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{{Infobox economy
| country = Kolkata
| image = Skyline Kolkata City of Joy.png
| image_size = 350px
| caption = [[Central Business District]] of Kolkata
| year = 1 April – 31 March
| currency = [[Indian Rupee]] (INR, ₹)
| group =
| population = '''2011 census''': {{decrease}} 4,496,694 (city proper) {{increase}} 14,112,536 (metro) {{increase}} 14,617,882 (Extended UA) '''2023 estimate''': {{increase}} 6,200,000 (city proper) {{increase}} 15,333,000 (metro)
| gdp = {{increase}} $220 billion [[GDP]] ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Metropolitan Cities In India 2024 |date=4 March 2024 |url=https://www.homebazaar.com/knowledge/list-of-metropolitan-cities-in-india/}}</ref>
| gdp rank = 
| growth = {{increase}} 11.54% <ref>{{Cite web |title=Basic information about West Bengal |url=https://slbcbengal.pnb.in/StateEconomy.asp}}</ref>
| per capita = $14,348 ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| components =
| poverty = {{decreasepositive}} 2.54% <ref>{{cite web | title = NITI Aayog| url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2023-08/India-National-Multidimentional-Poverty-Index-2023.pdf}}</ref>
| gini =
| inflation =
| bankrate =
| hdi = {{increase}} 0.917
| labor =
| occupations =
| unemployment =
| average gross salary =
| gross median =
| average net salary =
| net median =
| industries = Coal Steel Manufacturing Leather IT Food processing Textile
| exports = {{INRConvert|38917|c}}
| imports =
| import-goods =
| import-partners =
| FDI =
| current account =
| gross external debt =
| NIIP =
| debt =
| aid =
| credit =
| spelling = Oxford
| presentUS$asdefault = no
}}
[[Kolkata]] is the prime business, commercial and financial hub of [[East India|eastern India]] and the main hub of communication for the [[Northeast India|North East Indian]] states.<ref name="worldbank2016">{{cite web |url= https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2016/04/19/better-integrated-transport-modes-will-help-reinvent-kolkata |title= Better Integrated Transport Modes will Help Reinvent Kolkata|date= 20 April 2016 |publisher= [[World Bank]] |access-date= 9 February 2020 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190327204243/http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2016/04/19/better-integrated-transport-modes-will-help-reinvent-kolkata |archive-date= 27 March 2019|df= dmy-all }}</ref> [[Kolkata]], with a [[GDP]] ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]]) of $220 billion (as of 2024)<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Metropolitan Cities In India 2024 |date=4 March 2024 |url=https://www.homebazaar.com/knowledge/list-of-metropolitan-cities-in-india/}}</ref> is home to [[India]]'s oldest, stock exchange company (bourse)<ref>[http://www.cse-india.com/cse_factbook.htm CSE Factbook]. Calcutta Stock Exchange Association Ltd.</ref> – The [[Calcutta Stock Exchange]].<ref name=" World Bank and International Financial Corporation ">{{cite web|url= http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/WBG/DoingBusiness/Documents/Subnational-Reports/DB09-Sub-India.pdf |title= Doing Business in India 2009|publisher=[[World Bank]]|access-date=8 June 2010}}</ref> Kolkata is home to many industrial units operated by large public- and private-sector corporations; major sectors include [[steel]], [[Heavy equipment|heavy engineering]], [[mining]], [[mineral]]s, [[cement]], [[Pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceuticals]], [[food processing]], [[agriculture]], electronics, textiles, and jute.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Cities Index |url=https://www.oxfordeconomics.com/global-cities-index/ |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=Oxford Economics |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Background==
[[File:Tata Centre - 43 Chowringhee Road - Kolkata 2013-01-05 2429.JPG|thumb|[[Tata Centre]], JL Nehru Road]]

