https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Disparoneura_quadrimaculataDisparoneura quadrimaculata - Revision history2026-08-02T20:12:34ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Disparoneura_quadrimaculata&diff=199927&oldid=prev>ShortDescBot at 08:48, 16 March 20212021-03-16T08:48:26Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Species of damselfly}}<br />
{{Taxobox<br />
| image = Davidraju IMG 0085.jpg<br />
| image_caption = male<br />
| image2 = Disparoneura quadrimaculata by Rohit George.jpg<br />
| image2_caption = female<br />
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1<br />
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |author1=Mitra, A.| title = ''Disparoneura apicalis'' | volume= 2010| page = e.T169109A6566941| year = 2010}}</ref><br />
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia<br />
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a<br />
| classis = [[Insect]]a<br />
| ordo = [[Odonata]]<br />
| familia = [[Platycnemididae]]<br />
| genus = ''[[Disparoneura]]''<br />
| species = '''''D. quadrimaculata'''''<br />
| binomial = ''Disparoneura quadrimaculata''<br />
| binomial_authority = (Rambur, 1842)<br />
| synonyms = <br />
*''Argia quadrimaculata'' {{small|Rambur, 1842}}<br />
*''Platylestes orientalis'' {{small|Baijal and Agarwal, 1955}}<br />
}}<br />
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'''''Disparoneura quadrimaculata''''',<ref name=wol>{{World Odonata List}}</ref><ref name=iucn/> '''black-winged bambootail'''<ref name=ibp/><ref name=ifb/> is a [[damselfly]] species in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Platycnemididae]]. It is a widely distributed species in [[India]].<ref name=iucn/><ref name=atlas>{{cite book |last1=K.A. |first1=Subramanian |last2=K.G. |first2=Emiliyamma |last3=R. |first3=Babu |last4=C. |first4=Radhakrishnan |last5=S.S. |first5=Talmale |title=Atlas of Odonata (Insecta) of the Western Ghats, India |date=2018 |publisher=Zoological Survey of India |isbn=9788181714954|pages=105–106}}</ref><br />
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==Description and habitat==<br />
It is a medium sized damselfly with brick-red eyes, with two horizontal dark-red equatorial lines. Its thorax is bright brick-red on dorsum, paler on the sides. There is black and narrow mid-dorsal carina; a ante-humeral stripe; and a more or less broken but broad humeral-stripe. There is another broader irregular stripe on the mesepimeron, often broken up into two or more spots. There is a short stripe on the antero-lateral suture and a narrow stripe on the postero-lateral suture. The base of the lateral side is pale yellowish-red.<ref name=Fraser/><br />
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Its wings are transparent; but the fore-wings have a broad blackish-brown fascia, which extends from the node to the [[pterostigma]]. The hind-wings have a similar fascia which begins about 5 cells distal to the node and extends to the pterostigma. The pterostigma is bright ochreous, framed in thick black nervures.<ref name=Fraser/><br />
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Its abdomen is reddish-brown, marked with black. Segment a and segments 7 to 9 are black. Segments 2 to 6 are reddish-brown with broadly black on the apical ends. Segment 10 and anal appendages are pale brown.<ref name=Fraser/> <br />
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Female is more robust with extensive black markings. Its thorax and abdomen are greyish-brown. Abdomen is black on dorsum and with broad apical annules in white followed by black on segments 3 to 7. Segments 3 to 8 have small paired white spots at the base, enclosed in black. Segments 8 to 10 have white marks on dorsum.<ref name=Fraser/> <br />
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They are commonly found along streams and rivers, perches on emergent boulders and aquatic plants. It breeds in hill streams.<ref name=Fraser>{{cite book|author=C FC Lt. Fraser|authorlink=Frederic Charles Fraser|title=The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma, Odonata Vol. I|publisher=Taylor and Francis|location=Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London|year=1933|pages=[https://archive.org/details/FraserOdonata1/page/n259 246]-248|url=https://archive.org/details/FraserOdonata1}}</ref><ref name=Fraser-WG>{{cite book|author=C FC Lt. Fraser|authorlink=Frederic Charles Fraser|title=A Survey of the Odonate (Dragonfly) Fauna of Western India with Special Remarks on the Genera Macromia and Idionyx and Descriptions of Thirty New Species|publisher=Zoological Survey of India. Volumes (Records)|location=|year=1924|pages=501|url=http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/026/05/0423-0522.pdf}}</ref><ref name=ias>{{cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. A.|title=Dragonflies and Damselflies of Peninsular India - A Field Guide|year=2005|url=http://www.ias.ac.in/Publications/Overview/Dragonflies}}</ref><ref name=ibp>{{cite web<br />
|url=http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/227023|title=Disparoneura quadrimaculata Rambur, 1842|publisher=India Biodiversity Portal|accessdate=2017-03-11}}</ref><ref name=ifb>{{cite web<br />
|url=http://www.indianodonata.org/sp/316/Disparoneura-quadrimaculata|title=Disparoneura quadrimaculata Rambur, 1842|publisher=Odonata of India, v. 1.00. Indian Foundation for Butterflies|accessdate=2017-03-11}}</ref><br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[List of odonates of India]]<br />
* [[List of odonata of Kerala]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
{{Wikispecies-inline|Disparoneura quadrimaculata}}<br />
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{{Commonscat-inline|Disparoneura quadrimaculata}}<br />
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2246495}}<br />
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[[Category:Platycnemididae]]<br />
[[Category:Insects of India]]<br />
[[Category:Insects described in 1842]]<br />
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{{Platycnemididae-stub}}</div>>ShortDescBot