https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Dysphaea_ethelaDysphaea ethela - Revision history2026-08-02T20:09:43ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Dysphaea_ethela&diff=200962&oldid=prev>ShortDescBot at 08:50, 16 March 20212021-03-16T08:50:08Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Species of damselfly}}<br />
{{Taxobox<br />
| image = Black Torrent Dart (Dysphaea ethela) male. (25602242838).jpg <br />
| image_caption= Male<br />
| image2 = Dysphaea ethela - female 3(vagamon).jpg<br />
| image2_caption= Female<br />
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1<br />
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>Dow, R.A. 2019. Dysphaea ethela. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T163734A122208779. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T163734A122208779.en. Downloaded on 26 July 2019.</ref><br />
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia<br />
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a<br />
| classis = [[Insect]]a<br />
| ordo = [[Odonata]]<br />
| subordo = [[Zygoptera]]<br />
| familia = [[Euphaeidae]]<br />
| genus = ''[[Dysphaea]]''<br />
| species = '''''D. ethela'''''<br />
| binomial = ''Dysphaea ethela''<br />
| binomial_authority = Fraser, 1924<ref name=Fraser-WG/> <br />
| synonyms =<br />
}}<br />
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'''''Dysphaea ethela''''',<ref name=wol>{{World Odonata List}}</ref><ref name=iucn/> '''black torrent dart''',<ref name=ibp/><ref name=ifb/> is a species of [[damselflies|damselfly]] in the family [[Euphaeidae]]. The insect is named after [[Frederic Charles Fraser]]'s wife, Ethel Grace Fraser ([[Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names|née]] Varrall) (1881-1960), a constant companion of his collecting trips in [[India]].<ref name=Fraser-WG/><ref name="IDF2015">{{cite journal |last1=Hämäläinen |first1=Matti |title=Catalogue of individuals commemorated in the scientific names of extant dragonflies, including lists of all available eponymous species-group and genus-group names |journal=International Dragonfly Fund (IDF) - Report |date=2015 |volume=80 |pages=1–168 |url=http://www.dragonflyfund.org/images/reports/IDF_Report_80_Hamalainen_2015_small.pdf |issn = 1435-3393|access-date=18 September 2020}}</ref><br />
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It is found in [[Karnataka]] and [[Kerala]] and [[Tamil Nadu]] in [[Western Ghats]].<ref name=iucn/> This species is also known from the [[Eastern Ghats]] and central [[India]].<ref name=ias/><ref name=ibp/><ref name=atlas>{{cite book |last1=K.A. |first1=Subramanian |last2=K.G. |first2=Emiliyamma |last3=R. |first3=Babu |last4=C. |first4=Radhakrishnan |last5=S.S. |first5=Talmale |title=Atlas of Odonata (Insecta) of the Western Ghats, India |date=2018 |publisher=Zoological Survey of India |isbn=9788181714954|pages=82–83}}</ref><br />
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==Description==<br />
It is a medium sized damselfly with black head and brown-capped pale grey eyes. Its thorax is black, marked with narrow antehumeral and humeral greenish-yellow stripes. There are another yellow stripes on the base of lateral sides. These marks will get obscured by [[pruinescence]] in old males. Wings are transparent; but evenly enfumed with brown. Abdomen is black, marked with yellow apical annules up to segment 8. There are yellow lateral stripes up to segment 6. Anal appendages are black.<ref name=Fraser/> <br />
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Female is short and robust; the yellow marks are more broad and vivid. The yellow lateral stripes continued to segment 7. Segment 8 has a narrow and 9 has a broad yellow apical annule, covering dorsal half.<ref name=Fraser/> <br />
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==Habitat== <br />
It breeds in streams and rivers. Commonly seen perched on reeds or bushes on the river's bank or settled on rocks far inside the stream.<ref name=Fraser>{{cite book|author=C FC Lt. Fraser|author-link=Frederic Charles Fraser|title=The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma, Odonata Vol. II|publisher=Taylor and Francis|location=Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London|year=1934|pages=[https://archive.org/details/FraserOdonata2/page/n115 92]-94|url=https://archive.org/details/FraserOdonata2}}</ref><ref name=Fraser-WG>{{cite book|author=C FC Lt. Fraser|author-link=Frederic Charles Fraser|title=A Survey of the Odonate (Dragonfly) Fauna of Western India and Descriptions of Thirty New Species|year=1924|pages=480–481|url=http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/026/05/0423-0522.pdf}}</ref><ref name=ias>{{cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. A.|title=Dragonflies and Damselflies of Peninsular India - A Field Guide|year=2005|url=http://www.ias.ac.in/Publications/Overview/Dragonflies}}</ref><ref name=ibp>{{cite web<br />
|url=http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/227040|title=Dysphaea ethela Fraser, 1924|publisher=India Biodiversity Portal|access-date=2017-03-07}}</ref><ref name=ifb>{{cite web<br />
|url=http://www.indianodonata.org/sp/275/Dysphaea-ethela|title=Dysphaea ethela Fraser, 1924|publisher=Odonata of India, v. 1.00. Indian Foundation for Butterflies|access-date=2017-03-07}}</ref><br />
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<gallery caption="The female laying eggs on a submerged plants in a slow flowing stream"><br />
File:Black torrent dart - Dysphaea ethela female.jpg<br />
File:Black torrent dart (Dysphaea ethela) female.jpg<br />
File:Dysphaea ethela - Black torrent dart female.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[List of odonates of India]]<br />
* [[List of odonata of Kerala]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
{{Wikispecies-inline|Dysphaea ethela}}<br />
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{{Commonscat-inline|Dysphaea ethela}}<br />
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2088979}}<br />
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[[Category:Euphaeidae]]<br />
[[Category:Insects described in 1924]]<br />
[[Category:Taxa named by Frederic Charles Fraser]]<br />
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{{Calopterygoidea-stub}}</div>>ShortDescBot