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{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| name = The Lord Brockway
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| honorific-suffix =
| image = A. Fenner Brockway.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Portrait of A. Fenner Brockway, circa 1910–1915.
| office = [[Independent Labour Party|General Secretary of the Independent Labour Party]]
| term_start = 1933
| term_end = 1939
| predecessor = [[John Paton (British politician)|John Paton]]
| successor = [[John McNair (UK politician)|John McNair]]
| office1 = [[Independent Labour Party|Chairman of the Independent Labour Party]]
| term_start1 = 1931
| term_end1 = 1933
| predecessor1 = [[James Maxton]]
| successor1 = [[James Maxton]]
| office2 = [[Member of the House of Lords]] [[Lords Temporal|Lord Temporal]]
| term_start2 = 17 December 1964
| term_end2 = 28 April 1988 [[Life Peerage]]
| office3 = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Eton and Slough (UK Parliament constituency)|Eton and Slough]]
| majority3 =
| term_start3 = 23 February 1950
| term_end3 = 25 September 1964
| predecessor3 = [[Benn Levy]]
| successor3 = [[Sir Anthony Meyer, 3rd Baronet|Anthony Meyer]]
| office4 = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Leyton East (UK Parliament constituency)|East Leyton]]
| majority4 =
| term_start4 = 30 May 1929
| term_end4 = 27 October 1931
| predecessor4 = [[Ernest Edward Alexander]]
| successor4 = [[Sir Frederick Mills, 1st Baronet|Frederick Mills]]
| birth_name = Archibald Fenner Brockway
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1888|11|01|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1988|04|28|1888|11|01|df=y}}
| party = [[Independent Labour Party]]
| otherparty = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
}}
'''Archibald Fenner Brockway, Baron Brockway''' (1 November 1888 – 28 April 1988), was a British [[Socialism|socialist]] politician, [[secular humanism|humanist]] campaigner and [[anti-militarism|anti-war]] activist.

==Early life and career==
Brockway was born to W. G. Brockway and Frances Elizabeth Abbey in [[Calcutta]], [[British Raj|British India]].<ref name="Janus">{{cite web|title=The Papers of Fenner Brockway|url=https://archivesearch.lib.cam.ac.uk/repositories/9/resources/1558|url-status=live|work=Archivesearch|publisher=Churchill Archives Centre, Cambridge University}}</ref> While attending the School for the Sons of Missionaries, then in [[Blackheath, London]] (now [[Eltham College]]) from 1897 to 1905 he developed an interest in politics. In 1908 Brockway became a [[vegetarian]].<ref>{{cite journal |quote=Lord BROCKWAY: My Lords, perhaps I should begin by declaring an interest. I am a vegetarian and I have been so for 70 years... |url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1978/dec/07/live-food-animals-for-slaughter#S5LV0397P0_19781207_HOL_278 |title=House of Lords Debate: Live Food Amimals for Slaughter |date=7 December 1978 |volume=397 |at=cc387 |journal=[[Hansard]] |access-date=25 August 2014 |series=5 }}</ref> Several decades later, during a debate in a House of Lords on [[Cruelty to animals|animal cruelty]], he said: 'I am a vegetarian and I have been so for 70 years. On the whole, I think, physically I am a pretty good advertisement for that practice.'<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40058342?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/topics/71e97cc0-8bec-416b-82f0-a6bbb85d7f1f/jeremy-corbyn&link_location=live-reporting-story|title=Jeremy Corbyn and other famous vegetarian politicians|website=BBC News|access-date=5 September 2017}}</ref>

After leaving school he worked as a journalist for newspapers and journals including ''[[The Quiver]]'', the ''Daily News'' and the ''Christian Commonwealth''. In 1907, Brockway joined the [[Independent Labour Party]] (ILP) and was a regular visitor to the [[Fabian Society]]. He was appointed editor of the ''[[Labour Leader]]'' (the newspaper of the ILP, later called the ''New Leader'') and was, by 1913, a committed [[pacifism|pacifist]]. He opposed sending troops to France during the [[World War I|First World War]] and, through his position as editor of the ''Labour Leader'', was outspoken in his views about the conflict.

