>Serols at 10:15, 13 May 2021

2021-05-13T10:15:38Z

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{{About|the district in Madhya Pradesh, India|its headquarters|Dewas}}
{{Other uses|Dewas (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Dewas district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Madhya Pradesh|District]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Interlocked basalt rocks from top at the Kavadia Pahaad.jpg
| image_caption = Interlocked basalt at Kavadia Hills
| image_map = MP Dewas district map.svg
| map_caption = Location of Dewas district in Madhya Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|22|57|36|N|76|03|00|E|region:IN-MP_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title}}
| coor_pinpoint = [[Dewas]]
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = Division
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ujjain Division|Ujjain]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Dewas]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 8 ([[Sonkatch]], [[Dewas]], [[Bagli, Dewas|Bagli]], [[Kannod]], [[Tonk Khurd]], [[Khategaon]], [[Hatpiplya tehsil|Hatpipliya]] and [[Satwas]])
| area_total_km2 = 7020
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = {{formatnum:1563715}}
| population_footnotes = <ref name=districtcensus/>
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = Literacy
| demographics1_info1 = 70.53%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 943:1000
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=districtcensus/>
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate = MP 41 <ref name="rtocode">{{cite web |url=http://www.rtocode.com/madhya-pradesh/MP-41 |title=MP 41 Dewas city Regional Transport Office (RTO) in Madhya pradesh |website=rtocode.com |access-date= 13 January 2021}}</ref>
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituency]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Dewas (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dewas]]
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| blank_info_sec2 = 5 ([[Dewas (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dewas]], [[Sonkatch (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sonkatch]], [[Hatpipliya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hatpipliya]], [[Bagali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bagli]] and [[Khategaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khategaon]])
| website = http://dewas.nic.in
| official_name =
}}
'''Dewas District''' is a [[Districts of Madhya Pradesh|district]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. The town of [[Dewas]] is the district headquarters.

Dewas District roughly corresponds to the territories of the twin [[princely states of Dewas]]. The district straddles the [[Vindhya Range]]; the northern portion of the district lies on the [[Malwa]] plateau, while the southern portion lies in the valley of the [[Narmada River]]. The Narmada forms the southern boundary of the district. The district is bounded to the east by [[Sehore District]], to the south by the [[Harda District|Harda]] and [[Khandwa District|Khandwa]] districts, to the west by the [[Khargone District|Khargone]] and [[Indore District|Indore]] districts, and to the north by the [[Ujjain District|Ujjain]] and [[Shajapur District|Shajapur]] districts. Dewas District is part of [[Ujjain Division]]. Devsaal Rawats of [[Uttarakhand]] are said to have their origins in Dewas at the time of legendary king [[Vikramāditya]].<ref>http://dic.mp.nic.in/dewas/default.aspx</ref> Dewas is about {{convert|152|km}} from [[Bhopal]] and {{convert|40|km}} from [[Indore]] by road.

==Etymology==
The district takes its name from the district headquarters town, [[Dewas]], which is said to have been derived on the basis of two traditions. One is that Dewas lies at the base of a {{convert|300|ft|adj=on}} conical hill, known as Chamunda hill, on top of which the shrine of Chamunda is located. The image of the goddess is cut into the wall of a cave, known as Devi Vashini or the goddess's residence. From this, the name Dewas (''dev''-''vas'') seems to have been derived. The other view of the probable origin is from the name of the founder of the city, Dewasa Bania.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://dic.mp.nic.in/dewas/Dewas/html/geography.htm|title=Geography|website=dic.mp.nic.in|access-date=30 September 2016}}</ref>

== History ==
{{Main|Dewas State}}
Dewas was formerly two separate [[princely states]] of [[British India]] ([[Dewas Senior]] and [[Dewas Junior]]). The original state was founded in the first half of the 18th century by the brothers Tukaji Rao (senior) and Jivaji Rao (junior), from the [[Pawar|Puar]] clan of [[Maratha]]s. They had advanced into Malwa with the Maratha [[Peshwa]], [[Baji Rao I|Baji Rao]], in 1728. The brothers divided the territory among themselves and their descendants ruled as the senior and junior branches of the family. After 1841, each branch ruled its own portion as a separate state, though the lands belonging to each were intimately entangled. Both Dewas states were in the [[Malwa Agency]] of the [[Central India Agency]].

