>Citation bot at 17:45, 20 September 2021

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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Durbuk
| other_name = Darbuk
| native_name = Rdo-khug, Hdor-khug
| native_name_lang = Ladakhi
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| etymology =
| pushpin_map = India Ladakh#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Ladakh
| coordinates = {{coord|34.1206|78.1034|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|Union Territory]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Ladakh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Leh district|Leh]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 = Durbuk<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/village/|title=Villages | District Leh, Union Territory of Ladakh | India}}</ref>
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = [[Panchayat]]
| seat =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m = 3800
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 852
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = 
| area_code =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Census of India|Census]] code
| blank_info_sec1 = 873
| footnotes =
}}

'''Durbuk''' or '''Darbuk''',{{efn|In old British documents, the name is spelt as '''Durgu''',{{sfnp|Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak|1890|p=311}}{{sfnp|Moorcroft & Trebeck, Travels in the Himalayan Provinces, Vol. 1|1841|p=433}} '''Durgo''',{{sfnp|Godwin-Austen, Notes on the Pangong Lake District|1867|p=344}} or '''Durgukh'''.{{sfnp|Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak|1890|p=311}}{{sfnp|Moorcroft & Trebeck, Travels in the Himalayan Provinces, Vol. 1|1841|p=433}} The traditional name is '''''Hdor-khug''''' also spelt '''''Rdo-khug'''''.{{sfnp|Francke, Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2|1926|pp=136, 137}}}} is a village and the headquarters of the [[eponymous]] [[Leh district#subdivision|subdivision]] and [[Community development block in India|block]] in the [[Leh district]] of [[Ladakh]], [[India]].<ref>
{{cite web |title=Blockwise Village Amenity Directory |publisher=Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council 2014–15 |url=http://leh.nic.in/depts/villageamenitydirectory.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403131559/https://leh.nic.in/depts/villageamenitydirectory.pdf |archive-date=3 April 2018}}
</ref><ref name="Leh subdivisions">
[https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/subdivision-blocks/ Leh subdivision-blocks].
</ref> It is located in the Durbuk [[tehsil]], and falls between [[Chang La]] mountain pass and [[Tangste]] village on the way to [[Pangong Tso]] Lake.

Darbok is a strategic location as the 255 km long [[Darbuk–Shyok–DBO Road]] in the north, connects it to the [[Shyok (village)|Shyok village]] village 16 km away and beyond to [[Daulat Beg Oldi]] (DBO) military post on the China border.<ref name=Tribune>
[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/india-completes-vital-ladakh-road-762332#:~:text=Building%20the%20DS%2DDBO%20section,(SSN)%20by%20the%20military.&text=The%20road%20alignment%20was%20too,and%20had%20got%20washed%20away. India completes vital Ladakh road], The Tribune, 23 April 2019.
</ref><ref name=HT>
[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-working-on-two-roads-in-ladakh-amid-border-row/story-lAh4LPrp20Z1wxX4AU9EON.html India working on two roads in Ladakh amid border row], Hindustan Times, 9 July 2020.
</ref>

== Geography ==
[[File:Map of Tibet and Pangong Lake in 1873 from Hindutagh-pass-aksai-chin-center2-1873 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|280px|Trade routes from Ladakh (Durbuk to the north of Tankse is unmarked)]]
Durbuk is at a key location between the Indus Valley to the west, the [[Shyok Valley]] to the east and the [[Pangong Lake]] region to the south. The trade routes to [[Yarkent|Yarkand]] (via the Shyok Valley) as well as [[Rudok]] (via the Pangong Lake) passed through here.{{efn|There were three routes from the Indus Valley to the Shyok Valley, via the [[Khardung La]], the [[Digar La]] and the [[Chang La]]. Khardung La was most frequently used for the summer route and Chang La, via Durbuk, for the winter route. {{harvcol|Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak|1890|pp=563–564}}}}

Durbuk lies in the valley of the [[Tangtse River]], which is described as "well-cultivated" in the British sources. The river is also said to be swarming with fish.{{sfnp|Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak|1890|p=311}} [[H. H. Godwin-Austen|Godwin-Austen]] believed that the valley must have been the bed of a lake at some point in the past.{{sfnp|Godwin-Austen, Notes on the Pangong Lake District|1867|pp=344–345}}

