https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Dougla_peopleDougla people - Revision history2026-07-31T16:06:32ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Dougla_people&diff=457489&oldid=prevJoseph Patricio at 20:10, 19 February 20262026-02-19T20:10:53Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Caribbean people of mixed African and Indian descent}}<br />
{{EngvarB|date=December 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox ethnic group<br />
| group = Dougla people<br />
| image = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| population =<br />
| regions = [[Caribbean]]<br>(notably in [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Guyana]], [[Suriname]], [[Jamaica]], [[Saint Lucia]], [[Grenada]],[[Guadeloupe]], and [[Martinique]])<br><br />
Diaspora in the [[United States]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[Canada]], and the [[Netherlands]]<br />
| languages = [[Caribbean English]] (predominantly [[Trinidadian Creole]], [[Guyanese Creole]], [[Sranan Tongo]], [[Jamaican Patois]], [[Saint Lucian Creole]]), [[French language|French]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Papiamento]], [[Caribbean Hindustani]]<br />
| religions = {{hlist|[[Christianity]]|[[Hinduism]]|[[Islam]]|[[African diaspora religions|Afro-American religions]]|[[Irreligion]]}}<br />
| related_groups = [[Afro-Caribbean people|Afro-Caribbeans]], [[Indo-Caribbean people|Indo-Caribbeans]]<br />
| footnotes =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Dougla''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|d|oʊ|g|l|ə}} {{endash}} from [[Caribbean Hindustani]] {{lang|hns|dugalaa}} 'mixed') is a term used to describe people who are of mixed [[Afro-Caribbean people|African]] and [[Indo-Caribbean people|Indian]] descent.<br />
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==Definition==<br />
The word ''Dougla'' originated from '''dogala''' ({{lang|hns|दोगला}}), which is a [[Caribbean Hindustani]] word that literally means "two-necks" and may mean "many", "much" or "a mix" (literally bastard, of two fathers).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__id65WNktsC&q=doogala+meaning&pg=PT134|title=Rice and Beans: A Unique Dish in a Hundred Places|last1=Wilk|first1=Richard|last2=Barbosa|first2=Livia|date=2013-05-09|publisher=Berg|isbn=9781847889058|language=en}}</ref> Its etymological roots are cognate with the Hindi "do" meaning "two" and "gala", which means "throat". Within the West Indies context, the word is used only for one type of [[multiracial people|mixed race]] people: Afro-Indians.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dictionary of the English/Creole of Trinidad & Tobago|first=Lise|last=Winer|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|location=Montreal|date=2009|isbn=978-0-7735-3406-3|page=311}}</ref><br />
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The 2012 Guyana census identified 29.25% of the population as [[Afro-Guyanese people|Afro-Guyanese]], 39.83% as [[Indo-Guyanese]], and 19.88% as "mixed," recognized as mostly representing the offspring of the former two groups.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://statisticsguyana.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Final_2012_Census_Compendium2.pdf |title=2012 Census Compendium 2: Computation Composition |last=Bureau of Statistics, Guyana |date=July 2016 |access-date=2022-12-04 |archive-date=2021-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105002255/https://statisticsguyana.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Final_2012_Census_Compendium2.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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In the [[French West Indies]] ([[Guadeloupe]], [[Martinique]]), Afro-Indian people used to be referred to as '''Batazendyen''' or '''Chapé-Kouli.'''<br />
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==History==<br />
There are sporadic records of Indo-Euro interracial relationships, both consensual and nonconsensual, before any ethnic mixing of the African and Indian variety.<ref>{{cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=--j6DAAAQBAJ|title= The Trinidad Dougla: Identity, Ethnicity and Lexical Choice|isbn= 9781443898997|last1= Regis|first1= Ferne Louanne|date= 17 August 2016|publisher= Cambridge Scholars}}</ref><br />
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Other Indo-based types of mixed heritage (Indo-Chinese ([[Chindians]]), [[Asian Latin Americans|Indo-Latino/Hispanic]] (Tegli), Indo-English ([[Anglo-Indian]]s), Indo-Portuguese ([[Luso-Indian]]s), Indo-Irish ([[Irish Indians]]), Indo-Scottish ([[Scottish-Indian]]s), Indo-[[Dutch people|Dutch]], Indo-[[Arabs]] and Indo-[[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Amerindian]]) tended to identify as one of the older, unmixed ethnic strains on the island: Afro, Indo, Amerindian or Euro or [[Passing (sociology)|passing as one of them]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.trinidadandtobagonews.com/forum/webbbs_config.pl?md=read;id=2849|title=Dougla dilemma|website=www.trinidadandtobagonews.com}}</ref><br />
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==Notable Douglas==<br />
{{Main|List of Dougla people}}<br />
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==See also==<br />
{{Portal|India|Africa|Caribbean}}<br />
* [[Indo-African (disambiguation)]]<br />
* [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian]]<br />
* [[Afro–Trinidadians and Tobagonians|Afro-Trinidadian and Tobagonian]]<br />
* [[Indo-Caribbean people|Indo-Caribbean]]<br />
* [[Afro-Caribbean people|Afro-Caribbean]] <br />
* [[Marabou (ethnicity)]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Further reading==<br />
* Barratt, Sue A, and Aleah N. Ranjitsingh. ''Dougla in the Twenty-First Century: Adding to the Mix''. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2021. {{ISBN|9781496833709}}. See also CUNY Asian and Asian American Research Institute [https://aaari.info/21-11-12barratt-ranjitsingh/ author interview] on 19 November 2021.<br />
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{{Ethnic groups in Trinidad and Tobago}}<br />
{{African diaspora}}<br />
{{Indian diaspora}}<br />
{{Overseas Asians}}{{Multiethnicity}}<br />
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Trinidad and Tobago]]<br />
[[Category:Multiracial affairs in the Caribbean]]<br />
[[Category:Multiracial affairs in South America]]<br />
[[Category:People of Dougla descent|*]]<br />
[[Category:Indian diaspora in the Caribbean]]<br />
[[Category:African diaspora in the Caribbean]]</div>Joseph Patricio