some passages in the book were closely paraphrased from other travel narratives written in the late 18th century.<ref>Fisher 1998 p. 138-140.</ref>[[File:Travels_1794.jpg|thumb|1794 Frontispiece of Dean Mahomet's ''Travels'']]

==Restaurant venture==
[[File:Hindoostane Coffee House (7599806070).jpg|thumb|right|Plaque commemorating Mahomed's coffee house]]
In 1810, after moving to London, Sake Dean Mahomed opened the first [[Indian cuisine|Indian]] restaurant in England: the [[Hindoostanee Coffee House|Hindoostane Coffee House]] in George Street, near [[Portman Square]], [[Central London]].<ref name="BBC" /> The restaurant offered, among other items, [[hookah]] "with real [[Chillum (pipe)|chilm]] tobacco, and Indian dishes, ... allowed by the greatest epicures to be unequalled to any curries ever made in England."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Husainy |first=Abi |title=Dean Mahomed in London |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20131107154833/http://www.movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/asian/tracingasianroots/dean_mahomed2.htm}}</ref> The restaurant also provided a home delivery service.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> This venture came to an end in 1812 due to financial difficulties.<ref name="tracingasianroots2" />

==Introduction of shampooing to Europe==
Before opening his restaurant, Mahomed had worked in London for [[nabob]] [[Basil Cochrane]], who had installed a steam bath for public use in his house in [[Portman Square]] and promoted its medical benefits. Once again indicating his acceptance by the wealthy elite, Mahomed and his family lived alongside the rich and titled in Portman Square and Mahomed may have been responsible for introducing the practice of "champi" or "[[Shampoo#History|shampooing]]" (or Indian massage) there.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> In 1814, Mahomed and his family moved back to Brighton and opened the first commercial "shampooing" vapour masseur bath in England, "Mahomed's Baths", on the site now occupied by the Queen's Hotel. Located on the seafront, the luxurious bathhouse offered therapeutic baths and shampooing with Indian oils.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> He described the treatment in a local paper as "The Indian Medicated Vapour Bath (type of Turkish bath), a cure to many diseases and giving full relief when every thing fails; particularly Rheumatic and paralytic, gout, stiff joints, old sprains, lame legs, aches and pains in the joints".{{sfn|Teltscher|2000|pp=409-423}}
Jane Daly, Mahomed's wife, was also actively involved in the bathhouse business. Adverts suggested that, like her husband, Jane possessed "the art of shampooing" and that she superintended the Ladies Baths.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> The business was an immediate success and Dean Mahomed became known as "Dr. Brighton". Hospitals referred patients to him and he was appointed as shampooing surgeon to both King [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]] and [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]].{{sfn|Teltscher|2000|pp=409-423}} Due to a lack of capital, however, Mahomed's Baths was put up for auction in the late 1830s and Mahomed and his family were forced to relocate to more modest accommodation in Brighton.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Mahomed's Baths - Shampooing (1826) - BL.jpg|thumb|Mahomed's Baths, Brighton, 1826]]
[[File:Queens Hotel Blue Plaque.jpg|thumb|Blue plaque on the Queens Hotel, Brighton marking the location of the Indian Medicated Vapour Baths]]
The literary critic [[Muneeza Shamsie]] notes that Mahomed wrote two books connected to his burgeoning trade.{{sfn|Teltscher|2000|pp=409-423}} The first was ''Cases Cured by Sake Deen Mahomed, Shampooing Surgeon, and Inventor of the Indian Medicated Vapour and Sea-Water Bath'' (1820), while the second, ''Shampooing; or, benefits resulting from the use of the Indian medicated vapour bath,'' went through three editions ''(''1822, 1826, 1838) and was dedicated to King George IV.{{sfn|Mahomed|1838|p=iii}}{{sfn|Fisher|2014|p=128}} In this work, Mahomed speaks of the initial resistance to the idea of shampooing among the English he encountered in his new country: "It is not in the power of any individual to give unqualified satisfaction, or to attempt to establish a new opinion without the risk of incurring the ridicule, as well as censure, of some portion of mankind. So it was with me: in the face of indisputable evidence, I had to struggle with doubts and objections raised and circulated against my Bath, which, but for the repeated and numerous cures effected by it, would long since have shared the common fate of most innovations in science."{{sfn|Mahomed|1838|p=vii}}

==Death==
[[File:Monument To Sake Deen Mahomed, St Nicholas' Church, Dyke Road, Brighton (IoE Code 480506).JPG|thumb|right|Mahomed was buried at [[St Nicholas' Church, Brighton]].]]
Mahomed died on 24 February 1851 (aged 91–92) at 32 Grand Parade, Brighton. He was buried in a grave at [[St Nicholas' Church, Brighton|St Nicholas Church, Brighton]], in which his son Frederick was later interred. Frederick taught fencing, gymnastics and other activities in Brighton at a gymnasium he built on the town's Church Street.{{sfn|Collis|2010|p=187}}

