>FrescoBot at 23:17, 3 May 2021

2021-05-03T23:17:15Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{IndiaCensusPop
| title= Population Growth
| 1961= 337000
| 1971= 468000
| 1981= 632000
| 1991= 865000
| 2001= 1098000
| 2011= 1382611
| estimate=
| estyear=
| estref=
| footnote=Source:Census of India<ref name="Census Population">{{cite web|url=http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab97.pdf|title=Census Population|work=Census of India|publisher=Ministry of Finance India|access-date=18 December 2008|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219073658/http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2006-07/chapt2007/tab97.pdf|archive-date=19 December 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> First ever census was carried out in 1961.
}}
The Indian state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] has a total population of roughly 1.4 million (as of 2011) on an area of 84,000 km2, amounting to a population density of about 17 pop./km2 (far below the Indian average of 370 pop./km2 but significantly higher than similarly mountainous [[Ladakh]]).
Much of Arunachal Pradesh is forested. The "indigenous groups" account for about two thirds of population, while immigrants, mostly of [[Bengali language|Bengali]]/[[Hindi belt]] origin, account for a third.

==List of tribes==
[[File:Children at Bomdila.jpg|thumb|Children in [[Bomdila]], Arunachal Pradesh]]
The ''Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Lists (Modification) Order'' (1956 and as inserted by Act 69 of 1986) lists twelve tribes of Arunachal Pradesh explicitly, but makes explicit that the list is non-exhaustive by noting that "all tribes of the State, including" those listed are to be considered "Scheduled". There are 26 major tribes and more than 100 sub tribes in Arunachal Pradesh.
The twelve tribes listed are:<ref>[http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf Indian census, List of notified Scheduled Tribes] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |date=7 November 2013 }}</ref>
[[Adi people|Adi (Abor)]], [[Aka (tribe)|Aka]], [[Apatani people|Apatani]], [[Nyishi]], [[Tagin people|Tagin]], [[Galo tribe|Galo]], [[Khamti people|Khampti]], [[Mishmi people|Mishmi]], [[Monpa people|Momba (Monpa)]], "any [[Naga people|Naga tribes]]", [[Sherdukpen]], [[Singpho people|Singpho]].

By ethnolinguistic classification:

*[[Tibeto-Burman]]
**[[Bodish|Bodic Languages]] [[File:Potrait of a Lady.jpg|thumb|A lady in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh]]
***[[Monpa people|Monpa]] ([[Chugpa tribe|Chugpa]], [[Takpa people|Takpa]], [[Tshangla|Tshangla/Memba]] et al.)
***[[Tibetan People|Tibetans]] ([[Tibetic languages|Tibetan languages]])
**[[Khamba people|Khamba]]
**[[Tani languages|Tani]]
***[[Apatani people|Apatani/Tani]], [[Galo tribe|Galo/Abor]], [[Nishi people|Nyishi]], [[Hill Miri people|Hill Miri]], [[Tagin people|Tagin]], [[Na people|Na/Nga]], [[Mising people|Mising/Mishing]]
***[[Adi people|Adi]]/[[Lhoba people|Lhoba]] ([[Millang]], [[Minyong tribe|Minyong]], [[Padam tribe|Padam]]
**[[Digaro languages|Digaro-Mishmi]]
***[[Mishmi people|Mishmi]] ([[Idu Mishmi language|Idu Mishmi]], [[Digaro Mishmi language|Digaro Mishmi/Taraon/Darang Deng]]),
**[[Miju languages|Miju]]
***[[Miju Mishmi]], [[Zekhring people|Zekhring]]
**[[Lolo-Burmese]]
***[[Yobin]]
**[[Hruso languages|Hruso]] (association with Tibeto-Burman doubtful)
***[[Hruso people|Hruso/Aka]], [[Miji people|Miji/Sajolang/Damai]]
**[[Kho-Bwa languages|Kho-Bwa]] (association with Tibeto-Burman doubtful)
***[[Bugun]] (Khowa)
***[[Sherdukpen people|Sherdukpen/Mey]], [[Sartang language|Sartang]]
***[[Lishipa tribe|Lispha, Chug]]
***[[Sulung people|Sulung/Puroik]] (association with Kho-Bwa doubtful)
**[[Sal languages]] ([[Naga tribes]] [mostly Tibeto-Burman speaking; [[Nagamese creole]]], c.f. "[[Konyak languages|Northern Naga]]")
***[[Singpho people|Singpho]]
***[[Tangsa people|Tangsa]], [[Nocte people|Nocte]], [[Wancho people|Wancho]], [[Tutsa Naga|Tutsa]]
*[[Southwestern Tai languages|Southwestern Tai]]
**[[Khamti people|Khamti]]
**[[Khamyang people|Khamyang]]
* [[Assamese people|Other Indigenous Assamese people]]
*wancho tribe population

