DeangeloKater at 21:07, 5 March 2026

2026-03-05T21:07:40Z

New page

{{Short description|American politician and jurist (1764–1836)}}
{{Other people|Edward Livingston}}
{{redirect|Senator Livingston}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Edward Livingston
| image = Portrait of Edward Livingston, by Thomas Sully, c. 1810-1836, oil on canvas - Portland Art Museum - Portland, Oregon - DSC08898.jpg
| office = 14th [[United States Ambassador to France|United States Minister to France]]
| president = [[Andrew Jackson]]
| term_start = September 30, 1833
| term_end = April 29, 1835
| predecessor = Levett Harris (''acting'')
| successor = [[Lewis Cass]]
| office1 = 11th [[United States Secretary of State]]
| president1 = [[Andrew Jackson]]
| term_start1 = May 24, 1831
| term_end1 = May 29, 1833
| predecessor1 = [[Martin Van Buren]]
| successor1 = [[Louis McLane]]
| jr/sr2 = United States Senator
| state2 = [[Louisiana]]
| term_start2 = March 4, 1829
| term_end2 = May 24, 1831
| predecessor2 = [[Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny]]
| successor2 = [[George A. Waggaman]]
| office3 = Member of the [[U.S. House of Representatives]]
| constituency3= {{ushr|LA|1|Louisiana 1st}}
| term_start3 = March 4, 1823
| term_end3 = March 3, 1829
| predecessor3 = ''District established''
| successor3 = [[Edward D. White Sr.]]
| constituency4= {{ushr|NY|2|New York 2nd}}
| term_start4 = March 4, 1795
| term_end4 = March 3, 1801
| predecessor4 = [[John Watts (New York politician)|John Watts]]
| successor4 = [[Samuel L. Mitchill]]
| office5 = 47th [[Mayor of New York City]]
| term_start5 = 1801
| term_end5 = 1803
| predecessor5 = [[Richard Varick]]
| successor5 = [[DeWitt Clinton]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1764|5|28}}
| birth_place = [[Clermont, New York|Clermont]], [[Province of New York]], British America
| death_date = {{death date and age|1836|5|23|1764|5|28}}
| death_place = [[Rhinebeck, New York]], U.S.
| resting_place= [[Livingston Memorial Church and Burial Ground]]
| party = [[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]] (before 1825) [[Jacksonian democracy|Jacksonian]] (1825–1836)
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Mary McEvers |April 10, 1788|March 13, 1801|reason=d}}
* {{marriage|Louise d'Avezac de Castera |June 1805}}
}}
| education = [[Princeton University]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])}}
| relations = ''See'' [[Livingston family]]
| signature = Edward Livingston Signature.svg
}}
'''Edward Livingston''' (May 28, 1764{{snd}}May 23, 1836) was an American jurist, statesman and slaveholder.<ref name="WaPo">{{cite news |last1=Weil |first1=Julie Zauzmer |title=More than 1,800 congressmen once enslaved Black people. This is who they were, and how they shaped the nation. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/interactive/2022/congress-slaveowners-names-list/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |date=10 January 2022}} Database at {{Citation|title=Congress slaveowners|date=2022-01-13|url=https://github.com/washingtonpost/data-congress-slaveowners|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=2024-04-29}}</ref> He was an influential figure in the drafting of the [[Louisiana Civil Code]] of 1825, a civil code based largely on the [[Napoleonic Code]].<ref>Lawrence Friedman, ''A History of American Law'' (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005), p. 118. Louisiana, along with Scotland and [[Quebec]], is one of a few "mixed" jurisdictions whose law derives from both the [[Civil law (legal system)|civil]] and the [[common law]] traditions.</ref> Livingston represented both New York and then Louisiana in Congress and served as the [[U.S. Secretary of State]] from 1831 to 1833<ref>U.S. Department of State, "Secretary of State Edward Livingston" (July 15, 2003), http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/livingston-edward.</ref> and Minister to France from 1833 to 1835 under President [[Andrew Jackson]]. He was also the 47th [[mayor of New York City]].

