DeangeloSchwing at 09:15, 6 March 2026

2026-03-06T09:15:38Z

New page

{{Short description|Ethnic group with origins in the Indian subcontinent}}
{{for|caste in India|Doma (caste)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Doms
| native_name = ''دومري'' <small>([[Domari language|Domari]])</small>
| flag =
| flag_caption =
| image = מאהל_צוענים_מצפון_לשער_שכם.jpg
| caption = Domari encampment north of the Damascus Gate in [[Jerusalem]] (1914)
| population = 2.2 million (estimated)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maltby |first=Kate |date=June 2014 |title=Bordering isolation: Attitudes to minorities in Turkey |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0306422014536301 |journal=Index on Censorship |language=en |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=62–66 |doi=10.1177/0306422014536301 |s2cid=147052237 |issn=0306-4220|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
| region1 = {{flagcountry|Syria}}
| pop1 = 300,000
| ref1 = <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tarlan |first=Kemal Vural |date=2017-01-01 |title=The Dom The Other Asylum Seekers from Syria Report.pdf |url=https://www.academia.edu/34780584 |journal=Kırkayak Kültür}}</ref>
| region2 = {{flagcountry|Iraq}}
| pop2 = 200,000
| ref2 = <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/5a53612a7.html|title=Refworld | World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Iraq : Roma|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|last=Refugees|website=Refworld}}</ref>
| region3 = {{flagcountry|Egypt}}
| pop3 = 100,000
| ref3 = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nehemiahteams.com/uploads/1/0/4/3/10430011/gypsy_domari_n_africa.pdf|title=Gypsy, Domari of Egypt|website=Nehemiahteams.com|access-date=16 July 2022}}</ref>
| region4 = {{flagcountry|Jordan}}
| pop4 = 70,000
| ref4 = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://assafirarabi.com/en/2561/2013/07/31/jordans-gypsies-maintain-identity-amid-stigmatization/ | title=Jordan's Gypsies Maintain Identity Amid Stigmatization | محمد الفضيلات | date=31 July 2013 |website=assafirarabi.com }}</ref>
| region5 = {{flagcountry|Sudan}}
| pop5 = 50,000
| ref5 = <ref name="auto1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=54gyRnhIugkC&dq=sudan+nawar+gypsies&pg=PA236|title=Peoples on the Move: Introducing the Nomads of the World|first=David J.|last=Phillips|date=6 September 2001|publisher=William Carey Library|isbn=978-0-87808-352-7 |via=Google Books}}</ref>
| region6 = {{flagcountry|Tunisia}}
| pop6 = 20,000
| ref6 = <ref name="auto1"/>
| region7 = {{flagcountry|Libya}}
| pop7 = 10,000
| ref7 = <ref name="auto1"/>
| region8 = {{flagcountry|Israel}}
| pop8 = 9,600
| ref8 = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11597/IS|title=Domari Romani in Israel | work=[[Joshua Project]] | publisher=[[U.S. Center for World Mission|Frontier Ventures]] | access-date=23 November 2022}}</ref>
| region9 = {{flagcountry|Lebanon}}
| pop9 = 8,000
| ref9 = <ref name=jp-ps>{{Cite web|url=https://wlcui.com/2014/06/11/the-gypsies-of-lebanon-with-estimated-number-of-8000-people-by-dr-g-a-williams/|title=The Gypsies of Lebanon, with estimated number of 8,000 people: By Dr. G. A. Williams|date=11 June 2014|website=WLCU|accessdate=25 February 2024}}</ref>
| region10 = {{flagcountry|Palestine}}
| pop10 = 700-7,900
| ref10 = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11597/WE|title=Domari Romani in West Bank / Gaza | work=[[Joshua Project]] | publisher=[[U.S. Center for World Mission|Frontier Ventures]] | access-date=30 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="alghoul">{{Cite news |last=al-Ghoul |first=Asmaa |date=June 14, 2013 |title=Gaza's Gypsies Face Daily Racism |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2013/06/gaza-gypsies-dom-racism.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730135050/https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2013/06/gaza-gypsies-dom-racism.html |archive-date=2021-07-30 |access-date=2025-08-31 |work=[[al-Monitor]]}}</ref>
| popplace = The [[Levant]], [[North Africa]], [[Eastern Anatolia Region|Eastern Anatolia]], [[Iraq]], and [[Azerbaijan]]
| langs = Majority: [[Domari language|Domari]]{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}}<br>Minority: [[Arabic language|Arabic]]{{·}}[[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]{{·}}[[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]
| rels = [[Islam]], [[irreligion]]<ref name="Ismaili 2013">{{cite book |author-last=Ismaili |author-first=Besa |chapter=Kosovo |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ia5AAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA369 |editor1-last=Nielsen |editor1-first=Jørgen S. |editor1-link=Jørgen S. Nielsen |editor2-last=Akgönül |editor2-first=Samim |editor3-last=Alibašić |editor3-first=Ahmet |editor4-last=Racius |editor4-first=Egdunas |year=2013 |title=Yearbook of Muslims in Europe |location=[[Leiden]] and [[Boston]] |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |volume=5 |pages=369–381 |doi=10.1163/9789004255869_025 |isbn=978-90-04-25586-9 |issn=1877-1432}}</ref>
| related-c = [[Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians]],<ref name="Ismaili 2013"/> [[Domba]],{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} [[Ghorbati]],{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} [[Lom people|Lom]],{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} [[Romani people|Romani]],{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} [[Abdal people (West Asia)|Abdals]]
}}