==Distribution of various ethno-linguistic group in the state==
As one of the [[Seven Sister States]] of eight if including [[Sikkim]] in India's remote north-east, it is culturally at least as much part of [[Southeast Asia]] as it is of [[South Asia]]; ethnolinguistically, it is divided between various [[Tibeto-Burman]] speaking Tribes. [[Monpa]] area bordering [[Bhutan]] to the west, the [[Tani (tribes)|Tani]] and [[Mishmi people|Mishmi]] areas in the center, [[Jingpo people|Singpho]]/[[Tangsa Naga|Tangsa]]/[[Lisu people|Yobin]] area bordering Myanmar to the east and the [[Naga people|Naga]] area bordering [[Nagaland]] in the south. It shares a large part of its border with China and the Indian state of [[Assam]]. In between there are transition zones, such as the [[Bugun]]/[[Aka (tribe)|Aka]]/[[Hruso people|Hruso]]/[[Miji people|Miji]]/[[Sherdukpen]] area, which form cultural "buffers" between the Tibetic Buddhist tribes and the Tani hill tribes. In addition, there are isolated peoples scattered throughout the state.

Within each of these cultural spheres, one finds populations of related tribes speaking related languages and sharing similar traditions. In the Tibetic area, one finds large numbers of [[Monpa people|Monpa]] tribespeople, with several subtribes speaking closely related but mutually incomprehensible languages, and also large numbers of Tibetans. Within the Tani area, major tribes include [[Nishi people|Nishi]], which has recently come to be used by many people to encompass Bangni and even [[Hills Miri]]. [[Apatani people|Apatani]] also live among the [[Nishi people|Nishi]], but are distinct. In the northern zone the [[Tagin people|Tagin]] presides as one of the major tribe extending up to the northeastern side of mechuka . In the centre, one finds predominantly [[Galo people]], with the major sub-groups of [[Lare]], Kargu-kardi and Pugo among others, extending to the [[Ramo]] and [[Pailibo]] areas (which are close in many ways to Galo). In the east, one finds the [[Adi people|Adi]], with many subtribes including [[Padam tribe|Padam]], [[Dusadh|Pasi]], [[Minyong]], and [[Bokar]], among others. [[Milang]], while also falling within the general "Adi" sphere, are in many ways quite distinct. Moving east, the Idu, Miju and Digaru make up the "Mishmi" cultural-linguistic area, which may or may not form a coherent historical grouping.

Moving southeast, the [[Tai peoples|Tai]] [[Khamti people|Khamti]] are linguistically distinct from their neighbours and culturally distinct from the majority of other Arunachali tribes; they are religiously similar to the [[Chakma people|Chakmas]] who have migrated from erstwhile [[East Pakistan]]. They follow the same Theraveda sect of Buddhism. The [[Chakma people|Chakmas]] consist of the majority of the tribal population in Diyun Circle. Districts of Lohit, Changlang and Papumpare have a considerable number of [[Chakma people|Chakmas]]. They speak a linguistic variant derived from [[Assamese language|Assamese]]. [[Assam]] also have a large population of [[Chakma people|Chakmas]] who reside in the district of [[Karbi Anglong]], [[Nagaon]] and [[Kachar]]. They also exhibit considerable convergence with the [[Singpho people|Singpho]] and [[Tangsa]] tribes of the same area, all of which are also found in Burma. Finally, the [[Nocte language|Nocte]] and [[Wancho language|Wancho]] exhibit cultural and possibly also linguistic affinities to the tribes of [[Nagaland]], which they border. There are also [[Assamese people|Indigenous Assamese people]] belonging to various indigenous Assamese communities in [[Arunachal Pradesh]].

In addition, there are large numbers of migrants from diverse areas of India and Bangladesh, who, while legally not entitled to settle permanently, in practice stay indefinitely, progressively altering the traditional demographic makeup of the state. Finally, populations of "Nepalis" (in fact, usually Tibeto-Burman tribespeople whose tribes predominate in areas of Nepal, but who do not have tribal status in India) and [[Chakma people|Chakmas]] are distributed in different areas of the state (although reliable figures are hard to come by).