== Early life ==
Edward Livingston was born in [[Clermont, New York|Clermont]], [[Albany County, New York#Colonial|colonial Albany County]], [[Province of New York]] (since 4 April 1786 within [[Columbia County, New York|Columbia County]], New York). He was the youngest son of Judge [[Robert Livingston (1718–1775)|Robert Livingston]] and Margaret (née Beekman) Livingston, and was a member of the prestigious [[Livingston family]]. His father was a member of the [[New York Provincial Congress|New York Provincial Assembly]] and a [[New York Supreme Court|Judge of the New York Supreme Court of Judicature]], and his mother was heir to immense tracts of land in [[Dutchess County|Dutchess]] and [[Ulster County|Ulster]] counties. Among his many siblings were [[New York Court of Chancery|Chancellor of New York]] [[Robert R. Livingston (chancellor)|Robert R. Livingston]];<ref>{{cite web|title=Livingston, Robert (1746-1813) to John R. Livingston|url=https://www.gilderlehrman.org/content/john-r-livingston|website=www.gilderlehrman.org|publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]]|access-date=January 17, 2018}}</ref> Janet Livingston, who married Gen. [[Richard Montgomery]];<ref name="Shelton1996">{{cite book|last1=Shelton|first1=Hal T.|title=General Richard Montgomery and the American Revolution: From Redcoat to Rebel|date=1996|publisher=[[NYU Press]]|isbn=9780814780398|page=38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1BwUCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|access-date=January 17, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Margaret Livingston, who married [[New York Secretary of State]] [[Thomas Tillotson]];<ref name="friendsofclermont"/> Henry Beekman Livingston;<ref name="friendsofclermont">{{cite web|title=Friends of Clermont Historic Site|url=https://www.friendsofclermont.org/the-livingstons|website=friendsofclermont.org|publisher=Friends of Clermont Historic Site|access-date=January 17, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Catharine Livingston, who married [[Freeborn Garrettson]];<ref name="friendsofclermont"/><ref name="Andrews2010">{{cite book|last1=Andrews|first1=Dee E.|title=The Methodists and Revolutionary America, 1760-1800: The Shaping of an Evangelical Culture|date=2010|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|isbn=978-1400823598|page=302|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EEZ2ODvhbg4C&pg=PA302|access-date=January 17, 2018|language=en}}</ref> merchant John R. Livingston;<ref name="Clermont2016">{{cite news|last1=Clermont State Historic Site|title=Clermont State Historic Site: Was John R. Livingston a Murderer?|url=https://clermontstatehistoricsite.blogspot.com/2016/05/was-john-r-livingston-murderer.html|access-date=January 17, 2018|work=Clermont State Historic Site|date=May 16, 2016|archive-date=January 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118011222/https://clermontstatehistoricsite.blogspot.com/2016/05/was-john-r-livingston-murderer.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nyhistory">{{cite web|title=John R. Livingston (1755-1851)|url=https://www.nyhistory.org/exhibit/john-r-livingston-1755-1851|website=www.nyhistory.org|publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]]|access-date=January 17, 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Hess2017">{{cite book|last1=Hess|first1=Stephen|title=America's Political Dynasties|date=2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781351532150|page=552|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3zMrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA552|access-date=January 17, 2018|language=en}}</ref> [[Gertrude Livingston Lewis|Gertrude Livingston]], who married Gov. [[Morgan Lewis (governor)|Morgan Lewis]]; Joanna Livingston, who married [[Peter R. Livingston (politician, born 1766)|Peter R. Livingston]], acting [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]]; and Alida Livingston, who married [[John Armstrong, Jr.]], a [[U.S. Senator]], [[U.S. Secretary of War]], and [[U.S. Minister to France]] who was the son of Gen. [[John Armstrong, Sr.]]