The Tangtse River originates in the Loi Yogma valley to the southwest of [[Tangtse]], and flows past the Tangtse and Durbuk villages to join the Shyok River. After Durbuk, the river bends sharply to the right and flows in a 400–500 m. gorge for 12 km.<ref>{{citation |first1=Binita |last1=Phartiyal |first2=Randheer |last2=Singh |first3=Debarati |last3=Nag |chapter=Trans- and Tethyan Himalayan Rivers: In Reference to Ladakh and Lahaul-Spiti, NW Himalaya |editor=Dhruv Sen Singh |title=The Indian Rivers: Scientific and Socio-economic Aspects |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ridFDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA375 |year=2017 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-981-10-2984-4 |pages=375–376}}</ref> At Durbuk, it also receives on the left a small stream that originates below the [[Chang La]].{{sfnp|Moorcroft & Trebeck, Travels in the Himalayan Provinces, Vol. 1|1841|p=433}}

In historical sources Durbuk is sometimes referred to as "Dumra" (''Ldum-ra'' or [[Nubra]]), which is really the name of the Shyok River valley.{{efn|For example,
* "Prince Tshe-dban-rab-brtan fled to Spi-ti, passing through Ldum-ra [Dumra] and Dran-tse [Tangtse]". {{harvcol|Francke, Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2|1926|p=130}}
* "The Tibetan soldiers pursued the remaining troops as far as a place called Dumra, just one day's journey from Leh, where the Tibetan army pitched their camp." {{harvcol|Shakabpa, One Hundred Thousand Moons|2009|pp=583–584}}}} It is possible that Durbuk might have been part of the Nubra chieftaincies in the past. [[Alexander Cunningham]] includes Durbuk within Nubra.{{sfnp|Cunningham, Ladak|1854|p=21}}

=== Transportation ===
In the preset time, Durbuk is connected to all parts of Ladakh by road. A southwest road to [[Karu, Ladakh|Karu]] connects it to the Indus river valley, thence to [[Leh]] and [[Kargil]]. Another southeast road connects it to the [[Pangong Tso]] and [[Chushul]]. A northwest road along the western branch of the Shyok River connects it to [[Diskit]] and [[Turtuk]].

The 235 km long [[Darbuk–Shyok–DBO Road]] in the north, connects it to places on the eastern branch of the Shyok River, including the [[Shyok (village)|Shyok village]] 16 km to the north and further north to [[Daulat Beg Oldi]] (DBO) military post on the China border. The stretch between Shyok and DBO is also called Sub-Sector North (SSN) by the [[Indian Military]], and is off-limits to civilians.<ref name=Tribune/>

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 census of India]], Durbuk{{efn|The Census of India spells the name as '''Durbok'''.}} has 160 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 66.62%.<ref name="census_2011"/>

{| class="wikitable collapsed sortable"
|+ Demographics (2011 Census)<ref name="census_2011">{{cite news |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/datagov/CDB_PCA_Census/PCA_CDB_0103_F_Census.xls |title=Leh district census |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |access-date=2015-07-23 }}</ref>
! !! Total !! Male !! Female
|-
| Population || 852 || 416 || 436
|-
| Children aged below 6 years || 85 || 40 || 45
|-
| [[Scheduled caste]] || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[Scheduled tribe]] || 846 || 414 || 432
|-
| Literates || 511 || 298 || 213
|-
| Workers (all) || 502 || 274 || 228
|-
| Main workers (total) || 303 || 200 || 103
|-
| Main workers: Cultivators || 134 || 96 || 38
|-
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers || 5 || 4 || 1
|-
| Main workers: Household industry workers || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| Main workers: Other || 164 || 100 || 64
|-
| Marginal workers (total) || 199 || 74 || 125
|-
| Marginal workers: Cultivators || 165 || 68 || 97
|-
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers || 5 || 0 || 5
|-
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers || 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Marginal workers: Others || 27 || 5 || 22
|-
| Non-workers || 350 || 142 || 208
|}