On 12 November 1914 he published an appeal for men and women of the military age to join him in forming the [[No-Conscription Fellowship]] to campaign against the possibility of the government attempting to introduce [[conscription]] in [[United Kingdom|Britain]]. Brockway acknowledged his wife, Lila Brockway, had the foresight 'that those who intended to refuse military service should band themselves together'. Lila acted as provisional secretary at their cottage in Derbyshire until the beginning of 1915, when the membership had grown so large that it had become necessary to open an office in London.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Brockway|first=Fenner|title=Inside the left: thirty years of platform press, prison and Parliament|publisher=George Allen & Unwin Ltd|year=1942|location=London|pages=66, 68, and 71|chapter=Chapter NIne; Organising War Resisters}}</ref> In London, [[Catherine Marshall (suffragist)|Catherine Marshall]] became the Fellowship's political secretary since she was adept at political strategy as the Parliamentary Secretary of the [[National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies]].<ref name=":0" /> The No-Conscription Fellowship produced a weekly newspaper ''The Tribunal'' that was suppressed; through the activity of [[Joan Beauchamp]] it continued production although her refusal to divulge the name of the printer caused her to be charged with contempt of court and held in custody for 10 days.<ref name=":0" /> The offices of the ''Labour Leader'' were raided in August 1915 and Brockway was charged with publishing [[seditious]] material. He pleaded not guilty and was acquitted in court. In 1916 Brockway was again arrested, this time for distributing anti-conscription leaflets. He was fined, and after refusing to pay the fine, was sent to [[Pentonville (HM Prison)|Pentonville Prison]] for two months.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/brockway.htm|title=First World War.com - Who's Who - Fenner Brockway|website=Firstworldwar.com|access-date=27 April 2019}}</ref>

Shortly after his release Brockway was arrested for a third time for his refusal to be conscripted, after being denied recognition as a [[conscientious objector]]. He was handed over to the Army and court-martialled for disobeying orders. As if a [[traitor]], he was held for a night in the [[Tower of London]], in a dungeon under [[Chester Castle]] and in [[Liverpool (HM Prison)|Walton Prison, Liverpool]], where he edited an unofficial newspaper, the ''Walton Leader'' for conscientious objectors in the prison. This led to his being disciplined, which in turn led to a 10-day prison strike by conscientious objectors before he was transferred to [[Lincoln Jail]], where he spent some time in solitary confinement until finally released in 1919. In October 1950 he revisited the jail with [[Éamon de Valera]], the [[Irish people|Irish]] statesman.<ref>''Lincolnshire Echo'', 9 October 1950.</ref>

Following his release he became an active member of the [[India League]], which advocated Indian independence. He became secretary of the ILP in 1923 and later its chairman. Years later, the Government of India honoured him with the third highest civilian award of the [[Padma Bhushan]] in 1989.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |access-date=July 21, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref>

==Political activities, 1924–1935==
Brockway stood for Parliament several times, including at [[Lancaster (UK Parliament constituency)|Lancaster]] in [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922]] and against [[Winston Churchill]] at [[Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency)|Westminster Abbey]] in a [[1924 Westminster Abbey by-election|1924 by-election]]. In 1926, he became the first chairperson of [[War Resisters' International]], serving in this post until 1934.<ref name="auto"/> Brockway was a member of the [[League against Imperialism]] created in Brussels in 1927.

At the [[1929 United Kingdom general election|1929 general election]], he was elected as the Member of Parliament for [[Leyton East (UK Parliament constituency)|Leyton East]] as a [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] candidate. He polled 11,111 votes and, immediately after the election, the [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] candidate announced that Brockway had converted him to [[socialism]]. His convictions brought him into difficulties with the Labour Party. He was also outspoken in Parliament, and was once "named" (suspended) by the Speaker while demanding a debate on India at Prime Minister's Question Time.<ref>''[[The Manchester Guardian]]'' 18 July 1930, page 11</ref><ref>{{cite hansard |title=Questions to the Prime Minister | jurisdiction=United Kingdom | url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1930/jul/17/india#S5CV0241P0_19300717_HOC_259 | house=House of Commons | date=1930-07-17 | volume= 241 |column_start=1462| column_end=1469}}</ref>

In [[1931 United Kingdom general election|1931]] Brockway lost his seat and the following year he disaffiliated from the Labour Party along with the rest of the ILP. He stood unsuccessfully for the ILP in the [[1934 Upton by-election]] ([[Upton (UK Parliament constituency)|Upton]] was a division of West Ham), placed a remote third with only a 3.5% share of the votes cast, and in [[Norwich (UK Parliament constituency)|Norwich]] in the [[1935 United Kingdom general election|1935 election]]. He also wrote a book on the arms trade, ''[[The Bloody Traffic]]'', published by [[Victor Gollancz|Gollancz Ltd]] in 1934. According to David Howell, after 1932 Brockway "sought to articulate a socialism distinct from the pragmatism of Labour and the [[Stalinism]] of the [[Communist Party of Great Britain|Communist Party]]".<ref name="dh">David Howell, "Brockway, (Archibald) Fenner, Baron Brockway" in H.C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison (eds.) ''[[Dictionary of National Biography|Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]: From the earliest times to the year 2000''. {{ISBN|019861411X}} (Volume Seven, pp. 765-6)</ref>