His maternal grandparents were [[Henry Beekman]], a descendant of [[Wilhelmus Beekman]], and Janet (née Livingston) Beekman, a Livingston cousin. Their children included:<ref name="Livingston1910">{{cite book|last1=Livingston|first1=Edwin Brockholst|title=The Livingstons of Livingston Manor: Being the History of that Branch of the Scottish House of Callendar which Settled in the English Province of New York During the Reign of Charles the Second; and Also Including an Account of Robert Livingston of Albany, "The Nephew," a Settler in the Same Province and His Principal Descendants|date=1910|publisher=Knickerbocker Press|url=https://archive.org/details/livingstonslivi00unkngoog|access-date=August 10, 2017|language=en}}</ref> His father was the only child of [[Robert Livingston (1688–1775)|Robert Livingston]], known as "Robert of [[Clermont Manor|Clermont]]" (himself a son of [[Robert Livingston the Elder]], the first Lord of [[Livingston Manor]], and [[Alida Schuyler|Alida (née Schuyler) Van Rensselaer Livingston]]) and Margaret (née Howarden) Livingston.<ref name="Livingston1910"/>

He graduated from [[Princeton University]] in 1781.<ref name="Livingston1910"/>

==Career==
Livingston was admitted to the bar in 1785, and began to practice law in New York City along with [[James Kent (jurist)|James Kent]], [[Aaron Burr]] and [[Alexander Hamilton]], rapidly rising to distinction.<ref name="Aitken1912">{{cite book |last1=Aitken |first1=William Benford |title=Distinguished Families in America, Descended from Wilhelmus Beekman and Jan Thomasse Van Dyke |date=1912 |publisher=Knickerbocker Press |pages=51–52 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cZ0xAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA52 |access-date=January 16, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> From 1795 to 1801, Livingston was a [[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]] [[U.S. Representative]] in the [[United States Congress]] from the state of New York, where he was one of the leaders of the opposition to [[Jay's Treaty]], and introduced the resolution calling upon President [[George Washington]] to furnish Congress with the details of the negotiations of the peace treaty with the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]], which the President refused to share. At the close of Washington's administration, he voted with [[Andrew Jackson]] and other radicals against the address to the president.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=811}}

Livingston was a prominent opponent of the [[Alien and Sedition Laws]], introduced legislation on behalf of American seamen, and in 1800 attacked the president for permitting the extradition to the British government of Jonathan Robbins, who had committed murder on an English frigate and then escaped to [[South Carolina]] and falsely claimed to be an American citizen. In the debate on this question Livingston was opposed by [[John Marshall]], the [[Chief Justice of the United States]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=811}}

In 1801, Livingston was appointed [[United States Attorney]] for the district of New York, and while retaining that position was in the same year appointed [[Mayor of New York City]]. When, in the summer of 1803, the city was visited with [[yellow fever]], Livingston displayed courage and energy in his endeavors to prevent the spread of the disease and relieve distress. He suffered a violent attack of fever, during which the people gave many proofs of their attachment to him.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|pp=811–812}}

Upon his recovery he found his private affairs in some confusion, and he was at the same time deeply indebted to the government for public funds which had been lost through the mismanagement or dishonesty of a confidential clerk, and for which he was responsible as US attorney. He at once surrendered all his property, resigned his two offices in 1803, and moved early in 1804 to [[New Orleans]] in what would shortly become the [[Territory of Orleans]] (1804–1812).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}} His older brother, Robert R. Livingston, had negotiated the [[Louisiana Purchase]], in 1803.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}} Edward Livingston soon built a large [[Practice of law|law practice]] in New Orleans, and in 1826 he repaid the [[Federal government of the United States|Federal government]] in full, including the interest, which by that time amounted to more than the original principal.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

=== Louisiana ===
Almost immediately upon his arrival in Louisiana, where the legal system had previously been based on [[Roman Law|Roman]], French, and Spanish law, and where [[Jury trial|trial by jury]] and other particularities of English common law were now first introduced, he was appointed by the legislature to prepare a provisional code of judicial procedure, which (in the form of an act passed in April 1805) was continued in force from 1805 to 1825.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

In 1807, after conducting a successful suit on behalf of a client's title to a part of the batture or alluvial land near New Orleans, Livingston attempted to improve part of this land (which he had received as his fee) in the Batture Ste. Marie. Great popular excitement was aroused against him; his workmen were mobbed; and territorial Governor [[William C. C. Claiborne]], when appealed to for protection, referred the question to the Federal government.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