[[Kolkata]] was the capital of the [[British Indian Empire]] until 1911. Throughout the British Raj, the city was a major port and commercial center in the world economy. The [[Partition of India]] in 1947 was a major blow to the once flourishing economy during the [[world wars]], it removed most of the [[hinterland]], cutting down the supply of the [[human resource management|human resource]] and a took away a huge portion of its [[Market (economics)|market]]. Also the huge inflow of refugee from [[East Pakistan]] was a major drain to the city's infrastructure which was inadequate for the population boom. In the 1970s, the city saw a predominance of the trade-union movements which led the investors to flow out of the state to other newly emerging destinations in India. As the investors lacked trust in the newly formed [[communist state|communist government]], the lack of capital destroyed most of its small-scale industries like [[foundries]] and tool casting. Once India's leading city, Kolkata experienced a steady economic decline in the decades following India's independence due to steep population increases and a rise in militant [[trade-unionism]], which included frequent strikes that were backed by left-wing parties.<ref name="bbceco">{{cite news|last= Dutta|first= Tanya|author-link= Tanya Datta|title= Rising Kolkata's winners and losers|url= https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/4830762.stm|access-date= 11 December 2011|publisher= BBC|date= 22 March 2006|url-status= live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120204123645/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/4830762.stm|archive-date= 4 February 2012|df= dmy-all}}</ref> From the 1960s to the late 1990s, several factories were closed and businesses relocated.<ref name="bbceco" /> The lack of capital and resources added to the depressed state of the city's economy and gave rise to an unwelcome sobriquet: the "dying city".<ref>{{Cite news|first=Sudipta|last=Dutta|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/calcutta-chronicles/417579/|title=Calcutta chronicles|date=1 February 2009|newspaper=Financial Express|location=New Delhi|access-date=6 December 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615141012/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/calcutta-chronicles/417579|archive-date=15 June 2013}}</ref>

There are a few of the oldest and front line banks and PSUs —such as [[UCO Bank]], [[Allahabad Bank]], [[United Bank of India]] and [[Geological Survey of India]], [[Zoological Survey of India]], [[Botanical Survey of India]] and [[Tea Board of India]]—were founded and is headquartered in [[Kolkata]]. The oldest operating photographic studio in the world, [[Bourne & Shepherd]], is also based in the city. The [[Standard Chartered Bank]] has a major branch in Kolkata.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.standardchartered.com/in/home/aboutus.html |title=Standard Chartered Bank website |access-date=28 March 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060322065948/http://www.standardchartered.com/in/home/aboutus.html |archive-date=22 March 2006 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Kolkata is also the headquarters of [[Botanical Survey of India]] and [[Zoological Survey of India]] and many more organisations and companies. Kolkata is 3rd richest city in [[India]] after [[Mumbai]] & [[New Delhi]] as well as in [[South Asia]].

Kolkata is home to many industrial units operated by large [[public sector]] and private-sector corporations; major sectors include steel, heavy engineering, mining, minerals, cement, pharmaceuticals, food processing, agriculture, electronics, textiles, and [[jute]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Kolkata has 9,600 Millionaires, $290 Billion in total wealth|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/kolkata-has-9600-millionaires-290-billion-in-total-wealth/articleshow/57285430.cms|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref>
[[File:SBI Local HO (1).jpg|thumb|SBI Regional HQ, [[Strand Road, Kolkata|Strand Road]]]]