In Brockway's science fiction novel, ''Purple Plague'' (1935), a sea liner is quarantined for a decade as a result of a plague. An egalitarian society emerges.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fantastic-writers-and-the-great-war.com/the-writers/fenner-brockway/|title=Fenner Brockway|date=28 April 2014|website=Fantastic-writers-and-the-great-war.com|access-date=27 April 2019}}</ref>

==Spanish Civil War==
Despite his previous pacifist commitment, he resigned from [[War Resisters' International]], explaining:{{cquote|If I were in Spain at this moment I should be fighting with the workers against the Fascists forces. I believe it to be the correct course to demand that the workers shall be provided with the arms which are being sent so freely by the Fascist powers to their enemies. I appreciate the attitude of the pacifists in Spain who, whilst wishing the workers success, feel that they must express their support in constructive social service alone. My difficulty about that attitude is that if anyone wishes the workers to be triumphant he cannot, in my view, refrain from doing whatever is necessary to enable that triumph to take place.<ref>Prasad, Devi, ''War is a Crime against Humanity: the story of War Resisters' International'', London: War Resisters' International, 2005</ref>}}

He assisted in the recruitment of British volunteers to fight the fascist forces of [[Francisco Franco]] in Spain through the [[ILP Contingent]]. He sailed to Calais in Feb 1937 and was believed to have been destined for Spain.<ref>National Archive; Spanish Civil War files</ref> Among those who went to Spain was Eric Blair (better known as [[George Orwell]]) and it is known that Brockway wrote a letter of recommendation for Blair to present to the ILP representatives in [[Barcelona]]. Following the [[Spanish Civil War]], he advocated public understanding of the conflict. He wrote a number of articles about the conflict and was influential in getting Orwell's ''[[Homage to Catalonia]]'' published.<ref name=spartacus>[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUbrockway.htm Spartacus Educational: Fenner Brockway profile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040417093045/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/TUbrockway.htm |date=17 April 2004 }}</ref>

Notwithstanding his support for British participation in the [[Second World War]], he served as Chair of the Central Board for Conscientious Objectors throughout the war, and continued to serve as Chair until his death.<ref>Kramer, Ann, ''Conscientious Objectors of the Second World War'', Barnsley, Pen & Sword Books, 2013</ref> He also sought to re-enter Parliament, unsuccessfully contesting wartime by-elections for the ILP at Lancaster [[1941 Lancaster by-election|in 1941]] and [[Cardiff East (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff East]] [[1942 Cardiff East by-election|in 1942]].<ref name="Who Was Who">{{Who's Who | id= U162354 | doi= 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U162354 | surname= Brockway | othernames = Baron ((Archibald) Fenner)}}</ref>

==After the Second World War==

In May 1946, Brockway toured the [[British occupation zone]] in Germany as an accredited war correspondent, meeting German socialists and reporting on living conditions there; he wrote about the visit in ''German Diary'', published by the [[Left Book Club]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Brockway|first1=Fenner|title=German diary|date=1946|publisher=Gollancz|location=London}}</ref>

Brockway appeared in [[The Black Book (list)|Hitler's Black Book]] that contained a list of British subjects and residents who would have been subject to arrest had the Nazi's successfully invaded the UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/hitlers-black-book/person/2785/archibald-fenner-brockway|title=Hitler's Black Book – information for Fenner Brockway|website=Forces War Records |publisher= Imperial War Museum |access-date=23 October 2020}}</ref> The contents of the book was not publicly known until after the Second World War.

Brockway later rejoined the Labour Party. After the [[1950 United Kingdom general election|1950 general election]] he returned to the House of Commons, following an absence of nearly 20 years, as the MP for [[Eton and Slough (UK Parliament constituency)|Eton and Slough]].

