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{{short description|Indian theatre actor, musician and vocalist (1900–1942)}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Deenanath Mangeshkar
| image = Dinanath Mangeshkar.jpg
| caption =
| alias = {{unbulleted list
|Pandit Deenanath Mangeshkar
|{{no wrap|Master Deenanath Mangeshkar}}
|Dinanath Mangeshkar
|Dina
}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1900|12|29}}
| birth_place = [[Mangeshi]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1942|04|24|1900|12|29}}
| death_place = [[Pune]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| instrument = [[Vocals]]
| genre = [[Indian classical music|Indian Classical]], Indian semi-classical, [[Sangeet Natak|Natya Sangeet]]
| occupation = Vocalist, Singer, Marathi film producer
}}
'''Deenanath Mangeshkar''' ({{IPA-mr|d̪iːnanaːt̪ʰ məŋɡeːʃkəɾ}}; 29 December 1900 – 24 April 1942) was a well-known [[Marathi theatre]] actor, a [[Natya Sangeet]] musician and a [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani classical]] vocalist. He is also the father of well-known singers [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Meena Khadikar]] and [[Usha Mangeshkar]] as well as composer [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar]].

==Background==
Pt. Deenanath Mangeshkar, popularly known as Dina, was born at [[Mangeshi village|Mangeshi]], Goa on 29 December 1900.<ref name=birth>{{cite book|last=Cabral e Sá|first=Mário|title=Wind of fire: the music and musicians of Goa|year=1997|publisher=Promilla & Co.|isbn=978-81-85002-19-4 |page=166}}</ref> His father, Ganesh Bhatt Bhikoba (Bhikambhatt) Navathe Hardikar (Abhisheki) was a married [[Karhade Brahmin]]<ref name="Bhimani" />{{rp|47}} who served as [[Hindu priest|priest]] at the famous [[Mangueshi Temple|Mangeshi Temple]] in Goa. His mother Yesubai Rane<ref name="Bhimani">{{cite book |author=Harish Bhimani |title=In search of Lata Mangeshkar |url=https://archive.org/details/insearchoflatama00bhim/page/214/mode/2up |year=1995 |publisher=Indus |isbn=978-81-7223-170-5 |page=214 |quote=My research ... revealed that, her paternal grandmother Yesubai Rane, who lived near the temple in a house called Chandramouli, and Lata's paternal grandfather Ganeshbhatt Bhikoba (Bhikambhatt) Abhisheki who was the head priest of the same temple were united according to the prevailing tradition of the times.}}</ref> was his father's [[Mistress (lover)|mistress]]<ref name=birth/> belonging to the [[Devadasi]] community<ref name="week"/> of Goa, which is now known as [[Gomantak Maratha Samaj]]. Born in [[Mangeshi village]], he later, in his teens, adopted the surname "Mangeshkar," which means "of Mangesh." Mangesh is also the name of the deity worshipped in the [[Mangueshi Temple|Mangeshi Temple]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Khandekar |first=Nivedita |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/other/mangesh-mangeshi-and-the-mangeshkars/ar-AATwjTs |title=Mangesh, Mangeshi and the Mangeshkars |publisher=MSN |work=IANS |date=6 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="week">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/leisure/society/2019/09/27/lata-mangeshkar-at-90-tracing-mangeshkar-lineage-to-western-ghats.html|title=Lata Mangeshkar@90: Tracing the Mangeshkar lineage to the Western Ghats |last=Lukose |first=Matthew |date=28 September 2019}}</ref>

As a ''[[Devadasi]]'', Yesubai was a reputed musician.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/how-lata-mangeshkar-drew-deeply-from-classical-music/article38407714.ece |title=How Lata Mangeshkar drew deeply from classical music |last=Ganesh |first=Deepa |work=The Hindu |date=12 February 2022}}</ref> Deenanath's father's surname was ''Hardikar'', whose family performed the [[Abhishekam]] ''(ritual bathing)'' of the [[lingam]] of [[Shiva]] at Mangueshi Temple, thus they were known as ''Abhisheki''s.<ref name="Bhimani" />{{rp|pages=47–48}}
The father of the [[Hindustani classical music|Indian vocalist]] [[Jitendra Abhisheki]] was Deenanath's half-brother.