==Sectors==

Flexible production has been the norm in Kolkata, which has an [[informal sector]] that employs more than 40% of the labour force.<ref name="spatialchange">{{cite book |title= Globalizing cities: a new spatial order?|last=Chakravorty|first=Sanjoy|editor1-last=Marcuse |editor1-first=Peter |editor2-last=Kempen |editor2-first=Ronald van |chapter=From colonial city to global city? The far-from-complete spatial transformation of Calcutta|year=2000 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-0-631-21290-4 |pages= 56–77}}</ref> Over the years, the informal sector has grown in size and as a proportion of the total workforce of the Kolkata metropolitan area.<ref name="Shaw2016">{{cite book | last=Shaw | first=Annapurna | title=Spatial Diversity and Dynamics in Resources and Urban Development | chapter=The Informal Sector in Kolkata Metropolitan Area: Appraisal and Prospects for Local Economic Development | publisher=Springer Netherlands | location=Dordrecht | year=2016 | isbn=978-94-017-9785-6 | doi=10.1007/978-94-017-9786-3_24 | pages=499–516}}</ref> One unorganised group, [[Hawkers in Kolkata|roadside hawkers]], generated business worth {{INR}} 87.72 billion ({{USD}} 2 billion) in 2005.<ref name="Telegraphhawker">{{cite news |url= http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061130/asp/frontpage/story_7071031.asp |title= Hawkers stay as Rs. 265 crore talks |access-date= 16 February 2008 |last= Ganguly |first= Deepankar |newspaper= The Telegraph |location= Kolkata |date= 30 November 2006 |df= dmy-all |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200645/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061130/asp/frontpage/story_7071031.asp |archive-date= 27 September 2007 |url-status= dead }}</ref> {{As of|2001}}, around 0.81% of the city's workforce was employed in the [[Primary sector of the economy|primary sector]] (agriculture, forestry, mining, etc.); 15.49% worked in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] (industrial and manufacturing); and 83.69% worked in the [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sector]] (service industries).<ref name="urbanprice">{{Cite book | editor1-last = Sahdev | editor1-first = Shashi | editor2-last = Verma | editor2-first = Nilima | contribution = Urban Land price Scenario- Kolkata − 2008 | contribution-url = http://tcpomud.gov.in/Divisions/IEP/Urban%20Land%20Price%20Scenario-%20Kolkata/chapter%20II%20Kol.doc | series = Industry and Economic Planning | year = 2008 | title = Kolkata—an outline | publisher = Town and Country Planning Organisation, Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India | chapter-format = DOC | access-date = 7 March 2012 | archive-date = 26 April 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120426025356/http://tcpomud.gov.in/Divisions/IEP/Urban%20Land%20Price%20Scenario-%20Kolkata/chapter%20II%20Kol.doc | url-status = dead }}</ref>{{rp|19}} {{As of|2003}}, the majority of households in [[Informal housing|slums]] were engaged in occupations belonging to the informal sector; 36.5% were involved in servicing the urban middle class (as maids, drivers, etc.), and 22.2% were [[Wage labour|casual labourers]].<ref name="kundu">{{cite web | last=Kundu | first=N | publisher=Development Planning Unit. [[University College, London]] | url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Kolkata_bw.pdf | title=Understanding slums: case studies for the global report on human settlements 2003. The case of Kolkata, India | access-date=26 April 2006 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524005019/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Kolkata_bw.pdf | archive-date=24 May 2006 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>{{rp|11}} About 34% of the available labour force in Kolkata slums were unemployed.<ref name="kundu" />{{rp|11}} Since 2017, warehousing industry in the vicinity of the city experienced significant increase, and was the fastest growing market in India, per 2019 report.<ref name=fewarehouse>{{cite news |date=20 June 2019 |title= Kolkata tops in warehousing leasing volume, says report|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/kolkata-tops-in-warehousing-leasing-volume-says-report/1613051/ |work=Financial Express |access-date=19 January 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Law |first=Abhishek |date=30 July 2019 |title= Kolkata is a top warehousing hub now|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/kolkata-is-a-top-warhousing-hub-now/article28762394.ece |work= The Hindu Business Line|access-date=19 January 2020 }}</ref>

==Major companies based in Kolkata==
Kolkata is home to many industrial units operated by large public- and private-sector corporations; major sectors include steel, heavy engineering, mining, minerals, cement, pharmaceuticals, food processing, agriculture, electronics, textiles, and [[jute]].

Companies such as [[ITC Limited]], [[ABP Group]], [[CESC Limited]], [[Exide Industries]], [[Emami]], [[Eveready Industries India]], Senco Gold Limited, [[Lux Industries]], [[Rupa Company]], [[Berger Paints]], Patton International Limited, [[Birla Corporation]], Khaitan India Ltd., [[Peerless Group]] and [[Britannia Industries]], [[Jai Balaji group]], Shyam Steel Industries Limited are all headquartered in the city. [[Philips]] India, [[PricewaterhouseCoopers]] India, [[Tata Global Beverages]], [[Tata Steel]] have their registered office and zonal headquarters in Kolkata. Some of the oldest public sector companies are headquartered in the city such as the [[Coal India Limited]], [[National Insurance Company]], [[Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers]], [[Tea Board of India]], [[Geological Survey of India]], [[Zoological Survey of India]], [[Botanical Survey of India]], [[Jute Corporation of India]], National Test House, [[Hindustan Copper]] and the [[Ordnance Factories Board]] of the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Indian Ministry of Defence]], [[Damodar Valley Corporation]] and [[India Government Mint, Kolkata|India Govt. Mint]] are also headquartered in the city. Kolkata hosts the headquarters of three major public-sector banks: [[Allahabad Bank]], [[UCO Bank]], and the [[United Bank of India]] and India's one of the newest private banks [[Bandhan Bank]].