The '''Dom''' (also called '''Domi'''; {{langx|ar|[[wikt:دومي|دومي]]}} / [[ALA-LC]]: ''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Dūmī}}'', {{lang|ar|دومري}} / {{transliteration|ar|ALA|Dūmrī}}, '''Ḍom''' / {{lang|ar|ضوم}} or {{lang|ar|دوم}}, or sometimes also called '''Doms''') are descendants of the [[Doma (caste)|Dom caste]] with origins in the [[Indian subcontinent]], who through ancient migrations are found scattered across the [[Middle East and North Africa]], the [[Eastern Anatolia region]], [[Iraq]], and [[Azerbaijan]]. The traditional language of the Dom is [[Domari language|Domari]], an endangered [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]], thereby making the Dom an [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan ethnic group]].{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/345860|title=Türki̇ye'de Rom, Dom Ve Lom Gruplarinin Görünümü}}</ref>

The Doms were formerly grouped with other traditionally [[Itinerant groups in Europe|itinerant ethnic groups]] originating from [[medieval India]]: the [[Romani people|Rom]] and [[Lom people|Lom]] peoples.{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} However, these groups left India at different times and used different routes.<ref name="Hubschmannova"/> The Domari language has a separate origin in India from [[Romani language|Romani]].{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} Dom people do not identify themselves as Romanies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Özateşler |first=Gül |date=1 December 2013 |title=The "Ethnic Identification" Of Dom People In Diyarbakir |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cttad/issue/25624/270469 |journal=Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies |volume=13 |issue=27 |issn=1300-0756|page=279}}</ref>

== Culture ==
The Dom have an oral tradition and express their [[culture]] and history through music, poetry, and dance.{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} Initially, it was believed that they were a branch of the [[Romani people]], but recent studies of the Domari language suggest that they departed from the [[Indian subcontinent]]<ref name = What_is_Domari>{{cite web|title=Domari|url=http://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/files/21_domari.shtml|work=[romani] project|publisher=School of Languages, Linguistics, and Cultures The University of Manchester|access-date=26 December 2012|first=Yaron|last=Matras|date=December 2012|archive-date=20 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120230316/http://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/files/21_domari.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> at different times and using different routes.<ref name="Hubschmannova">{{Cite book |title=What is the Romani language? |date=2000 |publisher=Centre de recherches tsiganes |first1=Milena|last1=Hubschmannova|first2=Valdemar|last2=Kalinin|first3=Donald|last3=Kenrick |editor-first1=Peter|editor-last1=Bakker|editor-first2=Khristo|editor-last2=Kichukov |isbn=1-902806-06-9 |oclc=45827711|page=18}}</ref>