After India's independence in 1947, the Rajas of Dewas acceded to India, and their states were integrated into [[Madhya Bharat]], which became a state of India in 1950. Later, in 1956, Madhya Bharat was merged into [[Madhya Pradesh]] state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dic.mp.nic.in/dewas/Dewas/html/history_of_dewas.htm|title=History Of Dewas|website=dic.mp.nic.in|access-date=30 September 2016}}</ref>

==Geography==
Dewas district lies in west [[Madhya Pradesh]] on the level plains of the [[Malwa]] plateau. To the south, the land rises gently to the [[Vindhya Range]], which is the source of the [[Chambal River|Chambal]] and [[Kali Sindh River|Kali Sindh]] rivers that flow north through the district on their way to the [[Ganges]].

=== Climate ===
Due of its high elevation and inland location, even during the hottest months of the year, the nights are relatively cool, which is known as ''[[Shab-e-Malwa]]''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_0RpUoGiou4C|title=Omkareshwar and Maheshwar: Travel Guide|date=2011|publisher=Goodearth Publications|isbn=9789380262246|page=79|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008231849/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_0RpUoGiou4C|archive-date=8 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. Dewas gets most of its rainfall during July–September due to the [[Monsoon|southwest monsoon]].
{{Dewas weatherbox}}

==Places of interest==
===Pushpgiri Tirth, Sonkatch===
Shri Digambar Jain Teerth Kshetra, Pushpagiri is located {{convert|4|km|abbr=on}} west of [[Sonkatch]], in the area of the Songiri Hills.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pushpgiri.emsindia.com/ |title=Pushpgiri Teerth, Sonkutch, Dist. Dewas (M.P.), India |access-date=12 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821183954/http://www.pushpgiri.emsindia.com/ |archive-date=21 August 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://jinaagamsaar.com/tirth/pushpgiri.php</ref> The temple here is dedicated to Lord [[Mahavir]]. This Jain kshetra is a sprawling 250-acre complex housing Jain Sthanaks, schools, hospital, museum, cottages, shopping center and a {{convert|108|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} idol of Bhagwan Paraswanath in an Yogic (Padmasan) posture, one of the tallest Jain idols.

===Kheoni wildlife Sanctuary===
{{Main|Kheoni Sanctuary}}
Kheoni Wildlife Sanctuary straddles [[Kannod tehsil]] of Dewas district and [[Sehore district]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://wildtrails.in/kheoni-wildlife-sanctuary/ |title= Kheoni Wildlife Sanctuary |website= WildTrails Recent Sightings}}</ref> It is spread over an area of {{convert|132|km2}}. According to a bird survey done in April 2018, Kheoni has around 125 species of birds, including the state bird of Madhya Pradesh, the [[Indian paradise flycatcher]].<ref>{{cite news |date= 9 April 2018 |title= Four new species found in first Malwa bird count |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/indore/first-malwa-bird-counting-four-new-species-found-in-first-bird-survey/articleshow/63672444.cms |newspaper= The Times of India}}</ref>

===Kavadia Hills===
[[File:Interlocked_basaltic_columns_at_of_Kavadia_mountain.jpg|right|thumb|alt=Basaltic columns at Kavadia hills|Basaltic columns at Kavadia hills]]
These are a series of hills, situated next to Potla and Pipri villages in [[Bagli, Dewas|Bagli]] Taluk of Dewas district.<ref name="dic.mp.nic.in">http://dic.mp.nic.in/dewas/Dewas/html/tourist.htm</ref> There are total seven mountain-like formations of shaped, interlocking, basalt columns that were probably created simultaneously as a result of volcanic eruption millions of years ago. These rock columns are arranged in a pattern that gives an appearance of a man-made structure. Most of the columns are hexagonal and interlocked with similar rocks on all the edges that emit a musical sound when struck.<ref>http://www.dewasonline.in/city-guide/dewas-tourism</ref> Most visible columns are 8 to 10 feet long but there can be longer rocks further deep inside the mountain. Although basalt columns are not unique and are found at several places around the world (including [[St. Mary's Islands]] in Karnataka, India), the quality, quantity, geometrical arrangement and location (far from an ocean) of this place is unique.<ref name="Times of india">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/indore/Rare-rock-formation-found-in-Dewas-district/articleshow/17744224.cms |title=Madhya Pradesh: Rare rock formation found in Dewas district |newspaper=The Times of India |date= 24 December 2018 |access-date= 28 December 2020}}</ref>

===Gidya Khoh===
Situated on the Indore-Nemawar [[National Highway 47 (India)|road]], Gidya Khoh or Gidiya Khoh lies in the Dewas District, and has a waterfall surrounded by a valley. The waterfall cascades from a height of 500–600 ft. Khudel devta temple is located here. Gidya Khoh is located about 48 km south of [[Dewas]] and 42 km east of [[Indore]], and Double Chowki is the nearest junction from which Gidya Khoh is 9 km away.<ref name="dic.mp.nic.in"/>