==Recognition==
After his death in 1851, Sake Dean Mahomed, once so renowned in Ireland and Brighton's social scenes, had begun to lose prominence as a public figure and until the scholarly interventions of the last fifty years was largely forgotten by history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sake Dean Mahomed and Jane Daly |url=https://mixedmuseum.org.uk/amri-exhibition/sake-dean-mahomed-and-jane-daly/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Mixed Museum |language=en}}</ref> The modern renewal of interest in his writings developed after poet and scholar [[Alamgir Hashmi]] drew attention to this author in the 1970s and 1980s. [[Michael H. Fisher]] has written a book on Sheikh Dean Mahomet entitled ''The First Indian Author in English: Dean Mahomed in India, Ireland, and England'' (Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1996). Additionally, Rozina Visram's ''Ayahs, Lascars and Princes: The Story of Indians in Britain 1700–1947'' (1998) was highly influential in drawing public attention to Mahomed's life and work.<ref name="Zarr2018" />

Several commemorations of and tributes to Mahomed's legacy have taken place in the 21st century. On 29 September 2005 the [[City of Westminster]] unveiled a [[Blue plaque#London|Green Plaque]] commemorating the opening of the Hindoostane Coffee House.<ref name="BBC" /> The plaque is at 102 George Street, close to the original site of the coffee house at 34 George Street.<ref name="WGP" /> On 15 January 2019, Google recognised Sake Dean Mahomed with a [[Google Doodle]] on the main page.<ref name="google.com" />

==See also==
*[[Lascar]]

==Published works==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|last=Mahomet|first=Dean |title=The Travels of Dean Mahomet, a Native of Patna in Bengal, Through Several Parts of India, While in the Service of the Honourable the East India Company|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4iA9nQEACAAJ|year=1794|publisher=J. Connor|location=Cork|display-authors=0}}
* {{cite book|first1=Sake Deen|last1= Mahomet|editor-first=Michael Herbert |editor-last=Fisher|title=The Travels of Dean Mahomet: An Eighteenth-Century Journey Through India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8w4tr5NjSeYC|date= 1997|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-20717-2|display-authors=0}}
*{{cite book|last=Mahomed|first= Dean Sake|date=1823|title=Shampooing; or, benefits resulting from the use of the Indian medicated vapour bath|location= Brighton|publisher= Creasy & Baker|display-authors=0}}
*{{cite book|last=Mahomed|first=Deen |title=Shampooing; or, Benefits resulting from the use of the Indian medicated vapour bath|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_yhcDAAAAQAAJ|edition=3rd|year=1838|publisher=Wm. Fleet|location=Bath|display-authors=0}}
{{refend}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{notelist}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist|2|refs=
<ref name="devdiscourse.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/headlines/321783-sake-dean-mahomed-the-first-indian-to-publish-a-book-in-english|title=Sake Dean Mahomed, The first Indian to publish a book in English |website= Devdiscourse News|date=15 January 2019|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref>
<ref name="tracingasianroots">{{cite web|title=Dean Mahomed's Early Life in India|website=Moving Here: Tracing Your Roots|url=http://www.movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/asian/tracingasianroots/dean_mahomed.htm|access-date=10 January 2009|first=Abi |last=Husainy|date=6 November 2013}}</ref>
<ref name="tracingasianroots2">{{cite web|url=http://www.movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/asian/tracingasianroots/dean_mahomed2.htm|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20131107154833/http://www.movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/asian/tracingasianroots/dean_mahomed2.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 November 2013|title=Dean Mahomed in London|first=Abi|last=Husainy|website=Moving Here: Tracing Your Roots|access-date=15 January 2019|date=7 November 2013}}</ref>
<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |title=Curry house founder is honoured |date=29 September 2005|work=[[BBC News]] |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4290124.stm |access-date=9 October 2008}}</ref>
<ref name="RCP">{{cite web|title=Mahomed, Frederick Henry Horatio Akbar|publisher=[[Royal College of Physicians]]|url=http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/heritage/munksroll/munk_details.asp?ID=2909|access-date=10 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006144829/http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/heritage/munksroll/munk_details.asp?ID=2909|archive-date=2007-10-06|date=24 May 2005}}</ref>
<ref name="Zarr2018">{{cite web|last=Zarr|first= Gerald|title=The Shampooing Surgeon of Brighton|website= Aramco World|date=March 2018|url= https://www.aramcoworld.com/en-US/Articles/March-2018/The-Shampooing-Surgeon-of-Brighton}}</ref>
<ref name="WGP">{{cite web |url=https://www.westminster.gov.uk/sites/default/files/green_plaque_full_list.pdf |website=City of Westminster |title=Westminster Green Plaques |access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref>
<ref name="P89/MRY1/08">London Metropolitan Archives; London, England; Church of England Parish Registers, 1538-1812; Reference Number: P89/MRY1/084. Ancestry.com. London, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1538-1812 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Original data: Church of England Parish Registers, 1538-1812. London, England: London Metropolitan Archives.</ref>
<ref name="p89/mry1/288">London Metropolitan Archives; London, England; Reference Number: p89/mry1/288. Ancestry.com. London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, 1754-1932 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Church of England Parish Registers. London Metropolitan Archives, London.</ref>
<ref name="ancestry.com1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ancestry.com/inst/discoveries/PfRecord?emailId=N-1d18a2fe-6bdd-4850-b499-d05fca4de0ff&collectionId=61265&recordId=6829914&ahsht=2019-02-20T21:17:58&language=en-US&ahsh=8d6cedf75d169a46d008ed659c00cff6|website=ancestry.com|access-date=20 February 2019|title=London, England, City Directories, 1736-1943
}}</ref>
<ref name="ancestrylibrary.com">{{Cite web|url=https://search.ancestrylibrary.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?_phsrc=wBm3&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&qh=bcJLSMarDDJGnuN05Gpdew%3D%3D&gss=angs-g&new=1&rank=1&msT=1&gsfn=deane&gsfn_x=0&gsln=mahomet&gsln_x=0&msypn__ftp=Ireland&msypn=3250&catbucket=rstp&MSAV=0&uidh=5v6&pcat=ROOT_CATEGORY&h=24024&dbid=3876&indiv=1&ml_rpos=1|title=Irish Records Extraction Database|last=Platt|first=Lyman|date=1999|website=Ancestry.com}}</ref>
<ref name="CR">{{cite web|title=Dean Mahomed baptism|publisher=Irish Genealogy|url=http://churchrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/display-pdf.jsp?pdfName=cork%20%26%20ross.st.%20finbarr%27s%20sth%2C%20cork.p4778.00200|access-date=25 February 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="google.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/doodles/celebrating-sake-dean-mahomed|title=Celebrating Sake Dean Mahomed|website=google.com}}</ref>
}}