==Literacy==
Literacy has risen in official figures to 66.95% in 2011 from 54.74% in 2001. The literate population is said to number 789,943. Number of literate males are 454,532 (73.69%) and number of literate females are 335,411 (59.57%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/Table-2(3)_literacy.pdf |title=Census of India: Provisional Population Tables - Census 2011 |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2011-04-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409075627/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/Table-2(3)_literacy.pdf |archive-date=2011-04-09 }}</ref>

==Religion==
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Arunachal Pradesh<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|title=Census of India – Religious Composition|publisher=Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs|access-date=27 August 2015}}</ref>
|titlebar=#F6F6F6
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|Christianity|blue|30.3}}
{{bar percent|Hinduism|orange|29.0}}
{{bar percent|Others (mostly [[Donyi-Polo]])|grey|26.2}}
{{bar percent|Buddhism|yellow|11.8}}
{{bar percent|Islam|green|1.9}}
{{bar percent|Sikhism|gold|0.2}}
{{bar percent|Jainism|pink|0.05}}
}}

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|+ Religion in Arunachal Pradesh
!Religion !! 2001<ref name="religion1">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/C_Series/Population_by_religious_communities.htm|title=Total population by religious communities|publisher=Censusindia.gov.in|access-date=20 November 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119031333/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/C_Series/Population_by_religious_communities.htm|archive-date=19 January 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref>!! 2011<ref name="religion2">{{cite web|publisher=Census Department, Government of India|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html|title=Indian Census 2011|access-date=25 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913045700/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|archive-date=13 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| Christianity || 205,548 || 418,732
|-
| Hinduism || 379,935 || 401,876
|-
| Buddhism || 143,028 || 162,815
|-
| Islam || 20,675 || 27,045
|-
| Sikhism || 1,865 || 3,287
|-
| Jainism || 216 || 771
|-
| Other (mostly [[Donyi-Polo]]) || 337,399 || 362,553
|-
| Not stated || n/a || 6,648
|-
| Total || 1,097,968 || 1,383,727
|}
[[File:BuddhaTwang.jpg|right|thumb|250px|[[Buddhism]] is practiced by 12% of the population. Shown here is a statue of [[Gautama Buddha|the Buddha]] in [[Tawang]], Arunachal Pradesh.]]
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|+ Religion in Arunachal Pradesh (%)
!Religion !! 2001<ref name="religion1"/> !! 2011<ref name="religion1"/>
|-
| Christianity || 18.72 || 30.26
|-
| Hinduism || 34.60 || 29.04
|-
| Buddhism || 13.03 || 11.77
|-
| Islam || 1.88 || 1.95
|-
| Sikhism || 0.17 || 0.24
|-
| Jainism || 0.02 || 0.05
|-
| Other (mostly [[Donyi-Polo]]) || 30.73 || 26.20
|-
| Not stated || n/a || 0.48
|}

*"Others" refers to indigenous [[tribal religions of India|religious traditions]], such as [[Donyi-Polo]] (in the Tani area) or [[Rangfrah]] (further east). [[Tibetan Buddhism]] predominates in the districts of [[Tawang]], [[West Kameng]], and isolated regions adjacent to [[Tibet]]. [[Theravada Buddhism]] is practiced by groups living near the Burmese border.

Out of the 101 recognized tribes,{{clarify|date=September 2012}} 37 are having an animist majority (Nyishi, Adi, Galo, Tagin, Adi, Apatani. [[Bugun]] etc.), 23 are having a Christian majority (Wancho, Mossang Tangsa, Bori, Yobin.etc.), 15 are having a Hindu majority (Mishmi, Mishing/Miri, Indigenous Assamese people, Nepali, Aka, Longchang Tangsa etc.), and 17 are having a Buddhist majority (Monpa, Khampti, Tawang Monpa, Momba, Singpho, Sherdukpen, Chakma.etc.). The remaining 8 tribes are multi-faith, i.e. do not have a dominant religion (Nocte, Tangsa, Naga.etc.).<ref>Table ST-14, Census of India 2001</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061026064410/http://www.nezccindia.org/arunachalpradesh/default.asp North East Zone Cultural Centre] (Used as information reference to all related articleson tribal groups of Arunachal Pradesh)

{{Demographics of India}}

[[Category:Arunachal Pradesh]]

Demographics of Arunachal Pradesh - Revision history

>FrescoBot at 23:17, 3 May 2021