>SalamAlayka at 17:29, 6 December 2021

2021-12-06T17:29:33Z

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{{short description|Bangladeshi politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[Mufti]]
| name = Fazlul Hoque Amini
| native_name = ফজলুল হক আমিনী
| birth_date = {{circa}} 1945{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=birth-note}}
| birth_place = Aminpur, [[Brahmanbaria District|Brahmanbaria]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British Raj]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2012|12|12|1945}}<ref name=TazaKhobor/>
| death_place = [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]
| party = [[Islami Oikya Jote]]
| nationality = British Raj (1945-1947)<br>Pakistani (1947-1971)<br>Bangladeshi (1971-2012)
| alma_mater = [[Jamia Binoria]], [[Karachi University]], [[University of the Punjab|Punjab University]]
| resting_place = [[Jamia Qurania Arabia Lalbagh]], [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]
| constituency_MP = [[Brahmanbaria-2]]
| term_start = 10 October 2001
| term_end = 29 October 2006
| predecessor = [[Ukil Abdul Sattar Bhuiyan]]
| successor = [[Ziaul Haque Mridha]]
| relatives = [[Hafezzi Huzur]] (father-in-law)
| children = 2 sons and 4 daughters
}}
'''Fazlul Hoque Amini''' ({{lang-bn|ফজলুল হক আমিনী}}; {{circa}}1945{{snd}}12 December 2012){{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=birth-note|Sources differ regarding Amini's date of birth. ''[[Prothom Alo]]'' and ''The Bangladesh Chronicle'' say he died at age 70.<ref>{{cite news |date=2012-12-12 |script-title=bn:মুফতি ফজলুল হক আমিনীর ইন্তেকাল |url=http://archive.prothom-alo.com/detail/usg/ALkJrhgGGQbggUI4gFCwmsAANnXYoVnOEw/date/2012-12-12/news/312664 |newspaper=Prothom Alo |language=bn |quote=তাঁর বয়স হয়েছিল ৭০ বছর [He was 70 years old]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2012-12-12 |title=Amini laid to rest |url=http://www.bangladeshchronicle.net/index.php/2012/12/amini-laid-to-rest/ |newspaper=The Bangladesh Chronicle |quote=Amini died ... at the age of 70. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923060607/http://www.bangladeshchronicle.net/index.php/2012/12/amini-laid-to-rest/ |archive-date=23 September 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> According to ''risingbd.com'' he was born in 1943 and died at age 69.<ref>{{cite news |date=2012-12-12 |title=Mufti Amini passes away |url=http://www.risingbd.com/english/printnews.php?nssl=197 |newspaper=risingbd.com |quote=He was 69 ... He was born in 1943. |access-date=21 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923060152/http://www.risingbd.com/english/printnews.php?nssl=197 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''[[Amar Desh]]'' and ''[[The Daily Sangram]]'' say he died at age 67. The latter specifies his birth date as 15 November 1945.<ref>{{cite news |date=2012-12-12 |script-title=bn:মুফতি ফজলুল হক আমিনী আর নেই : আমরা শোকাহত |url=http://www.amardeshonline.com/pages/details/2011/12/13/177688 |newspaper=Amar Desh |language=bn |quote={{lang|bn|ফজলুল হক আমিনী (৬৭) বুধবার দিবাগত রাত সোয়া ১২টায় ইন্তেকাল}} [Huq Amini (67), died Wednesday night around 1 pm] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923085629/http://www.amardeshonline.com/pages/details/2011/12/13/177688 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name=dailysangram>{{cite news |date=2013-12-11 |script-title=bn:আজ ১১ ডিসেম্বর মুফতী আমিনী (রহ:) এর প্রথম মৃত্যুবার্ষিকী |url=http://www.dailysangram.com/news_details.php?news_id=133997 |newspaper=The Daily Sangram |language=bn |quote={{lang|bn|১৯৪৫ সনের ১৫ নভেম্বর বি-বাড়ীয়া জেলার আমিনপুর গ্রামের এক সম্ভ্রান্ত মুসলিম পরিবারে তাঁর জন্ম}} [On 15 November 1945 in Brahmanbaria district, he was born into a respectable Muslim family in the village of Aminapura] |access-date=21 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923085945/http://www.dailysangram.com/news_details.php?news_id=133997 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} was an [[Islamic scholar]] and politician from [[Bangladesh]]. He served as an [[Member of Parliament|MP]] in the [[Parliament of Bangladesh]]<ref>{{cite news |date=2003-08-20 |title=Amini may quit from JS body today |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/2003/08/20/d30820030228.htm |newspaper=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |access-date=2010-06-16}}</ref> from 2002 to 2007. He was an expert in the fields of Islamic [[jurisprudence]] ([[fiqh]]), [[hadith]] and [[tasawwuf]]. He also held a number of positions on the boards of [[qaumi]] [[madrasah]]s. He was also the [[Principal (academia)|principal]] of [[Jamia Qurania Arabia Lalbagh]] in Lalbagh, [[Dhaka]], one of the largest [[Deobandi]] Islamic schools of Bangladesh.
{{Deobandi}}