It has been alleged that Livingston's case was damaged by then-President [[Thomas Jefferson]], who believed that Livingston had favored Aaron Burr in the [[Presidential election of 1800]], and that he had afterwards been a party to Burr's schemes. Jefferson made it impossible for Livingston to secure his [[Title (property)|property title]],{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}} since by asserting the claim that such battures were the property of the Federal government, Livingston's title obtained from the Territorial Court was invalid.{{Clarify|date=March 2008}} In response, Livingston filed a civil [[lawsuit]] against Jefferson in 1810. After the case was dismissed on December 5, 1811, by Chief Justice John Marshall due to lack of jurisdiction,<ref>See Dumas Malone's biography, ''Jefferson and His Time - Volume 6, The Sage of Monticello'', ch. 5, "The Batture Controversy".</ref> Jefferson, nonetheless, in 1812 published a pamphlet originally intended "for the use of counsel" in the case against Livingston, to which Livingston published a reply.

[[Louisiana]] became a U.S. state just one and a half months before the [[U.S. Congress]] declared war upon [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Great Britain]]. During the [[War of 1812]], Edward Livingston was active in rousing the ethnically mixed population of New Orleans to resistance against the threat of British invasion. He used his influence to secure amnesty for [[Jean Lafitte]] and his followers when they offered to [[Battle of New Orleans|help defend the city]], and in 1814–15 acted as adviser and one of several [[Aide-de-camp|aides-de-camp]] to Major General Andrew Jackson, who was his personal friend.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

===Livingston Code===
In 1821, by appointment of the [[Louisiana State Legislature]], of which he had become a member of the [[Louisiana House of Representatives]] in the preceding year, Livingston began the preparation of a new [[Code (law)|code]] of criminal law and procedure, afterwards known in Europe and America as the "Livingston Code." It was prepared in both French and English, as was required by the necessities of practice in Louisiana, and actually consisted of four sections: crimes and punishments, procedure, evidence in criminal cases, and reform and prison discipline. Though substantially completed in 1824, when it was accidentally burned, and again in 1826, the criminal code was not printed in its entirety until 1833. It was never adopted by the state.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

The Livingston Code was at once reprinted in England, France, and Germany, attracting wide praise by its remarkable simplicity and vigor, and especially by reason of its philanthropic provisions in the code of reform and prison discipline, which noticeably influenced the penal legislation of various countries. In referring to this code, [[Henry James Sumner Maine|Sir Henry Maine]] spoke of Livingston as "the first legal genius of modern times."<ref>''Cambridge Essays'', 1856, p. 17.</ref> The spirit of Livingston's code was remedial rather than vindictive; it provided for the abolition of capital punishment and the making of penitentiary labor not a punishment forced on the prisoner, but a matter of his choice and a reward for good behavior, bringing with it better accommodations. His Code of Reform and Prison Discipline was adopted by the government of the short-lived [[Federal Republic of Central America]] under liberal president [[Francisco Morazán]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

Livingston was the leading member of a commission appointed to prepare a new [[civil code]] for Louisiana, which for the most part the legislature adopted in 1825; and the most important chapters of which, including all those on contracts, were prepared by Edward Livingston alone. Livingston became again a U.S. Representative, this time as the first person to serve [[Louisiana's 1st congressional district]]. The preliminary work for the preparation of a new civil code was completed by [[James Brown (Louisiana)|James Brown]] and [[Louis Moreau-Lislet]], who in 1808 reported a ''Digest of the Civil Laws now in force in the Territory of Orleans with Alterations and Amendments adapted to the present Form of Government''.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

=== Later career===
[[File:Edward Livingston MET DP110365.jpg|thumb|Edward Livingston c. 1827 by [[Anson Dickinson]]]]
Livingston served as a [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from Louisiana from 1823 to 1829, a [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] from 1829 to 1831, and for two years (1831–1833) [[United States Secretary of State]] under President Jackson. In this last position he was one of Jackson's most trusted advisers. Livingston prepared a number of state papers for President Jackson, the most important being the famous anti-nullification proclamation of December 10, 1832.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

