https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Edward_KeelingEdward Keeling - Revision history2026-07-31T01:57:54ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Edward_Keeling&diff=367743&oldid=prevBot at 12:09, 24 December 20222022-12-24T12:09:21Z<p></p>
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'''Sir Edward Herbert Keeling''', [[Military Cross|MC]] (1883<ref name=dmd>{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=rzP%2BkojTaKlcptuDTQN%2FtQ&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=2 June 2018|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS|quote=BIRTHS registered in October, November, and December 1883. KEELING, Edward Herbert; [[Bradford|Bradford, Y.]]}} The ''Times'' obituary and other sources seem to have mistakenly assumed a birth year of 1888, which is when the birth of an Edward George Keeling was registered in [[Market Drayton]].<!-- Note: Implausible that the son of a Bradford headmaster would have worked in the Admiralty in 1902 if he were born in 1888. --></ref> – 23 November 1954) was a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] politician in the United Kingdom who served as a [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) from 1935 to 1954.<br />
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The younger son of the Reverend [[William Hulton Keeling]], headmaster of [[Bradford Grammar School]],<ref name=obit>{{cite news|title=Obituary: Sir Edward Keeling. Conservative M.P. For Twickenham|newspaper=[[The Times]]|date=24 November 1954|page=10}}</ref> he was educated at Bradford and [[University College, Oxford]], graduating with a master's degree in [[jurisprudence]].<ref name=whowho/> He was [[call to the bar|called to the bar]] at [[Lincoln's Inn]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Council Of Legal Education|newspaper=[[The Times]]|date=3 November 1908|page=15}}</ref> In 1902 he received employment in the Supply and Accounting Department of the [[British Admiralty|Admiralty]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27406|date=14 February 1902|page=941}}</ref> His siblings include the social activist [[Dorothy Keeling]] and the Canadian communist writer [[Margaret Fairley]].<br />
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Keeling moved to be a member of the Harbour Commission in [[British rule in Burma|Burma]], then a British colony.<ref name=obit /><br />
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With the outbreak of the [[First World War]], Keeling received a commission as an officer in the Indian Army Reserve of Officers.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=29186|date=8 June 1915|page=5527}}</ref> He served in the [[Mesopotamian Campaign]], and was present at the surrender of [[Siege of Kut|Kut]] by the British at the hands of Ottoman forces. Following the surrender, he served as a prisoner of war in Turkey until his escape, which eventually landed him in Bolshevik Russia. Following his return to England, he served as the head of a special branch (responsible for Turkey and Bulgaria) in the British General Staff for enabling officers to escape. He was awarded the [[Military Cross]] in October 1918.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=30950|date=11 October 1918|page=12079}}</ref> He published his story as ''Adventures in Turkey and Russia'' in 1924.<ref>Keeling, Edward H. ''Adventures in Turkey and Russia''. London: John Murray, 1924.</ref><br />
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After the war he entered business: he was General Manager of the Turkish Petroleum Company, a member of [[Lloyd's of London]] and a director of the Wallsend and Hebburn Coal Company.<ref name=obit /><ref name=whowho /><br />
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Keeling unsuccessfully contested the [[1929 United Kingdom general election|1929 general election]] in the [[Southwark Central (UK Parliament constituency)|Southwark Central]] constituency, a [[safe seat]] for the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]].<br />
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His next parliamentary candidacy was at the [[1935 United Kingdom general election|1935 general election]], when he was elected as MP for [[Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Twickenham]]. His name is best known in legislative and Parliamentary circles as a result of the question he asked of the then [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]], [[Neville Chamberlain]], on 26 July 1938: "whether he has considered a memorandum on the evils of legislation by reference submitted to him by a number of Members; and whether he has any statement to make".<ref name=hansard1938>Official Report, 26/7/38; col. 2919 {{cite web|title=Legislation by Reference|url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/written_answers/1938/jul/26/legislation-by-reference#S5CV0338P0_19380726_CWA_23|work=Hansard 1803–2005|publisher=[[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]|access-date=2 May 2022}}</ref><br />
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The Prime Minister, as the Minister responsible for the work of the [[Office of the Parliamentary Counsel (United Kingdom)|Office of the Parliamentary Counsel]], who draft all UK Government legislation, replied that: "I have considered the memorandum with interest ... The suggestion made is, in effect, that a Bill amending or applying an existing enactment by reference should contain a Schedule setting out the enactment as it will read when amended by the Bill ... This method is not, I understand, put forward as a panacea to be used in all cases ... There are, however, undoubtedly some cases where the method suggested by the memorandum would be both practicable and advantageous; and I have instructed the Parliamentary Counsel to proceed experimentally on the lines suggested in suitable cases".<ref name=hansard1938/> These Schedules have subsequently become known as 'Keeling schedules'.<ref name=hansard2000>{{cite web|title=(Sexual Offences (Amendment) Bill) [13 Nov 2000]|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199900/ldhansrd/vo001113/text/01113-32.htm|work=Lords Hansard|publisher=[[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]}}</ref><br />
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From 1945–1946 Keeling served as [[List of Lord Mayors of Westminster|Mayor of Westminster]].<ref name=whowho>{{cite web|title=KEELING, Sir Edward (Herbert)|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U239328|work=[[Who Was Who]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|access-date=1 May 2022}}</ref> In 1952 he was [[knight bachelor|knighted]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=39480|date=29 February 1952|pages=1191–1192}}</ref><br />
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Keeling held the Twickenham seat until his death in 1954. The resulting [[1955 Twickenham by-election|by-election in January 1955]] was won by the Conservative candidate, [[Gresham Cooke]].<br />
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==References==<br />
* {{cite book |last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |author-link= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 |orig-year=1969 |edition= 3rd |year=1983 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-06-X}}<br />
*{{Rayment-hc|date=March 2022}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
* {{Hansard-contribs | sir-edward-keeling | Sir Edward Keeling }}<br />
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{{succession box<br />
| title = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Twickenham]]<br />
| years = [[1935 United Kingdom general election|1935]]–[[1955 Twickenham by-election|1954]]<br />
| before = [[Alfred Critchley]]<br />
| after = [[Gresham Cooke]]<br />
}}<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Keeling, Edward Herbert}}<br />
[[Category:1883 births]]<br />
[[Category:1954 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]<br />
[[Category:UK MPs 1935–1945]]<br />
[[Category:UK MPs 1945–1950]]<br />
[[Category:UK MPs 1950–1951]]<br />
[[Category:UK MPs 1951–1955]]<br />
[[Category:Mayors of places in Greater London]]<br />
[[Category:Members of Westminster Metropolitan Borough Council]]<br />
[[Category:People educated at Bradford Grammar School]]<br />
[[Category:Alumni of University College, Oxford]]<br />
[[Category:Members of Lincoln's Inn]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the MacGregor Medal]]</div>Bot