==Early life and education==
Fazlul Haque was born on 15 November 1945 in the village of Aminpur in [[Brahmanbaria District|Brahmanbaria]], [[Bengal Presidency]]. His father was Alhaj Wayez Uddin. He started his education in [[Jamia Islamia Yunusia]] at nine/ten years old before spending three years at Mustafaganj Madrasa in [[Munshiganj District|Munshiganj]] under Hafiz Muhsinuddin. His father then took him to Ashraful Uloom Bara Katara where he studied under Principal Pirji Huzur. Then in 1961, he enrolled at the [[Jamia Qurania Arabia Lalbagh]] for [[Hadith studies]]. In 1969, following the request of [[Shamsul Haque Faridpuri]], Amini advanced his knowledge of [[ahadith]] and [[fiqh]] by going to [[Jamia Binoria]] in [[Karachi]], [[West Pakistan]] for one year where he studied under [[Muhammad Yousuf Banuri]].<ref name=dg>{{cite news|script-title=bn:স্ম র ণ : মুফতি ফজলুল হক আমিনী |url=http://www.dailynayadiganta.com/post-editorial/371447/-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A3-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80 |work=[[Daily Naya Diganta]]|date=11 December 2018|language=bn}}</ref>

== Career ==
Amini was the chairman of a faction of [[Islami Oikya Jote]] (IOJ),<ref name=TazaKhobor/> and also a leader of Tehreek-e-Khatme Nabuwwat. He was a former component of the BNP-led four-party alliance. In 1970, he became the [[Imam]] and [[Khatib]] of Alubazar Jame Masjid in [[Old Dhaka]] where he also founded a [[madrasa]]. In the same year, he became a teacher at [[Hafezzi Huzur]]'s founded Madrasa Nuriya in [[Kamrangirchar]], [[Dhaka]] and married Hafezzi's daughter. In 1972, he completed his [[hifz]] (memorisation of the entire [[Qur'an]]) in nine months. Under the leadership of Hafezzi Huzur, he was a member of the Antarjatik Shanti Mission (International Peace Mission) relating to the [[Iran–Iraq War]]. He became a teacher and assistant [[mufti]] at [[Jamia Qurania Arabia Lalbagh]] in 1975.

In 1984, he became the Chief Mufti of Lalbagh and later became its principal and Shaykhul Hadith in 1987 following Hafezzi Huzur's death. He also taught at Ashraful Uloom Bara Katara. In 1992, Amini organised a long march protest against the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]] in [[Ayodhya]], [[India]].<ref name=dg/> Amini was appointed as the guardian (Muhtamim and Mutawalli) of Ashraful Uloom Bara Katara in 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.qowmipedia.com/page/institute/490/|date=17 May 2018|script-title=bn:জামেয়া কুরআনিয়া লালবাগ ঢাকা|language=bn}}</ref>