From 1833 to 1835, Livingston was minister plenipotentiary to France, charged with procuring the fulfillment by the French government of the treaty negotiated by W. C. Rives in 1831, by which France had bound herself to pay an indemnity of twenty-five millions of francs for French spoliations of American shipping chiefly under the [[Berlin]] and [[Milan]] decrees, and the United States in turn agreed to pay to France 1,500,000 francs in satisfaction of French claims. Livingston's negotiations were conducted with excellent judgment,{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} but the French Chamber of Deputies refused to make an appropriation to pay the first installment due under the treaty in 1833, relations between the two governments became strained, and Livingston was finally instructed to close the legation and return to America.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}}

==Personal life==
Livingston was married twice. His first wife, Mary McEvers, whom he wed on April 10, 1788, later died of [[scarlet fever]].<ref name="Livingston1910"/> She was the daughter of Charles McEvers and Mary (née Bache) McEvers and her sister, Eliza McEvers, was the second wife of Edwards older brother, the merchant John R. Livingston.<ref name="Livingston1910"/> Before her death on March 13, 1801, they were the parents of two sons and a daughter.<ref name="Aitken1912"/>

In June 1805, he married Madame Marie Louise Magdaleine Valentine "Louise" (née d'Avezac) de Castera Moreau de Lassy (1785–1860), a widow who was then 19 years of age, and a refugee in New Orleans from the [[Haitian Revolution]].<ref name="Browning1891">{{cite book |last1=Browning |first1=Charles Henry |title=Americans of Royal Descent: A Collection of Genealogies of American Families Whose Lineage is Traced to the Legitimate Issue of Kings |date=1891 |publisher=Porter & Costes |page=167 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIUaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA167 |access-date=January 16, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> She was the daughter of a wealthy landowner and the sister of [[Auguste Davezac]], a politician and diplomat who served twice as [[United States Ambassador to the Netherlands|U.S. Minister to the Netherlands]]. She is said to have greatly influenced her husband's public career.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=812}} Together, Louise and Edward were the parents of two children, only one of whom lived to adulthood:<ref name="Livingston1910"/>

* Coralie Livingston (1806–1873), who married [[Thomas Pennant Barton]] (1803–1869), the son of noted physician [[Benjamin Smith Barton]], in April 1833.<ref name="Livingston1910"/>

Livingston died on May 23, 1836, five days before his 72nd birthday at [[Montgomery Place]] in [[Red Hook, New York]], an estate left him by his sister, to which he had removed in 1831.<ref name="Livingston1910"/>

===Legacy and honors===
The town of [[Livingston, Guatemala]], is named after Edward Livingston, in commemoration of the Livingston Code.

Edward Livingston is the namesake of counties in [[Livingston County, Illinois|Illinois]], [[Livingston County, Michigan|Michigan]], and [[Livingston County, Missouri|Missouri]],<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RfAuAAAAYAAJ | title=How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named | publisher=The State Historical Society of Missouri | author=Eaton, David Wolfe | year=1916 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RfAuAAAAYAAJ/page/n85 188]}}</ref> and [[Livingston Parish, Louisiana|a parish in Louisiana]] with its seat of [[Livingston, Louisiana|Livingston]]. Also named for him is [[Livingston, Tennessee|a town]] in [[Tennessee]] (and by extension, the town of [[Livingston, Texas]], [[Lake Livingston|Lake Livingston in Texas]], and the Livingston Dam), and the town of [[Livingston, Alabama]] in Sumter County, Alabama.

Edward Livingston High School<ref>[http://lrsd.entest.org/Superintendent_s%20Report%20%20for%20February%202013.pdf New Orleans Public Schools Superintendent's report of February 2013] page 13, accessed April 6, 2015.</ref> (formerly a middle school) in [[New Orleans]] was named for him. [[Fort Livingston, Louisiana|Fort Livingston]], a 19th-century coastal fortification, was named after Edward Livingston, along with today's '''Fort Livingston State Commemorative Area''' in south Louisiana.