Among these three of the [[Forbes Global 2000]] listed companies are headquartered in Kolkata, which includes [[ITC Limited]], [[Coal India]], [[Allahabad Bank]] and [[UCO Bank]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/18/global-09_The-Global-2000_Rank.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412093259/http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/18/global-09_The-Global-2000_Rank.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=12 April 2009 | work=Forbes | title=The Global 2000 | date=8 April 2009}}</ref>

== Banking ==
[[File:KolkataHSBC.JPG|thumb|[[HSBC]] in Kolkata]]
Kolkata is an important centre for banking. At present, the city serves as the headquarters of large nationalised bank [[Uco Bank|UCO Bank]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=UCO Bank- Overview Of UCO Bank History {{!}} Our Vision And Mission |url=https://www.ucobank.com/English/overview.aspx |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=www.ucobank.com}}</ref> and a private scheduled bank - [[Bandhan Bank]]. Several large financial companies and insurance companies are headquartered in Kolkata including Magma Fincorp, [[Bandhan Bank]], SREI Infrastructure Finance, [[National Insurance Company]]. Many Indian banks, multi-national banks and the World Bank have located their Branch offices operations in the city. All main banks from India have their branch office here. Also big financial banks like [[Standard Chartered Bank]], [[Bank of America]] and [[HSBC Bank India|HSBC Bank]] have office and branches in Kolkata. Bandhan Financial, the largest Microfinance Group in India from Kolkata and 2nd largest of its kind in the World has got RBI's nod to set up banks all over India. [[Bandhan Bank]] has its Head Office in Kolkata, which is the only bank after independence to be established in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=BFSI |date=2015-08-24 |title='Bandhan Bank' makes historic start from East |url=https://bfsi.eletsonline.com/bandhan-bank-makes-historic-start-from-east/ |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=Elets BFSI |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Infrastructure ==
=== Power and energy ===
The electricity supply in Kolkata is mainly done by [[CESC Limited]] and [[WBSEDCL]].

CESC is the sole distribution company serving 567 square kilometres (219 sq mi) of area administered by the [[Kolkata municipal corporation]], in the city of [[Kolkata]], as well as parts of [[Howrah]], [[Hooghly District|Hooghly]], [[24 Parganas (North)]] and [[24 Parganas (South)]] districts. CESC also has its own Transmission & Distribution system through which it supplies electricity to its consumers. This system comprises a 474-kilometre (295 mi) circuit of transmission lines linking the company's generating and receiving stations with 85 [[Electrical substation|distribution stations]]; a 3,837-kilometre (2,384 mi) circuit of HT lines further linking distribution stations with LT [[Electrical substation|substations]], large industrial consumers and a 9,867-kilometre (6,131 mi) circuit of LT lines connecting its LT substations to LT consumers.

West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (WBSEDCL) is a wholly owned [[Company|enterprise]] of [[Government of West Bengal]], established in 2007 as one of the two successors of [[West Bengal State Electricity Board]], and is responsible for providing power to 96% of [[West Bengal]] which is not covered by CESC.