== Villages in Durbuk subdivision ==
{{OSM Location map
|float =
|height= 300
|width= 400
| coord = {{coord|33.8351|78.4410}}

| minimap = file bottom left 
| mini-file = Jammu and Kashmir Leh district.svg
| mini-width = 110
|mini-height = 90 
| minipog-gx = 80 
| minipog-gy = 55 

| mark-coord = {{coord|34.0301500|78.1677300}} |label =Tangtse |label-pos = left | mark-size = 10| mark = Red pog.svg | mark-title = Tangtse| mark-description=

| mark-coord1 = {{coord|33.9898081|78.1073749}}| caption1 = Shachukul|label1=Shachukul|label-pos1 = right | mark-size1 = 10 | mark-title1 = Shachukul | mark-description1=

| mark-coord2 = {{coord|34.1205908|78.1034063}}| caption2 =Darbuk|label2=Darbuk|label-pos2 = left | mark-size2 = 10| mark2 = Red pog.svg | mark-title2 = Darbuk | mark-description2=

| mark-coord3 = {{coord|33.8706472|78.2924151}}| caption3 =Kargyam |label3=Kargyam |label-pos3 = right| mark-size3 = 10| mark3 = Red pog.svg | mark-title3 = Kargyam | mark-description3=

| mark-coord4 = {{coord|33.8611331|78.5262604}} | caption4 = Man Pangong|label4=Man Pangong |label-pos4 = right | mark-size4 = 10| mark4 = Red pog.svg | mark-title4 = Man Pangong | mark-description4=

| mark-coord5 = {{coord|33.556|78.722}}| caption5 =Chushul |label5= Chushul |label-pos5 = right | mark-size5 = 10| mark5 = Red pog.svg | mark-title5 = Chushul| mark-description5=

| zoom = 9 
| caption = Villages in Durbuk Subdivision
}}

* [[Kargyam]]
* [[Man Pangong]]
* Shachukul
* [[Tangtse|Tangste]]
* [[Chushul]]
* Durbuk

== See also==
* [[India-China Border Roads]]
* [[Line of Actual Control]]
* [[Sino-Indian border dispute]]
* [[List of disputed territories of India]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

{{clear}}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |title=Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.43256/page/n7 |publisher=Superintendent of Government Printing |location=Calcutta |year=1890 |ref={{sfnref|Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak|1890}}}}
* {{citation |last=Cunningham |first=Alexander |title=Ladak: Physical, Statistical, Historical |publisher=Wm. H. Allen and Co |location=London |year=1854 |url=https://archive.org/details/ladakphysicalsta00cunnrich |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Cunningham, Ladak|1854}}}}
* {{cite book |last=Francke |first=August Hermann |author-link=A. H. Francke |title=Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2 |publisher=Government Printing |location=Calcutta |year=1926 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.24327 |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Francke, Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2|1926}}}}
* {{citation |last=Godwin-Austen |first=H. H. |title=Notes on the Pangong Lake District of Ladakh, from a Journal made during a Survey in 1863 |journal=The Journal of the Royal Geographic Society of London |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lwMAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA351 |year=1867 |volume=37 |publisher=J. Murray |location=London |pages=343–363 |doi=10.2307/1798534 |jstor=1798534 |ref={{sfnref|Godwin-Austen, Notes on the Pangong Lake District|1867}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Moorcroft |first1=William |last2=Trebeck |first2=George |title=Travels in the Himalayan Provinces of Hindustan and the Punjab in Ladakh and Kashmir: In Peshawar, Kabul, Kunduz and Bokhara from 1819 to 1825, Volume 1 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.284643 |via=archive.org |year=2004 |location=London |publisher=John Murray |isbn=978-81-206-0497-1 |ref={{sfnref|Moorcroft & Trebeck, Travels in the Himalayan Provinces, Vol. 1|1841}}}}
* {{citation |last=Shakabpa |first=Tsepon Wangchuk Deden |title=One Hundred Thousand Moons: An Advanced Political History of Tibet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGyrymfDdI0C |year=2009 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-17732-1 |ref={{sfnref|Shakabpa, One Hundred Thousand Moons|2009}}}}

{{Ladakh}}
{{Leh district}}

[[Category:Villages in Durbuk tehsil]]

Durbuk - Revision history

>Citation bot at 17:45, 20 September 2021