Livingston was elected a member of the [[American Philosophical Society]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1825&year-max=1825&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> in 1825 and the [[American Antiquarian Society]]<ref>[http://www.americanantiquarian.org/memberlist American Antiquarian Society Members Directory]</ref> in 1833.

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Livingston, Edward|volume=16|pages=811–812}}

==Further reading==
Hatcher, William B., ''Edward Livingston: Jeffersonian Republican and Jacksonian Democrat'', Louisiana State University Press (1940).

Hunt, Charles Havens, ''Life of Edward Livingston'', Appleton & Co. (1863).

==External links==
{{Portal|Biography|Politics}}
{{wikisource|works=or}}
{{CongBio|L000366}}
*[https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/livingston-edward Office of the Historian profile] at [[U.S. Department of State]]
* [http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/3/69 Edward Livingston Letters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405160233/http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/3/69 |date=April 5, 2020 }} at [http://www.hnoc.org The Historic New Orleans Collection]
* [https://archive.org/search?query=external-identifier%3A%22urn%3Alcp%3Aedwardlivingston0000will%3Alcpdf%3Aabc81f10-a7d8-4513-91f6-e84bba980026%22 ''Edward Livingston'' by William B. Hatcher] at [[Internet Archive]]
{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-hs}}
{{s-bef|before=[[John Watts (New York politician)|John Watts]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States representatives from New York|U.S. House of Representatives]] from [[New York's 2nd congressional district]]|years=1795–1801}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Samuel L. Mitchill]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[John Swanwick]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce|House Energy Committee]]|years=1797–1798}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)|Samuel Smith]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Josiah S. Johnston]] {{small|[[Louisiana's at-large congressional district|at-large]]}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States representatives from Louisiana|U.S. House of Representatives]] from [[Louisiana's 1st congressional district]]|years=1823–1829}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Edward Douglass White Sr.]]}}
|-
{{s-legal}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Richard Harison]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States Attorney for the District of New York|U.S. Attorney for the District of New York]]|years=1801–1803}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Nathan Sanford]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Richard Varick]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Mayor of New York City]]|years=1801–1803}}
{{s-aft|after=[[DeWitt Clinton]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Martin Van Buren]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States Secretary of State]]|years=1831–1833}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Louis McLane]]}}
|-
{{s-par|us-sen}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States senators from Louisiana|U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Louisiana]]|years=1829–1831|alongside=[[Josiah S. Johnston]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[George A. Waggaman]]}}
|-
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Levett Harris]] {{small|Acting}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States Ambassador to France|United States Minister to France]]|years=1833–1835}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Lewis Cass]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{PreConsolidationNYCMayors}}
{{United States senators from Louisiana}}
{{United States Secretaries of State}}
{{US Ambassadors to France}}
{{Jackson cabinet}}
{{US House Energy and Commerce chairs}}
{{Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana}}
{{Robert Livingston}}

{{Authority control|state=expanded}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Livingston, Edward}}
[[Category:1764 births]]
[[Category:1836 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century American diplomats]]
[[Category:19th-century mayors of places in New York (state)]]
[[Category:People from Columbia County, New York]]
[[Category:People from the Province of New York]]
[[Category:Livingston family|Edward]]
[[Category:Schuyler family]]
[[Category:United States secretaries of state]]
[[Category:Jackson administration cabinet members]]
[[Category:Democratic-Republican Party United States representatives from New York (state)]]
[[Category:Democratic-Republican Party United States representatives from Louisiana]]
[[Category:Jacksonian United States representatives from Louisiana]]
[[Category:New York (state) Jacksonians]]
[[Category:Jacksonian United States senators from Louisiana]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to France]]
[[Category:Members of the Louisiana House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Mayors of New York City]]
[[Category:United States attorneys for the District of New York]]
[[Category:People from New Orleans]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]
[[Category:American people of the War of 1812]]
[[Category:Beekman family]]
[[Category:19th-century United States senators]]
[[Category:19th-century United States representatives]]
[[Category:18th-century United States representatives]]
[[Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society]]

Edward Livingston - Revision history

DeangeloKater at 21:07, 5 March 2026