In his home district of Brahmanbaria, he tackled certain non-governmental organisations (NGOs). In 1996, he stood up as a potential candidate for the [[Brahmanbaria-2]] constituency, as a part of the Sammilita Sangram Parishad party, however he was unsuccessful. He managed to become MP during the [[2001 Bangladeshi general election]] as a part of the [[Islami Oikya Jote]] party, receiving over 55% of total votes. He was able to create a strong mass movement when the [[Bangladesh High Court]] ruled in early 2001 to ban the [[fatwa]].<ref name=dg/> During the [[2008 Bangladeshi general election]], he stood up for the same constituency with IOJ party but was beaten by [[Md. Ziaul Haque Mridha]] of the [[Jatiya Party (Ershad)|Jatiya Party]].

== Views ==
He spoke out against the Women Development Policy of 2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dhaka-soft.com/mspvaw/images/policyandact/National%20Women%20Development%20Policy%202011%20English.pdf |title=National Women Development Policy 2011 |date=March 2011 |publisher=Ministry of Women and Children Affairs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717220306/http://www.dhaka-soft.com/mspvaw/images/policyandact/National%20Women%20Development%20Policy%202011%20English.pdf |archive-date=2013-07-17}}</ref> and the Education Policy of 2012<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/old/edu_system__edu_policy.htm |title=Education Policy |publisher=Ministry of Education |access-date=2015-04-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403173138/http://www.moedu.gov.bd/old/edu_system__edu_policy.htm |archive-date=3 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> formulated by the Awami League government after coming to power in January 2009, saying the proposed legal reforms were anti-Islamic.<ref name="thedailystar1">{{cite news |author=Rashidul Hasan |date=2011-04-11 |title=Amini versions skewed |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=181276 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=2015-04-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2011-04-04 |title=Dozens injured as Bangladeshi Islamists protest women's equality laws |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/bangladesh/8426149/Dozens-injured-as-Bangladeshi-Islamists-protest-womens-equality-laws.html |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |access-date=2015-04-17}}</ref> According to Rashidul Hasan, writing in ''[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]'' in April 2011:

{{quote|text=Amini, in his booklet, termed anti-Islamic the policy's section-23.5 that talks about women's equal opportunity and participation in employment, wealth, market and business. So is section 25.2, which seeks to give women full control over the wealth they accumulate through earning, inheritance, loans and market management, according to Amini.<ref name="thedailystar1" />
}}

Islamic scholars and academics interviewed by ''The Daily Star'' disagreed with Amini, saying there was nothing anti-Islamic about the policies. They said Amini was misinterpreting the [[Quran]] out of ignorance, or was deliberately twisting its words for political gain.<ref name="thedailystar1" />

At a gathering on 14 July 2011, Amini, speaking about the [[Constitution of Bangladesh#Fifteenth Amendment|15th Amendment to the Constitution]], which among other things restored the principle of [[secularism]] and [[freedom of religion]], said, "People will throw the constitution, from where the name of Allah has been dropped, into dustbin {{sic}}".<ref>{{cite book |last=Ahamed |first=Emajuddin |year=2012 |chapter=Constitutional Amendments |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Constitutional_Amendments |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref><ref name=defends-dustbin>{{cite news |date=2011-07-23 |title=Amini defends 'dustbin' remarks |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2011/07/23/amini-defends-dustbin-remarks |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=2015-09-22}}</ref> He was sued for [[sedition]] for this remark, although he argued that it was a figure of speech.<ref name=defends-dustbin/><ref>{{cite news |date=2011-08-12 |title=Amini sued for sedition |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=198250 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=2015-09-22}}</ref> On 26 September 2011, the [[High Court of Bangladesh|High Court]] ordered him to surrender to authorities immediately.<ref>{{cite news |date=2011-09-26 |title=Sedition Case: Amini's bail petition scrapped |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2011/09/26/sedition-case-amini-s-bail-petition-scrapped |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=2015-09-22}}</ref> He spent the remainder of his life under what he termed "[[house arrest]]", his movements confined by police to his home and the IOJ party office in [[Lalbagh Thana]], Dhaka.<ref name=dailysangram/><ref>{{cite news |date=2011-12-14 |title=Amini calls 3 'murtad' |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=214056 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=2015-09-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2012-12-11 |title=IOJ chief Amini is dead |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2012/12/11/ioj-chief-amini-is-dead |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=2015-09-22}}</ref>