==Dewas' water management programs==
The United Nations awarded Dewas district's community water management works the 3rd place under the category of "Best Water Management Practices" for 2011–2012.<ref name="un.org">{{cite web| title = ‘Water for Life’ UN-Water Best Practices Award: 2012 edition: Finalists | url = https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/finalists2012.shtml | access-date = 2015-05-21 |quote=3rd ranked: Bhagirath Krishhak Abhiyan, Water Conservation for Food Security}}</ref> The United Nations also praised Bhagirath Krishhak Abhiyan of Dewas district, started by district administrator Umakant Umrao.<ref name="un.org" /> A documentary film made by [[Public Service Broadcasting Trust]] about Dewas water revolution was featured on [[Lok Sabha TV]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RHAjnwXZmU|title=Umakant Umrao "Dewas Ke Bhagirath"|access-date=2015-05-21 }}</ref>

== Divisions ==
[[File:Dewas Tehsil Locator.png|thumb|right|alt=Tehsils of Dewas district |Tehsils of Dewas district]]
Dewas District is divided into eight tehsils: [[Sonkatch]], [[Dewas]], [[Bagli, Dewas|Bagli]], Kannod, Tonk Khurd, Khategaon, Hatpiplya and [[Satwas]]. Dewas tehsil is situated on the north-western part of the district, Sonkatch on the north-eastern part, Bagli on the south, Kannod on the south-central part and Khategaon on the South-east. Dewas, the headquarters of Dewas tehsil, and the district headquarters, is situated on [[National Highway (India)|National Highway]] and is also connected by broad-gauge railway line of western Railway.<ref>http://dic.mp.nic.in/dewas/Dewas/HTML/genrel.htm</ref>

The district contributes 5 seats to the Madhya Pradesh [[Vidhan Sabha]]: [[Dewas (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dewas]], [[Sonkatch (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sonkatch]], [[Hatpipliya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hatpipliya]], [[Bagali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bagli]] and [[Khategaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khategaon]].

Dewas is also spread across 3 [[Lok Sabha]] constituencies: [[Dewas (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dewas]] (Sonkatch, Dewas, Tonk Khurd and Hatpipliya tehsils), [[Khandwa (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khandwa]] (Bagli and Satwas tehsils) and [[Vidisha (Lok Sabha constituency)|Vidisha]] (Khategoan and Kannod tehsils)

== Transport ==
In terms of roadways, [[National Highway 47 (India)|NH-47]] passes through the southern parts of the district and [[National Highway 52 (India)|NH-52]] passes through Dewas city. In addition, there are State Highways and other district highways within the district.
The district has 3 railway stations, of which [[Dewas Junction]] (DWX), gets the most passenger traffic. It is a part of Ratlam Division of the Western Railway Zone.

==Demographics==
{{historical populations |11=1901|12=2,28,938| 13=1911|14=2,74,986| 15=1921|16=2,68,396| 17=1931|18=3,06,975| 19=1941|20=3,26,221| 21=1951|22=3,45,306| 23=1961|24=4,46,901| 25=1971|26=5,94,336| 27=1981| 28=7,95,309| 29=1991|30=10,33,807 |31=2001|32=13,08,223 |33=2011|34=15,63,715|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Dewas District has a population of 1,563,715,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Gabon]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Gabon 1,576,665}}</ref> or the US state of [[Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=Hawaii 1,360,301 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=2013-10-19 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 319th in India (out of a total of 640).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 223 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.48%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Dewas has a sex ratio of 941 females for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a literacy rate of 70.53%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

===Languages===
As of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], 92.82% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]], 2.13% [[Bhili language|Bhili]], 1.90% [[Urdu]] and 1.31% [[Gondi language|Gondi]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref> {{update after|2021}}

Other languages spoken include [[Malvi language|Maalvi]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]], and Bareli Rathwi language, a [[Bhil languages|Bhil]] language with approximately 64,000 speakers in the world.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bareli, Rathwi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bgd | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://dewas.nic.in Dewas District web site]
*[http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/madhyapradesh/dewas.html Dewas City Map]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Dewas district
|North = [[Shajapur district]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Sehore district]]
|Southeast = [[Harda district]]
|South = [[East Nimar district]]
|Southwest = [[West Nimar district]]
|West = [[Indore district]]
|Northwest = [[Ujjain district]]
}}

{{Madhya Pradesh}}
{{Ujjain Division}}
{{Narmada basin}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Dewas district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Madhya Pradesh]]

Dewas district - Revision history

>Serols at 10:15, 13 May 2021