==Career==
Deenanath Mangeshkar started taking singing and [[Indian classical music]] lessons from Shri Baba Mashelkar at the age of five. He was also to become a disciple at the [[Gwalior gharana]]. He was fascinated by the variety and aggressive style of [[Ramkrishnabuwa Vaze]] and became Vaze's ''gandabandh shagird'' (formally initiated disciple in Indian classical music). In his youth, he also travelled to [[Bikaner]] and took formal training in classical music from Pundit Sukhdev Prasad, father of Pundit [[Mani Prasad]], of the [[Kirana Gharana]]. He joined the Kirloskar Sangeet Mandali and the Kirloskar Natak Mandali at the age of 11. Later, he left Kirloskar Mandali, and formed Balwant Mandali with his friends [[Chintaman Ganesh Kolhatkar]] and Krishnarao Kolhapure. This new group had [[Ram Ganesh Gadkari]]'s blessing, but Gadkari died in January 1919 shortly after the group was formed.

Deenanath's good looks and melodious voice won him popularity in the Marathi theatre. So much so that the then giant of the [[Marathi language|Marathi]] stage, [[Bal Gandharva]] publicly declared that he would welcome the entry of Deenanath in his organisation "''by throwing a carpet of rupee coins under his feet''". He produced 3 films in 1935, one of them being ''Krishnarjun Yuddha''. It was made in both Hindi and Marathi, and a song in the film was sung by and filmed on Deenanath.

Mangeshkar had also studied [[Indian astrology]]. Partly out of his interest in astrology and numerology, he believed that dramas with 5 letters, with anuswar (diacritical) on the third letter, were lucky for him. Examples : Ranadundubhi (रणदुंदुभी), Rajsanyas (राजसंन्यास), Deshkantak (देशकंटक). The dramas produced by Deenanath were extremely popular amongst the masses due to his masterly presentation of the songs composed by Vaze and their patriotic content.

==Personal life==

===First marriage===
Deenanath's first wife was Narmada (later renamed "Shrimati" by her in-laws). She was the daughter of [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] Seth Haridas Ramdas Lad – a prosperous businessman of the town of [[Thalner]] (between [[Dhule]] and [[Jalgaon]] (Khandesh), [[Maharashtra]]. Deenanath and Narmada were married in 1922. Deenanath changed his wife's name to "Shrimati". She was 19 at the time and Deenanath was 21.

They had a daughter named Latika, who died in her infancy. Deenanath's wife died shortly thereafter.

===Second marriage===

Deenanath's second wife was his first wife's sister. Her name was Shevanti. Some sources claim that Deenanath renamed his second wife "Shrimati" as well, however it is widely agreed that in reality, he renamed her "Sudhamati".

The marriage of Deenanath and Shevanti was solemnised at a quiet ceremony within the house in 1927. Shevanti's mother chose not to attend.

Deenanath and his second wife had five children: [[Lata Mangeshkar|Lata]], [[Meena Mangeshkar|Meena]], [[Asha Bhosle|Asha]], [[Usha Mangeshkar|Usha]], and [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar|Hridaynath]].

Their first child was named Hema. But Deenanath called her Lata in memory of his deceased daughter. The name stuck and it was by that name that his legendary eldest daughter, [[Lata Mangeshkar]], was widely known.

==Death==
[[File:Deenanath Mangeshkar 1993 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Mangeshkar on a 1993 stamp of India]]
Deenanath took to alcohol during the days of financial hardship in 1930s. After being ill for a few weeks, he died in Pune in April 1942. He was only 41 at the time of his death.

His family has erected a [[Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital]] and research centre in his name in [[Pune]].

==Theatrical productions==
Some of his theatrical productions, in which he sang and starred too, are
* ''Manapaman'' (मानापमान) (written by K.P. Khadilkar)
* ''Ranadundubhi'' (रणदुंदुभी) (written by [[Veer Vamanrao Joshi]]) Music composed by Vaze buwa
* ''Punyaprabhaav'' (पुण्यप्रभाव)(written by [[Ram Ganesh Gadkari]])
* ''Sanyasta Khadga'' (संन्यस्तखड्ग) (written by [[Veer Savarkar]]) Music composed by Vaze buwa
* ''Rajsanyaas'' (राजसंन्यास) (written by [[Ram Ganesh Gadkari]])
* ''Deshkantak'' (देशकंटक)
* ''Ram Rajya Viyog'' (रामराज्य वियोग)

==See also==
* [[Mangeshkar Family]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

*[http://www.dmhospital.org/ Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital,Pune] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312163434/http://www.dmhospital.org/ |date=12 March 2014 }}
*Deenanath Mangeshkar Award

{{Mangeshkar family}}
{{Lata Mangeshkar}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mangeshkar, Deenanath}}
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1942 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindustani singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers]]
[[Category:Marathi-language singers]]
[[Category:Marathi playback singers]]
[[Category:Male actors in Marathi theatre]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Singers from Goa]]
[[Category:People from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Male actors from Goa]]
[[Category:Mangeshkar family|Deenanath]]

Deenanath Mangeshkar - Revision history

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