103.111.46.34 at 14:35, 10 April 2023

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
The '''Delhi Gharana''', alongside the Punjab Gharana, is the oldest of the [[tabla]] [[gharana]]s, founded in North India by Ustad Siddhar (or Sudhar) Khan Dhadhi during the early 18th century.
Marking a clear distinction from the pakhawaj, it is also called "Do unglion ka baaj" (two fingers style) due to nearly exclusive use of index and middle fingers on the center and edge of the dayan (right hand drum).
It has come up with two notable inventions based on [[improvisation]] rules : Peshkar and Kaida.

Because most of its sounds are moderately resonant (like in the Ajrada Gharana), it is classified with this latter in the "Bandh baaj" group (closed style), contrary to the "Khula baaj" (open style) which regroups the four resonant Gharanas of Punjab, Lucknow, Farrukhabad and Banaras.

Many composition patterns of this school have quickly become standards and are among the first pieces taught to learners, whatever their gharana.

Mid-18th century onwards, both the third and fourth generation descendants of Siddhar Khan founded the Lucknow and Ajrada Gharanas.

==History==
Delhi Gharana was founded in the early 18th century most probably by Mia Siddhar Khan Dhadi, who is sometimes also referred to as the inventor of the tabla. Siddhar Khan is the earliest available name associated with tabla that is found in historical records. Siddhar Khan, having been a [[pakhawaj]] player (hand drums player), was responsible for incorporating pakhawaj [[Bol (music)|bol]]s (syllables) to the style. However, the [[tabla]], not the [[pakhawaj]], is now the main instrument of the Delhi Gharana. Siddhar Khan and his descendants contributed greatly to the development of the Tabla language and compositional structures of the 'Peshkars' and the 'Kayadas'.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yx0LO281JNs, 'Tabla playing lessons described and made easy' of Delhi gharana on YouTube, uploaded 24 Feb 2014, retrieved 21 Feb 2016</ref>

==Playing style==
The Delhi tabla style is famous for its vast and rich repertoire of Kayadas. Overall, the sound quality tends to focus on avoiding the overuse of loud, resonant baya (left-hand bass drum) strokes in favor of lighter, more precise strokes. Bols such as dha, tita (tite), tirakita and tinnakinna are prominent. The temperament and style of playing is generally soft and esoteric.<ref>Wegner, Gert-Matthias; ''Vintage Tabla Repertory'', Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2004.</ref>

==Prominent exponents==
A few notable masters of this school are [[Ustad Nathu Khan]] (1875–1940), [[Gamay Khan]] (1883–1958), Ustad Munnu Khan (the three brothers) and Ustad Gamay Khan's son [[Ustad Inam Ali Khan]](1924–1986), his son [[Gulam Haider khan]], and [[Asif Ali khan]], [[Chatur Lal|Pandit Chatur Lal]] (1924–1966), [[Ustad Latif Ahmed Khan]] (1942-1989) and his sons [[Akbar Latif Khan]] and [[Babar Latif|Babar Latif Khan]] [https://dilligharanatabla.blogspot.com/p/hindi-biodata.html?m=1], [[Fiyaz Khan|Ustad Fiyaz Khan]] (1934–12 November 2014), [https://soulofrythms.in/ustad-anthony-das-ji/ Ustad Anthony Das] (Died 12/03/2004) Pandit Subhash Nirwan(1953-2014)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delhi School Of Music|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/delhi-school-of-music/235321|access-date=2021-10-04|website=www.outlookindia.com/|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Learn Hindustani Classical Vocal, Kathak, Tabla, Light Vocal, Flute, Harmonium, Sitar, Modern dance forms, Bharatnatyam|url=https://meetkalakar.com/Artist/1183-Subhash-Nirwan|access-date=2021-10-04|website=meetkalakar.com}}</ref> and his son Suraj Nirwan,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Banerjee|first=Meena|date=2019-11-28|title=Melodic melange|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/melodic-melange/article30105768.ece|access-date=2021-10-04|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhaskar ePaper: Dainik Bhaskar Hindi News Paper, Hindi ePaper Online|url=https://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/514395/97808626193/cph/23022021/266/image|access-date=2021-10-04|website=Dainik Bhaskar|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-05|title=Magic of melody|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/features/magic-of-melody-1502617423.html|access-date=2021-10-04|website=The Statesman|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Shafaat Ahmed Khan|Ustad Shafaat Ahmed Khan]](20 May 1954 – 24 July 2005), Ustad Shakeel Ahmed Khan, [[Cassius Khan]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord missing|Delhi}}

[[Category:Hand drums]]
[[Category:Pitched percussion]]
[[Category:Tabla gharanas]]
[[Category:Culture of Delhi]]
[[Category:Instrumental gharanas]]

Delhi gharana - Revision history

103.111.46.34 at 14:35, 10 April 2023