===Sources===

{{refbegin|2|indent=yes}}
*{{cite book|title=The Infidel Within: The History of Muslims in Britain, 1800 to the Present|first=Humayun|last=Ansari|year=2004|publisher=C. Hurst & Co. Publishers|isbn=978-1-85065-685-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Collis|first=Rose|others=(based on the original by Tim Carder)|title=The New Encyclopaedia of Brighton|edition=1st|year=2010|publisher=Brighton & Hove Libraries|location=Brighton|isbn=978-0-9564664-0-2}}
*{{cite journal |title=Life and Legacy of Sake Dean Mahomet: A Forgotten Enigma |journal=Communication Studies and Language Pedagogy |date=2016 |volume=2 |issue=1–2 |pages=199–211 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329567808|first=Alok|last=Das}}
*{{cite book|last=Fisher|first=Michael H. |title=The First Indian Author in English: Dean Mahomed (1759-1851) in India, Ireland, and England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YxgXAQAAIAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195638998 }}
*{{cite book|last=Fisher|first= Michael H. |chapter=South Asians in Britain up to the 1850s|title='Routledge Handbook of the South Asian Diaspora|editor1-first= Joya|editor1-last= Chatterji|editor2-first= David|editor2-last= Washbrook|publisher= Routledge|date= 2014}}
*{{cite journal|last=O'Rourke|first=Michael F.|title=Frederick Akbar Mahomed|journal=Hypertension|year=1992|volume=19|issue=2|pages=212–217 |doi=10.1161/01.hyp.19.2.212|pmid=1737655|doi-access=free}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/13698010020019226|title=The Shampooing Surgeon and the Persian Prince: Two Indians in Early Nineteenth-century Britain|first=Kate|last=Teltscher|journal=Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies|volume=2|issue=3|year=2000|pages=409–23|s2cid=161906676}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.google.com/doodles/celebrating-sake-dean-mahomed Celebrating Sake Dean Mahomed] at [[Google Doodle]]
* [http://www.escholarship.org/editions/view?docId=ft4h4nb20n&brand=eschol Web version of ''The Travels of Dean Mahomet'']
*[https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Mahomet%2C+Sake+Deen%2C+1759-1851.+nr+93023003%22 Works by or about Sake Dean Mahomed] at [[Internet Archive]]
*[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Mahomet,%20Sake%20Deen,%201759-1851.%22&type=author&inst= Works by or about Sake Dean Mahomed] at [[HathiTrust]]
* {{Open Plaques|3165|accessdate=19 January 2019}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050406214226/http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/beyond/factsheets/makhist/makhist7_prog9b.shtml "Making History – Sake Dean Mahomed – Regency 'Shampooing Surgeon'"], ''BBC – Beyond the Broadcast''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061004064424/http://www.black-history.org.uk/doctorbrighton.asp ''Black History in Brighton'']
* {{NPG name|id= 124029}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahomet, Dean}}
[[Category:1759 births]]
[[Category:1851 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:18th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:19th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:British Anglicans]]
[[Category:British former Muslims]]
[[Category:British Indian history]]
[[Category:British people of Bengali descent]]
[[Category:Converts to Anglicanism from Islam]]
[[Category:Indian Anglicans]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to England]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to Ireland]]
[[Category:Indian former Muslims]]
[[Category:Indian surgeons]]
[[Category:Indian travel writers]]
[[Category:Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Writers from Patna]]
[[Category:British East India Company Army officers]]

Dean Mahomed - Revision history

Bot at 12:54, 22 December 2022