=== Communication and transportation ===
[[File:MAA Flyover and ITC Royal Bengal.jpg|thumb|259x259px|Maa Flyover]]Kolkata has excellent roads with numerous flyovers which add to the convenience of commuters. A network of expressways like [[Kona Expressway]], [[Kalyani Expressway]], [[Belghoria Expressway]], flyovers and widening of southern stretch of [[Eastern Metropolitan Bypass]] are being created to ease up road traffic. [[Maa Flyover]] is an important flyover in Kolkata.
[[File:Local Train in Agarpara Station.jpg|thumb|258x258px|Eastern Railway Local Trains]]
A large network of roads are spread over in Kolkata which helps to reduce [[traffic congestion]]. Elevated roads are present in New Town and Rajarhat area of Kolkata. Kolkata is connected to other parts of India by the National Highways [[National Highway 2 (India)|2]], [[National Highway 6 (India)|6]], [[National Highway 34 (India)|34]], and [[National Highway 117 (India)|117]]. The Belghoria Expressway connects NH 34 with NH 2 and 6 via the Nivedita Setu while the NH 117 is connected to NH 6 by the [[National Highway 12 (India)|Kona Expressway]] via the Vidyasagar Setu.
[[File:Kolkata Metro CRRC Dalian rake 5.jpg|thumb|257x257px|Kolkata Metro CRRC Dalian rake]]
Kolkata is well-connected to the rest of [[India]] by an extensive railway network of the Indian railways. Two divisions of the Indian railways - the [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]] and the [[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railway]] - are headquartered in the city. A total of five railway stations serve Kolkata. The two major [[railway station]]s of the city are at [[Howrah station|Howrah]] and [[Sealdah]]. The third station is called [[Kolkata railway station|Kolkata]] has recently been constructed. International trains such as [[Maitree Express]] and [[Bandhan Express]] depart from Kolkata Station. The fourth station is [[Santragachi Junction railway station|Santragachi Junction]] which operates weekly and bi-weekly express trains to ease pressure on Howrah junction. The fifth station is named [[Shalimar Railway Station]] which used to be a goods yard has been transformed into a station from where mail and express trains operate. The [[Kolkata Circular Railway|Circular Rail]] encircles the entire city of Kolkata, starting and terminating at [[Dum Dum Junction]].

Kolkata was the first city in South Asia to have an [[Rapid transit|underground railway]] system that started operating in 1984. Kolkata Metro is jointly owned by [[Metro Railway, Kolkata]] and [[Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation]]. It has four operational lines of total length of about 60 km. As of 2024, various other metro links of approximately 74 km route length are underway in different phases of construction in Kolkata.
[[File:Picture from the street of college street.jpg|thumb|Tram in Kolkata]]
Kolkata is the only city in India to have a [[tram]] network. Trams are under the administration of the [[Calcutta Tramways Company]], a government of West Bengal Undertaking, popularly called CTC (now merged with [[West Bengal Transport Corporation]]). The environment-friendliness and the age-old charm of the trams attract some people. Now, several initiatives have started to improve the tram's popularity as well as increasing revenues. The results are positive. The Tram Museum is the latest addition to such schemes, which also include heritage trams' small models and meals on wheels trams i.e. with dining options. 1st AC passenger tram ran in the city in 2019. Each of the AC trams, built at the Nonapukur tram depot near Muzaffar Ahmed Sarani, cost Rs 25 lakh and is fitted with a 5.5 tonne AC unit, LED light bulbs and fans.

The government buses were previously run by [[Calcutta State Transport Corporation]], [[Calcutta Tramways Company]], [[West Bengal Surface Transport Corporation]], [[North Bengal State Transport Corporation]] and [[South Bengal State Transport Corporation]]. In the year 2016, the first three government bus companies merged and formed [[West Bengal Transport Corporation]]. The government buses are generally painted either blue color with white stripes or white color with blue stripes. This buses are identified by the WBTC symbol on the front windscreen and on their body. Both the name of the destination place as well as the name of the originating place is mentioned on the front of the bus either digitally [LED Board] or written [White Board]. The fleet consist of [[Ashok Leyland]] JanBus, [[Tata Motors]] Marcopolo Bus, and [[Volvo Buses|Volvo 8400]] buses and [[Eicher Motors|Eicher]] Starline buses. Air-conditioned buses have been introduced in the year 2009 under [[Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission]] (JNNURM) and are operated by WBTC. Air-conditioned buses have been included to provide comfort to daily commuters to make there travel less tiresome. In the year 2019, electric AC buses were introduced. Tata Motors were given contract by Government Of West Bengal to supply 80 such buses to WBTC. Non-AC buses fare start from {{INRConvert|10}} whereas AC buses fare start from {{INRConvert|25}}.

