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{{Infobox monarch<br />
| name = Krishnaraja Wodeyar I<br />
| image= Krishnaraja I.jpg<br />
| caption= Dodda Krishnaraja I, ruler of Mysore<br />
| succession = [[Maharaja of Mysore]]<br />
| reign = 1714–1732<br />
| coronation =3 March 1714<br />
| predecessor = [[Narasaraja Wodeyar II]] (father)<br />
| successor = [[Chamaraja Wodeyar VII]] (son)<br />
| spouse = Devaja Ammani (Devajamma) Avaru<br>Chelvaja Ammani Avaru<br>Kanle Ammani Avaru<Br>(9 wives)<br />
| issue =One son (d. aged six-months)<br />
[[Chamaraja Wodeyar VII]] (son)<br />
[[Krishnaraja Wodeyar II]] (son) <br />
| royal house = [[Wodeyar]]<br />
| father = [[Narasaraja Wodeyar II]]<br />
| mother =Chelvaja Ammani Avaru <br />
| birth_date =18 March 1702 <br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date =5 March 1732<br />
| death_place =<br />
| buried = <br />
}}'''Krishnaraja Wodeyar I''' (Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar; 18 March 1702 – 5 March 1732) was the sixteenth [[Maharaja of Mysore|maharaja]] of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]]. His reign lasted for 18 years, from 1714 to 1732.<br />
<br />
==Personal life==<br />
Dodda Krishnaraja was born on 18 March 1702. He was the first-born son of [[Narasaraja Wodeyar II|Kanthirava Narasaraja II]], by his second wife Maharani Chelvaja Ammani Devi. A month before his tenth birthday—upon his father's death—he acceded to the throne of Mysore. Although he was married nine times, direct descents in the [[Wodeyar]] lineage stopped with him; a son was born to his first wife, but died aged six months. Dodda Krishnaraja died on 5 March 1732 at the age of 29, and was succeeded by his relative's son, [[Chamaraja Wodeyar VII]].<br />
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==Demands of neighbours==<br />
Just before Dodda Krishnaraja I's accession, a change had come in the governance of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[province of Sira]] (''Carnatic Bijapur'') to the north and northeast of Mysore.<ref name="rice1897a-369-370">{{Harvnb|Rice|1897a|pp=369–370}}</ref> In 1713, ''Carnatic-Bijapur'' was split into a ''payanghat'' jurisdiction with capital at [[Arcot]] and governed by a newly styled [[Nawab of Arcot]], and a ''balaghat'' jurisdiction, governed by a newly styled [[Nawab]] of [[Sira, India|Sira]].<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> That same year, the governor of ''Carnatic-Bijapur'', Sadat-ulla Khan, was made the new Nawab of Arcot, and Amin Khan was appointed Nawab of Sira;<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> Mysore, however, remained a formal tributary state of Sira. This division, and the resulting loss of revenue from the rich ''[[Maidan (Karnataka)|maidān]]'' region of Mysore, made Sadat-ulla Khan unhappy and, in collusion with the rulers of [[Kadapa]], [[Kurnool]], [[Savanur]], and the [[Maratha]] Raja of [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Gutti]], he decided to march against Krishnaraja Wodeyar I.<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> However, the Nawab of Sira, anxious to preempt the coalition's action, hit upon a plan himself of reaching the then-Mysore capital, [[Seringapatam]].<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> In the end, both Nawabs—of Arcot and Sira—settled upon a joint invasion led by the former.<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> Krishnaraja Wodeyar I, for his part, was able to "buy off this formidable confederacy" by offering a tribute of Rs. 10&nbsp;million.<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> This outcome, however, made Mysore vulnerable to similar future claims, which, for example, were made successfully two years later by [[Maratha empire|Maratha]] raiders who appeared in the Mysore capital.<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /> The resulting depletion of the Mysore treasury led Mysore to itself attack and absorb the poligar chiefdom of [[Magadi]] to its north.<ref name="rice1897a-369-370" /><br />
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==Abdication of power==<br />
{{Harvnb|Wilks|1811}} gave a decidedly negative appraisal of the maharaja's character:<blockquote>"Whatever portion of vigour or of wisdom appeared in the conduct of this reign belonged exclusively to the ministers, who secured their own authority by appearing with affected humility to study in all things the inclinations and wishes of the Maharaja. Weak and capricious in his temper, he committed the most cruel excesses on the persons and property of those who approached him, and as quickly restored them to his favour. While no opposition was made to an establishment of almost incredible absurdity, amounting to a lakh of rupees annually, for the maintenance of an almshouse to feed beasts of prey, reptiles, and insects; he believed himself to be an unlimited despot; and, while amply supplied with the means of sensual pleasure, to which he devoted the largest portion of his time, he thought himself the greatest and the happiest of monarchs, without understanding, or caring to understand, during a reign of nineteen years, the troublesome details through which he was supplied with all that is necessary for animal gratification."</blockquote><br />
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According to {{Harvnb|Rice|1897a|pp=370}}, the Maharaja's lack of interest in the affairs of state, soon led two ''dalvoys,'' or ministers, Devaraja, the army chief, and his cousin, Nanjaraja, who was both the revenue minister and the privy councillor, to wield all authority in the kingdom. After Krishnaraja Wodeyar I's death in 1736, the ''dalvoys'' would appoint "puppet maharajas," and effectively rule Mysore until the rise of [[Haidar Ali]] in 1760.<br />
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[[File:SouthIndiaBetweenCarnaticWars.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Mughal provinces of Sira and Arcot shown in a map of South India at the time of the Anglo-French Wars in the Carnatic]]<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Province of Sira]]<br />
* [[History of Mysore and Coorg, 1565–1760]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
* {{Citation|last=Imperial Gazetteer of India: Provincial Series|title = Mysore and Coorg|year=1908|publisher=Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing. Pp. xvii, 365, 1 map.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lgO2AAAAIAAJ}}<br />
* {{Citation|last=Rice|first=Lewis|authorlink=Benjamin L. Rice|title=Mysore: A Gazetteer Compiled for the Government, Volume I, Mysore In General|year = 1897a|publisher=Westminster: Archibald Constable and Company. Pp. xix, 834|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kbQLAAAAIAAJ}}<br />
* {{Citation|last=Rice|first=Lewis|authorlink=Lewis Rice|title=Mysore: A Gazetteer Compiled for the Government, Volume II, Mysore, By Districts|year = 1897b|publisher=Westminster: Archibald Constable and Company. Pp. xii, 581|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FR1CAAAAIAAJ}}<br />
* {{Cite book|last=Wilks|first=Mark|authorlink=Mark Wilks|title=Historical Sketches of the South of India in an attempt to trace the History of Mysoor, Second Edition|location=Madras|publisher=Higginbotham and Co. Pp. xxxii, 527|origyear=1st edition: 1811, volume 1; 1817, volumes 2 and 3; second edition: 1869|year=1811|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SlzbN6GpTTQC}}<br />
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[[Category:Kings of Mysore]]<br />
[[Category:1702 births]]<br />
[[Category:1732 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:18th-century Indian monarchs]]</div>Delinker