Among the various Domari subgroups, they were initially part of [[Ghawazi]] who were known for their dancing and music business.{{sfn|Matras|Tenser|2020|pages=14–17}} Some [[Muslim Roma]] may share Dom ancestry too, because in the travel book ''[[Seyahatnâme]]'', written by the [[Ottoman Turks|Ottoman Turkish]] traveller [[Evliya Çelebi]] in 1668, he explained that the Romani from [[Komotini]] (Gümülcine) believe that their ancestors originated in [[Egypt Eyalet|Ottoman Egypt]].<ref name="Friedman Dankoff 1991">{{cite journal |last1=Friedman |first1=Victor A. |author-link=Victor Friedman |last2=Dankoff |first2=Robert |author2-link=Robert Dankoff |title=The Earliest Text in Balkan (Rumelian) Romani: A Passage from Evliya Çelebi's ''Seyaḥât‑nâmeh'' |date=1991 |journal=Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society |series=Fifth Series |issn=0017-6087 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |url=https://static.hum.uchicago.edu//slavic/archived/papers/Friedman-OldestBalkRmiw-BDankoff.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119102833/https://static.hum.uchicago.edu//slavic/archived/papers/Friedman-OldestBalkRmiw-BDankoff.pdf |archive-date=2022-11-19 |url-status=live |via=The University of Chicago}}</ref> Also the sedentary Romani groups from [[Serres]] region in Greece believe their ancestors were once taken from Ottoman Egypt by the Turks after 1517 to [[Rumelia]], to work on the tobacco plantations of Turkish feudals that were based there.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241899210 |via=[[ResearchGate]]|doi=10.3828/rs.2011.2 |title=Sedentary Roma (Gypsies): The case of Serres (Greece) |year=2011 |last1=Zachos |first1=Dimitrios |journal=Romani Studies |volume=21 |pages=23–56 |s2cid=144321480 }}</ref>

[[Muslim Roma]] settled in [[Baranya (region)|Baranya]] and the city of [[Pécs]] in southwestern [[Hungary]]. After the [[Siege of Pécs]] (1686), when the [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburgs]] took it back, Muslim Roma and some other Muslim ethnic minorities [[Apostasy in Islam|abandoned Islam]] and [[Conversion to Christianity|converted to Christianity]], choosing the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic faith]] in the years 1686–1713.<ref name="Jahren 1686">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hh5kn25Dw98C&dq=pecs+1689&pg=PA88|title=Die Baranya in den Jahren 1686 bis 1713: Kontinuität und Wandel in einem ungarischen Komitat nach dem Abzug der Türken|first=Claus Heinrich|last=Gattermann|date=6 September 2005|publisher=Universitätsverlag Göttingen|isbn=978-3-938616-32-1 |via=Google Books}}</ref>{{Relevance inline|date=February 2025|reason=Doms and Roma, while related, are not the same ethnic group}} The Ghagar, a subgroup of the [[Doms in Egypt]], say that some of them went to Hungary.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Capt. Newbold |title= The Gypsies of Egypt |journal= The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |year= 1856 |volume= 16 |pages= 285–312 |doi= 10.1017/S0035869X00156382 |s2cid= 163220134 |jstor= 25228684 |url= https://www.jstor.org/stable/25228684 |access-date= 23 November 2023}}</ref>