=== Ports ===
Kolkata is a major river-port in eastern India. The [[Kolkata Port Trust]] manages both the Kolkata docks and the [[Haldia]] docks. There is passenger service to [[Port Blair]] on the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] and [[cargo ship]] service to [[ports in India]] and abroad, operated by the [[Shipping Corporation of India]]. Kolkata Port handled 65.660 million tonnes (mt) of traffic in 2022-23, around 12.86% higher vis-a-vis that handled during previous fiscal. Kolkata Dock System, the first major dock formally commissioned in 1870, handled cargo traffic of 17.052 mt in 2022-23, registering a significant growth of 11.46% over the previous year. Haldia Dock Complex, the 1st green port of the country in 2015, handled 48.608 mt in 2022-23, recording growth of 11.8% over the last year. During 2022-23, 6,75,904 Container TEUs were handled at the Port vis-à-vis 7,35,195 TEUs during 2021-22. Total containerised tonnage handled at SMP, Kolkata was 10.59 million tonnes in 2022-23 vis-à-vis 11.8 million tonnes in 2021-22. Kolkata Dock System handled 5,68,722 TEUs in 2022-23 compared to 5,69,783 TEUs in 2021-22, recording a marginal decline. In 2019-20 Kolkata Dock System achieved the highest ever container throughput of 6,75,439 TEUs. Haldia Dock Complex handled 1,07,182 TEUs in 2022-23 vis-a-vis 1,65,412 TEUs in 2021-22.

[[Kolkata Port]] ranked 1st in terms of coking coal & other coal handling amongst major ports of India.
[[File:Kolkata Airport Terminal (14668075480).jpg|thumb|276x276px|Inside Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport]]

=== Aviation ===
Spread over 2640 acres at [[Dum Dum]] in Kolkata, the largest in eastern India, the newly modernised [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport]] is the sixth busiest international airport in India in respect of aircraft movement (after Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai). It has two asphalt runways, the primary one extended by 700 meters (3627 × 46m) and upgraded to CATIIIB, and the secondary one (3190 × 46m) upgraded to CATII ILS standards. Its terminal is a new and sprawling L-shaped six-level integrated terminal of over 2,510,000 sq ft inaugurated in 2013, able to handle 25 million passengers per annum. It includes check-in counters that use CUTE (Common User Terminal Equipment) technology, 78 immigration counters, 12 customs counters, passenger lounges provided by Air India and Jet Airways, 18 aerobridges, 57 remote parking bays, 2 underground two-leveled carparks and car parking facilities in landscaped area capable of handling 5000 cars. The airport has a Centre for Perishable Commodities (CPC), two luxury hotels and a shopping mall.

In the fiscal year April 2023 to March 2024, the airport handled 1,40,879 aircraft movements including 20,078 international aircraft movements, 19.784 million passengers (including 2.4 million international passengers and 17.31 million domestic passengers), 1,51,626 metric tonnes of freight.

== Salt Lake and New Town ==
[[File:Aerial View Of Salt Lake City Kolkata West Bengal IMG 9796 05.jpg|thumb|271x271px|Aerial View of Salt Lake, Kolkata]]
Bidhannagar also known as Salt Lake City is a planned [[satellite city]] of [[Kolkata]] in [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]] district. As of April 2019, Sector V of Bidhannagar had approx 1,500 companies. Salt Lake Sector-V is the commercial sector of [[Bidhannagar]] city and a [[Central business district|business district]] under [[Kolkata metropolitan area]]. Spread over an area of 430 Acres, Salt Lake Sector V is known as the IT Hub of Kolkata as well as [[East India]].

As of 2023, there is 12.3 million sq. feet of grade A office space with 2.3 million sq. feet of grade A office space under development. Altogether Sector V have 14.6 million sq. feet of grade A office space which is highest in Kolkata Metropolitan Area. Most of the commercial spaces are eloped by IT/BPO companies.

New Town has emerged as the second IT hub of Kolkata after [[Salt Lake City, Kolkata|Salt Lake]]. [[List of tech parks in Kolkata#New Town|Growing number of tech parks]] makes New Town a preferred destination for IT and ITes in East India. Several Information Technology majors are operational like [[Ericsson]], Accenture, Capgemini, Tech Mahindra, ITC Infotech, Mindtree, Adani Labs, [[British Telecom]], [[Tata Consultancy Services|TCS]], [[Wipro]], [[Infosys]], [[Cognizant]] etc. New Town also houses [[Bengal Silicon Valley Tech Hub]].