Amini's madrasa is now used as the Dhaka coordination office of Hefazat a Islam Bangladesh <ref>{{cite news |author1=Manik Miazee |author2=Muktasree Chakma Sathi |date=2013-07-09 |title=Shafi's video creating storm in social media |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/politics/2013/jul/09/comments-women-shafi%E2%80%99s-video-creating-storm-social-media |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |access-date=2015-04-17}}</ref>

=== WikiLeaks cable ===
A [[WikiLeaks]] cable<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cables.mrkva.eu/cable.php?id=24069 |title=US embassy cable - 04DHAKA4266 |publisher=Cables.mrkva.eu |date=2004-12-15 |access-date=2015-04-17}}</ref> describing a conversation of Amini with Chammas, the US ambassador in Dhaka of 14 December 2004, reveals many unknown thoughts of the IOJ leader.

Chammas wrote to Washington in the summary: "At a chance encounter with polcouns, IOJ chairman Fazlul Haq Amini denounced Jamaat Islami as power hungry, criticized the BDG on several fronts, opposed the proposed USD 2 billion Tata investment in Bangladesh, indicated the [[Awami League]] has offered him money to quit the ruling alliance, and described in general terms his vision for Bangladesh as a truly Islamic state. How, he asked, could IOJ could improve its image in the U.S. and why is the [[US Government]] anti-madrassah?"

==Death==
He died in Dhaka on 12 December 2012 at 12:20 (GMT+6).<ref name=TazaKhobor>{{cite news |date=2012-12-11 |title=Mufti Fazlul Haque Amini Died |url=http://tazakhobor.com/national/2024-mufti-fazlul-haque-amini-died |newspaper=Taza Khobor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011854/http://tazakhobor.com/national/2024-mufti-fazlul-haque-amini-died |archive-date=5 October 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Following his death, his son, Abul Hasnat Amini, became actively involved with [[Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh|Hefazat-e-Islam]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Manik Miazee |date=2013-04-28 |title=Hefazat-e-Islam threatens to take over Bangabhaban |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/politics/2013/apr/28/hefazat-e-islam-threatens-take-over-bangabhaban |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |access-date=2015-04-17}}</ref>

Hefazat-e-Islam, led by Amini's teacher [[Ahmad Shafi]],{{citation needed|date=April 2015}} called for a 13-point movement against the government's policies and the demand of a blasphemy law.<ref>{{cite news |author=Manik Miazee |date=2013-05-04 |title=Shafi terms Hefazat's 13-point charter 'commitment to faith' |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/politics/2013/may/04/shafi-terms-hefazat%E2%80%99s-13-point-charter-%E2%80%9Ccommitment-faith%E2%80%9D |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |access-date=2015-04-17}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Shah Ahmad Shafi]] - chief of Islamist group Hefajat-e-Islam Bangladesh
* [[Mufti Izharul Islam]]
* [[Allama Junaid Babunagari]]
* [[Allama Nurul Islam Ulipuri]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite news |last=Griswold |first=Eliza |date=2005-01-23 |title=The Next Islamist Revolution? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/23/magazine/the-next-islamist-revolution.html?_r=0 |newspaper=The New York Times Magazine}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Amini, Fazlul Haque}}
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Brahmanbaria district]]
[[Category:Sunni Islamic movements]]
[[Category:Sunni imams]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Sunni Islamists]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Islamic education in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:8th Jatiya Sangsad members]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:21st-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:Jamia Binoria alumni]]

Fazlul Haque Amini - Revision history

>SalamAlayka at 17:29, 6 December 2021