Domari cuisine includes dishes such as Kufta bi Tahineh (meatballs in tahini sauce), [[musakhan]] (chicken with caramelized onions and almonds served on flatbread), and danan al aut (delicate dumplings). Reflecting their nomadic past and present-day community in Jerusalem, Domari cooking features spices from diverse regions and commonly uses seasonal vegetables, rice, and meat. The Domari Society, a non-profit organization based in Jerusalem, supports this distinctive culinary tradition by offering traditional Domari meals prepared by women from the community.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haaretz.com/2013-06-20/ty-article/.premium/eating-gypsy-cuisine-in-jerusalem/0000017f-ec98-d4a6-af7f-fede99cf0000|title=Romany Holiday - Haaretz Com - Haaretz.com}}</ref> Domari cuisine includes dishes influenced by local [[Arab cuisine]] and [[Palestinian cuisine]], such as stuffed vegetables like Mahshi Beitinjan and Kusa. Common ingredients include olive oil, yogurt, lemon juice, curry leaves, and dried mint. In Domari culture, food is not just about cooking but also about hospitality and sharing meals within the community. Despite living in very poor conditions, the Domari people value inviting others to eat together, as it brings happiness to all. Their spices originate from the various regions where nomadic Domari Gypsies have lived and have been handed down through generations.<ref>{{cite web | last=Sleem | first=Amoun | title=Jerusalem's Dom People | website=This Week in Palestine | date=2023-07-01 | url=https://thisweekinpalestine.com/jerusalems-dom-people/ | access-date=2025-09-06}}</ref>

Historically, earlier generations of the Dom were nomadic, engaging in nomadic professions such as blacksmithing, horse trading, music, dance, and animal healing. However, for more than a century, the Dom community has adopted a sedentary way of life.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.domarisociety.com/what-is-domari|title=→ What is Domari?|website=Domari Society of Gypsies in Jerusalem}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Middle East Gypsies | website=Kırkayak Kültür | date=2022-04-19 | url=http://www.kirkayak.org/dom-research-workshop/middle-east-gypsies/#:~:text=Dom%20can%20be%20seen%20among,with%20Palestinians%20and%20other%20migrants. | access-date=2025-09-06}}</ref>

==Language==
[[Domari language|Domari]] shows Turkic, Kurdish and Arabic influence.{{sfn|Law|2014|pp=138–139}} Domari in the Middle East is known as Nawari.{{sfn|Law|2014|pp=138–139}}

== Distribution ==
The Dom people, with an estimated population of 1.4 million,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.peoplegroups.org/Explore/groupdetails.aspx?peid=24575|title=PeopleGroups.org - Doms}}</ref> predominantly inhabit regions spanning [[Turkey]], [[Egypt]], [[Jordan]], [[Palestine (region)|Palestinian territories]], [[Israel]], [[Lebanon]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Iraq]] and [[Iran]]. The actual population is believed to surpass this estimate, given that some Dom individuals are left out of official national censuses, and others identify themselves using national labels rather than the term "Dom."<ref>{{Cite book |last=O'Haodha |first=Micheal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HSJJDAAAQBAJ&dq=%22dom%22+%222.2+million%22&pg=PA86 |title=Migrants and Memory: The Forgotten "Postcolonials" |date=2009-10-02 |publisher=[[Cambridge Scholars Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-4438-1474-4 |pages=86 |language=en}}</ref>

There is a large concentration of Doms in Jordan, where they call themselves ''Bani Murra''.<ref name="Marsh-Elin 2006">Marsh, Adrian & Strand, Elin (red.) (2006). ''Gypsies and the Problem of Identities: Contextual, Constructed and Contested''. Istanbul: Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul (Svenska forskningsinstitutet i Istanbul), [https://books.google.com/books?id=u52vzyK3v7EC&pg=PA207 p. 207]</ref> Researchers have written that "they accommodate [[Racism in the Arab world|Arab racism]] by hiding their ethnic identity", since they would not be accepted into [[Arab world|Arab societies]] once their true identity is revealed due to the [[anti-Romani sentiment]] that is prevalent in the Arab world.<ref name="Marsh-Elin 2006"/> Their community numbers around 70,000 in Jordan, according to estimates in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/culture/2013/08/jordan-roma-marginalized.html|title=Jordan's Gypsies Maintain Identity Amid Stigmatization|author=Mohammad Al-Fdeilat|publisher=Almonitor|access-date=10 April 2020|date=8 August 2013}}</ref>