[[Bengal Silicon Valley Tech Hub]] is an under construction [[technology]] [[Business park|hub]] in the Indian state of [[West Bengal]], consisting of various [[Industrial park|tech parks]], buildings, projects and premises which work on the sectors like [[Information technology|IT]]/ITeS, [[Data Centre]], [[E-commerce]], [[Internet of things|IoT]], [[Knowledge process outsourcing|KPO]], [[Artificial intelligence|AI]], [[Research and development|R&D]] and [[Telecommunications|Telecom]]. The hub is projected to be completed in 2025, generating 1,00,000 direct jobs. As of 2022, the total investment in the hub is {{INRConvert|1|lc}}. It is being built on an area of 250 acres.

FinTech Hub is a [[financial]], [[Commerce|commercial]] centre and [[business district]] located in [[New Town, Kolkata|New Town]]. The hub has the presence of a large number of banking, [[Financial services|financial]] companies and [[Law firm|legal]] institutions. Many major companies have their headquarters, offices and training centres operational or under construction. In 2010, inspired by the [[Bandra Kurla Complex]] in [[Mumbai]] and to turn Kolkata into an international financial centre, the then chief minister of West Bengal [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]] and finance minister [[Asim Dasgupta]] proposed an International Financial Hub on 100 Acres of land in [[New Town, Kolkata|New Town]]. The union finance minister of that time, [[Pranab Mukherjee]] laid the foundation stone of the project on 13 October 2010. The project had a deadline to be completed in five years. In 2017, the project was relaunched as a FinTech hub. The purpose was to develop [[Fintech|financial technology]] industry in West Bengal. In 2020, 23 financial institutions had their offices setup in the hub. First 10 acres were identified which was afterwards expanded. On 10 September 2021, HIDCO released an online portal for owing plots easily. Up to September 2021, 48 acres were allotted in 70 acres. As of 2022, 28 financial and legal institutions have their offices in fintech hub.

== Ease of doing business ==
The [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]] (KMC) is the central authority which deals with the processing of new trade licenses and the renewal of the same as well.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Official Website of Kolkata Municipal Corporation|url = https://www.kmcgov.in/KMCPortal/jsp/KMCPortalHome1.jsp|website = www.kmcgov.in|access-date = 2015-10-08}}</ref> In 2019, Kolkata, along with [[Bengaluru]] was included in the list of cities in India for the World Bank's ease of doing business survey in India, which so far covered only [[New Delhi]] and [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=World Bank's ease of doing business survey to also cover Kolkata, Bengaluru next year|work=Livemint.com|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/wb-s-ease-of-doing-business-survey-to-also-cover-kolkata-bengaluru-next-year-11571918678598.html|access-date=2022-04-27}}</ref>

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="100">
File:UnitechHi-TechITParkNewTown.jpg|Unitech InfoSpace Hi-Tech Park (New Town) Kolkata
File:UnitechHiTechITParkKolkata.jpg|Unitech InfoSpace
File:HidcobhawanNewTownKolkata.jpg|[[HIDCO]] Bhawan (Narkel Bagan) New Town Kolkata
File:DLFKolkataIBM.jpg|DLF (IBM Pvt. Ltd.) IT Tech Park, New Town, Kolkata
File:1wipinsidekolkata.jpg|Inside Wipro Technologies Saltlake City, Sector V, Kolkata
File:Towardswiprogateno1pavementfrmlearningcentre.jpg|Wipro Technologies, Saltlake City, Sector V, Kolkata
File:CollegemoresectorVSaltlakecitykolkata.jpg|College More, Saltlake City, Sector V, Kolkata
File:TechnopolisSaltlakeSectorVKolkata.jpg|Technopolis, Saltlake City, Kolkata
File:ITCityTowardsCollegeMoreSaltlakeCitySectorV.jpg|Saltlake City, Major Economy Towers
File:KolkataFlowermarket.jpg|Mallikghat flower market
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Bengal Renaissance]]
*[[Calcutta Stock Exchange Association Limited]]
*[[HIDCO]]
*[[Kolkata Metro]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Kolkata topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Economy of Kolkata}}
[[Category:Economy of Kolkata| ]]

Economy of Kolkata - Revision history

Timothyves at 21:06, 3 November 2025