NiklasPqy606 at 19:04, 22 February 2026

2026-02-22T19:04:13Z

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{{Short description|National park in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
| alt_name = Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve
| iucn_category = II
| image = Dibru Saikhuwa National Park.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| map = India Assam#India
| map_caption =
| relief = 1
| mapframe = Yes
| location = [[Assam]], [[India]]
| nearest_city = [[Tinsukia]]
| coordinates = {{coords|27|40|N|95|23|E|region:IN|display=inline, title}}
| established = 1999
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body =
| url =
| area_km2 = 350
}}

'''Dibru-Saikhowa National Park''' is a [[national park]] in [[Dibrugarh district|Dibrugarh]] and [[Tinsukia district]]s, [[Assam]], [[India]]. It was designated a [[Biosphere reserves of India|Biosphere Reserve]] in July 1997 with an area of {{cvt|765|km2}}, including a core area of {{cvt|340|km2}} and a buffer zone of {{cvt|425|km2}}.

It is located at an average elevation of {{cvt|118|m}}, ranging from {{cvt|110|to|126|m}}. The park is bounded by the [[Brahmaputra River|Brahmaputra]] and [[Lohit River]]s in the north and Dibru River in the south. It mainly consists of moist mixed semi-[[evergreen forest]]s, moist mixed [[deciduous forest]]s, [[canebrakes]] and grasslands. It is the largest [[salix]] [[swamp forest]] in north-eastern India, with a tropical [[monsoon]] climate with a hot and wet summer and cool and usually dry winter. Annual rainfall ranges from {{cvt|2300|to|3800|mm}}. It is a haven for many endangered species and rich in fish diversity.

==History==
[[File:Asiatic water buffalo.jpg|thumb|Wild water buffalo]]
The area was declared as Dibru Reserved Forest in 1890. In 1920, additional area was added to the Dibru Reserve Forest. In 1929, Saikhowa Reserve Forest was declared. In 1933, more area was added to the Dibru Reserved Forest. In 1986, an area of {{cvt|650|km2}} was preliminarily declared as a wildlife sanctuary, out of which {{cvt|340|km2}} was finally declared as wildlife sanctuary in 1995. In 1997, Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve was declared with an area of {{cvt|765|km2}} including a core area of {{cvt|340|km2}}. In 1999, the core area was declared as national park.<ref>{{cite book |author=Choudhury, A.U. |year=2009 |chapter=The genesis of a national park |title=Incredible Dibru–Saikhowa National Park |editor=Dwivedi, K.K. |publisher=Dibru–Saikhowa Conservation Society |place=Tinsukia, India |pages=6–11}}</ref> In December 2020, [[Gauhati]] highcourt stayed a permission given to [[Oil India Limited]] for [[hydrocarbon]] exploration at seven locations inside the protected area.<ref>{{cite news |author=Parashar, U. |date=2020 |title=Gauhati HC stays hydrocarbon exploration inside Dibru-Saikhowa national park |newspaper=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/gauhati-hc-stays-hydrocarbon-exploration-inside-dibru-saikhowa-national-park/story-1SqerXwW5MoQsHynIsdbsJ.html}}</ref>

== Biodiversity ==
===Flora===
The forest of Dibru-Saikhowa consists of semi-evergreen forests, deciduous, littoral and swamp forests and patches of wet evergreen forests. The national park is about 35.84% moist mixed forest, 9.50% degraded forest and 21.25% grassland. Major tree species of the area are tetrasperma, ''[[Dillenia indica]]'', ''[[Bischofia javanica]]'', ''[[Bombax ceiba]]'', ''[[Lagerstroemia parviflora]]'', ''[[Terminalia myriocarpa]]'', ''[[Mesua ferrea]]'', ''[[Dalbergia sissoo]]'', and ''[[Ficus]]''. ''[[Arundo donax]]'', ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'', ''[[Phragmites karka]]'', ''[[Saccharum ravennae]]'' are principal types of grasses in the national park.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewildlifeofindia.com/dibru-saikhowa-wildlife-sanctuary.html|title=Dibru Saikhowa Wildlife Sanctuary - Information, Safari and Tours - Wildlife of India|website=www.thewildlifeofindia.com|access-date=19 April 2018}}</ref> The [[orchid]] flora comprises 35 [[epiphytic]] and eight terrestrial species.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Gogoi, K. |date=2010 |title=Orchid flora of Dibru–Saikhowa National Park and Biosphere Reserve, Assam, India |journal=Pleione |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=124–134 |author2=Borah, R.L. |author3=Sharma, G.C. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303116121}}</ref>