A small community in [[east Jerusalem]] lives in [[Bab Huta]] neighborhood, in the [[Old City (Jerusalem)|Old City of Jerusalem]].<ref>Selig, Abe. {{citation | title=Jerusalem's Herod's Gate receives face-lift | url=http://www.jpost.com/LocalIsrael/InJerusalem/Article.aspx?id=179855 | access-date=2025-09-06 | page=}} 06/29/2010. Jerusalem Post</ref><ref>A People Apart: The Romani community seeks recognition. By Eetta Prince-Gibson. Dom Research Center. 2001</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Rubinstein | first=Danny | title=People Steve Sabella: Blurring the Lines | website=Haaretz.com | date=2005-11-03 | url=https://www.haaretz.com/2005-11-03/ty-article/people-steve-sabella-blurring-the-lines/0000017f-f689-d318-afff-f7ebf6170000 | access-date=2025-09-06|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Joseph B. Glass and Rassem Khamaisi. Report on the Socio-Economic Conditions in the Old City of Jerusalem. Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto. p.4</ref> The population in Jerusalem is around 15,000.<ref name="idjor23">{{Cite web |date=13 May 2020 |title= The social exclusion of the Domari society of Gypsies in Jerusalem |url=https://www.identitiesjournal.com/blog-collection/the-social-exclusion-of-the-domari-society-of-gypsies-in-jerusalem |access-date=2021-05-16 |website=Identities Journal}}</ref>

The population in Lebanon is estimated to be around 3,112.<ref name="irini23">{{Cite report |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/4e4b919c2.html |title=Lebanon: "Acute social marginalization" of Dom community |date=11 July 2011 |publisher=IRIN |access-date=2021-05-18}}</ref>

The population of Doms in the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza Strip]] is estimated to be about 7900.<ref name="alghoul" />

==Al-Nawar==
'''''Al-Nawar''''' ({{langx|ar|نور}}) is an Arabic term for several nomad communities used primarily in [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], and [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]].{{sfn|Berland|Rao|2004|p=71}} The term, regarded as derogatory, is used by Arabs for several diverse ethnic groups.{{sfn|Berland|Rao|2004|p=71}} They have historically been called "Gypsies", though as a whole they are not [[Romani people|Romani]]. The Dom people are especially known as Nawar.{{sfn|Law|2014|pp=138–139}} While both they and Romani people originated from the [[Indian subcontinent]], they came from two drastically different ethnicities and cultures. The Nawar in Palestine are also known as ''Ghajars'' (gypsies).{{sfn|Law|2014|pp=138–139}}

The ''Nawar'' in Syria number 100,000 to 250,000 people according to estimations.{{sfn|Berland|Rao|2004|p=73}} The vast majority is sedentary.{{sfn|Berland|Rao|2004|p=73}}

==Notable people==
* [[Bilal (Lebanese singer)|Bilal]]