===Fauna===
Thirty-six mammal species have been recorded, of which 12 are listed in Schedule 1 of the [[Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972|Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Floodwaters-force-animals-to-flee-Dibru-Saikhowa-National-Park/articleshow/35010138.cms|title=Floodwaters force animals to flee Dibru-Saikhowa National Park - Times of India|author=Duttai, R.|date=2014|work=The Times of India|access-date=19 April 2018}}</ref> These include [[Bengal tiger]], [[Indian leopard]], [[clouded leopard]], [[jungle cat]], [[sloth bear]], [[dhole]], [[small Indian civet]], [[Malayan giant squirrel]], [[Chinese pangolin]], [[Ganges dolphin]], [[slow loris]], [[pig tailed macaque]], [[Assamese macaque]], [[rhesus macaque]], [[capped langur]], [[Hoolock gibbon]], [[Asian elephant]], [[wild boar]], [[Sambar deer]], [[hog deer]], [[barking deer]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Choudhury |first1=A. U. |year=1998 |title=Mammals, birds and reptiles of Dibru-Saikhowa Sanctuary, Assam, India |journal=Oryx |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=192–200 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-3008.1998.d01-36.x |doi-access=free}}</ref> and [[wild water buffalo]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Choudhury |first1=A. U. |year=2010 |title=The vanishing herds, the wild water buffalo |publisher=Gibbon Books, The Rhino Foundation with support from ATREE and COA, Taiwan, Guwahati}}</ref> The [[feral horse]]s living in the park are descendants of army horses let loose after the end of [[World War II]].<ref>{{cite magazine |author=Bhuyan, A. |title=Warhorses Gone Wild |date=2011|magazine=Open |url=https://www.openthemagazine.com/article/india/warhorses-gone-wild |access-date=19 April 2018}}</ref>

Birds recorded include [[swamp francolin]], [[spot-billed pelican]], [[white-bellied heron]], [[grey heron]], [[purple heron]], [[black-crowned night heron]], [[yellow bittern]], [[Asian openbill]], [[lesser adjutant]], [[white-necked stork]], [[black stork]], [[black-necked stork]], [[glossy ibis]], [[fulvous whistling-duck]], [[bar-headed goose]], [[greylag goose]], [[northern pintail]], [[common shelduck]], [[white-winged wood duck]], [[Indian spot-billed duck]], [[Baer's pochard]], [[white-tailed eagle]], [[Pallas's fish eagle]], [[grey-headed fish eagle]], [[greater spotted eagle]], [[Himalayan griffon]], [[white-backed vulture]], [[slender-billed vulture]], [[osprey]], [[crested serpent-eagle]], [[lesser kestrel]], [[Sarus crane]], [[Bengal florican]], [[brown fish owl]], [[great pied hornbill]], [[spotted redshank]], [[greenshank]], and [[pale-capped pigeon]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=Choudhury |first1=A. U. |year=1994 |title=A report on bird survey in Dibru–Saikhowa Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam, India |publisher=Oriental Bird Club, UK}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Choudhury, A. |year=2006 |title=Birds of Dibru-Saikhowa National Park and Biosphere Reserve, Assam, India |journal=Indian Birds |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=95−105}}</ref> [[greater adjutant]], [[ferruginous pochard]], [[Jerdon's babbler]], [[black-breasted parrotbill]], [[marsh babbler]], [[puff-throated babbler]], [[Jerdon's bushchat]], [[Indian grassbird]] and [[chestnut-crowned bush warbler]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Allen, D. |year=2002 |title=A bird survey of the Amarpur area of the Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve, Assam, India |journal=Forktail |volume=18 |pages=87−92}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|India|Islands}}
* [[Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130225044632/http://www.dibrusaikhowanationalpark.in/ Dibru-Saikhowa National Park] - Dibru-Saikhowa Conservation Society
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20180807160906/http://dibrusaikhowa.com/ Dibru-Saikhowa National Park] - portal

{{Protected areas of Assam}}
{{National Parks of India}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests]]
[[Category:Tinsukia]]
[[Category:National parks in Assam]]
[[Category:1999 establishments in Assam]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1999]]
[[Category:Uninhabited islands of India]]

Dibru-Saikhowa National Park - Revision history

NiklasPqy606 at 19:04, 22 February 2026