==See also==
* [[Doms in Egypt]]
* [[Doms in Iraq]]
* [[Doms in Israel]]
* [[Doms in Jordan]]
* [[Doms in Lebanon]]
* [[Doms in Libya]]
* [[Doms in Palestine]]
* [[Doms in Sudan]]
* [[Doms in Syria]]
* [[Doms in Tunisia]]
* [[Ghorbati]], community in Iran and Afghanistan
* [[History of the Romani people]]
* [[Sinti]]
* [[Zott]]
* [[Zuṭṭ]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Sources ===
*{{cite book|last1=Berland|last2=Rao|first2=Aparna|title=Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia|first1=Joseph C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CAv53wlHfoC&pg=PA71|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-89789-771-6|pages=71–74|author-link2=Aparna Rao}}
*{{cite book|last=Law|first=Ian|title=Mediterranean Racisms: Connections and Complexities in the Racialization of the Mediterranean Region|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RgZHBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT139|date=17 October 2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-26348-3|pages=139–}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Matras |editor1-first=Yaron |editor2-last=Tenser |editor2-first=Anton |year=2020 |title=The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2vDDwAAQBAJ |location=[[Basingstoke]] |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-28105-2 |isbn=978-3-030-28107-6}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last=Commins |first=David Dean |title=Historical dictionary of Syria |edition=2nd |publisher=Scarecrow Press |publication-place=Lanham, Md. |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8108-4934-1 |oclc=1193950421 |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000comm_t5x7 |url-access=registration |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite book |last=Gazzal |first=Benoit |chapter=Musiques nawar entre tradition et modernité |editor-last=Dupret |editor-first=Baudouin |title=La Syrie au présent: Reflets d'une société |publisher=Actes sud ; Sindbad |publication-place=Arles, Paris |year=2007 |isbn=978-2-7427-6852-3 |oclc=159955337 |language=fr}}
* {{cite book |last1=Marushiakova |first1=Elena |last2=Popov |first2=Vesselin |title=Gypsies in Central Asia and the Caucasus |publisher=Springer International Publishing |publication-place=Cham |date=2016 |isbn=978-3-319-41056-2 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-41057-9 |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-41057-9 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2025-12-05 |oclc=7323759790}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Marushiakova |first1=Elena |last2=Popov |first2=Vesselin |author5=Institute of Ethnology and Social Anthropology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 64 Bratislava, Slovak Republic |title=Dom/Garachi in Azerbaijan among the Dom Communities in the Middle East and North Africa |journal=Kulturní studia |volume=2025 |issue=1 |date=2025-05-01 |doi=10.7160/KS.2025-01(24).01 |pages=3–37 |url=https://kulturnistudia.cz/dom-garachi-in-azerbaijan-among-the-dom-communities-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |oclc=10938870580|doi-access=free }}
* {{cite web |editor-last=Tarlan |editor-first=Kemal Vural |title=The 'Other' Asylum Seekers from Syria: Discrimination, Isolation, and Social Exclusion. Syrian Dom Asylum Seekers in the Crossfire |url=https://www.academia.edu/34780584 |date=2017-10-06 |website=Academia.edu |publisher=Kirkayak Kültürs}}
* {{cite web |editor-last=Tarlan |editor-first=Kemal Vural |title=Encouraging Integration and Social Cohesion of Syrian Dom Immigrants |website=middleeastgypsies.com |url=http://www.middleeastgypsies.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DOM-RAPOR-EN.pdf |date=2019-10-08 |publisher=Kirkayak Kültür / Center for Migration and Cultural Studies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225093734/http://www.middleeastgypsies.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DOM-RAPOR-EN.pdf |archive-date=2021-02-25 |url-status=dead}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.domresearchcenter.com/ Dom Research Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719022034/http://www.domresearchcenter.com/ |date=19 July 2012 }}
* [http://www.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.php?id=2209&ed=144&edid=144 "The Gypsies of Jerusalem: the Forgotten People" By Amoun Sleem]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091026234232/http://geocities.com/domarisociety/ Domari The society of Gypsies in Jerusalem]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093040/http://www.valery-novoselsky.org/israelroma.html "The Gypsy People of Israel, Gaza & the West Bank" by Valery Novoselsky]
* [http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4445701,00.html "Evolving, educating: Israel's Gypsy community" by Roi Mandel]
* [http://www.insanassociation.org/en/images/The_Dom_People_and_their_Children_in_lebanon.pdf "The Dom People and their Children in Lebanon" by Terre des Hommes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521063734/http://www.insanassociation.org/en/images/The_Dom_People_and_their_Children_in_lebanon.pdf |date=21 May 2021 }}
* [http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/current.html "From The Occupation of Iraq to 'The Arab Spring': Gypsies in the Middle East" by Kemal Vural Tarlan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126145121/http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/current.html |date=26 January 2021 }}
* [http://www.middleeastgypsies.com Middle East Gypsies]

{{Dom people}}
{{Romani diaspora}}
{{Africa topic}}
{{Asia topic}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dom People}}
[[Category:Dom people| ]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan peoples]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in Asia]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in Europe]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups divided by international borders]]

Dom people - Revision history

DeangeloSchwing at 09:15, 6 March 2026