In 1951, he was one of the four founders of the charity [[War on Want]], which fights global poverty. He helped establish the Congress of Peoples Against Imperialism (est. 1945), an organisation he continued to work with throughout the 1950s.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Howell|first1=David|title='Brockway, (Archibald) Fenner, Baron Brockway (1888–1988)|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/templates/article.jsp?articleid=39849&back=|website=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> His activities there included protesting against the response of the government to the [[Mau Mau Uprising]] in the British [[Kenya|Kenya Colony]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Brockway|first1=Fenner|title=African Journeys|date=1955|publisher=The Bodley Head|location=London}}</ref> In this area, he was a part of the larger [[Movement for Colonial Freedom]]. From the late 1950s he regularly proposed legislation in Parliament to ban [[racial discrimination]], only to be defeated each time. He strongly opposed the use or possession of [[nuclear weapon]]s by any nation and was a founding member of the [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament]].<ref name="White 1986">{{cite news |last1=White |first1=Aidan |title=The graduate from the old school |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=3 October 1986 |page=19}}</ref> On 18 July 1961, Brockway was chosen by [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker]] [[Harry Hylton-Foster]] to ask the first question at the very first [[Prime Minister's Questions]] in the current format.<ref name="Hansard 1961">{{cite hansard |title=Ambassador to South Africa |jurisdiction=United Kingdom |url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1961/jul/18/ambassador-to-south-africa |house=House of Commons |date=18 July 1961 |column_start=1052 |column_end=1053 }}</ref>

Brockway was a prominent member of the [[British Humanist Association]] and [[South Place Ethical Society]] where he became an Appointed Lecturer during the 1960s.<ref name="MacKillop 1986">{{cite book |last1=Mackillop |first1=I. D. |title=The British Ethical Societies |date=1986 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=0521266726 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mqgsFS_MN9UC |access-date=16 May 2019}}</ref> He gave the 1986 Conway Memorial Lecture on 21 May 1986. The Lecture was titled ''M D Conway: His Life and Message For Today'' and was chaired by [[Michael Foot]].<ref name="Conway Hall 1986 lecture">{{cite web |title=M D Conway: His Life and Message For Today |url=https://conwayhall.org.uk/library/memorial_lecture/m-d-conway-his-life-and-message-for-today/ |publisher=[[Conway Hall Ethical Society]] |access-date=16 May 2019 |date=21 May 1986}}</ref> The Brockway Room at [[Conway Hall Ethical Society|Conway Hall]] in London is named after him.

==House of Lords==
He narrowly lost his seat in the House of Commons at the [[1964 United Kingdom general election|1964 election]], despite the national swing to Labour at that election, as he was portrayed by his opponents as being the principal cause of immigrants from the West Indies settling in Slough.<ref>Bob Armstrong, Labour Party Aid to Fenner in the 1964 election</ref> He subsequently was created a [[life peer]] on 17 December 1964 taking the title '''Baron Brockway''', ''of Eton and of Slough in the [[Buckinghamshire|County of Buckingham]]'',<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=43519 |date=18 December 1964 |page=10823}}</ref> and took a seat in the [[House of Lords]].

[[File:Fenner Brockway Statue, Red Lion Square.jpg|right|thumb|Statue of Fenner Brockway in [[Red Lion Square]] near Grays Inn Road, London]]

==Last years==
Brockway continued to campaign for world peace and was for several years the chairman of the [[Movement for Colonial Freedom]]. Other important posts held by him include the Presidency of the [[British Council for Peace in Vietnam]], and membership of the Advisory Council of the [[British Humanist Association]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://heritage.humanists.uk/fenner-brockway/|title=Fenner Brockway|work=Humanist Heritage|publisher=[[Humanists UK]]|accessdate=6 July 2021}}</ref> The World Disarmament Campaign was founded by Brockway in 1979, together with [[Philip Noel-Baker]], to work for the implementation of the policies agreed at the 1978 Special Session on Disarmament of the UN General Assembly.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.world-disarm.org.uk/ |title=World Disarmament Campaign }}</ref>

Brockway died on 28 April 1988, aged 99. He was some six months shy of his centenary.<ref name=spartacus/> Brockway had been twice married: firstly in 1914 (divorced 1945) to Lilla, daughter of the Rev. W. Harvey-Smith; secondly in 1946 to Edith Violet King. By his first marriage, he had four daughters, and by his second, he had a son.<ref>Contemporary Authors: A Bio-bibliographical guide to current writers, Ann Evory, Pamela Dear, Gale Group, 2000, pg 10</ref><ref>Biographical Dictionary of European Labour Leaders, ed. A. Thomas Lane, Greenwood Press, 1995, pg 147</ref>

==Writings==
While he was in prison, Brockway met the prominent peace activist [[Stephen Henry Hobhouse]], and in 1922 they co-authored ''English prisons to-day: being the report of the Prison system enquiry committee'', a devastating critique of the English prison system which resulted in a wave of prison reform that has continued to this day.<ref name=young>{{Cite web |url=http://sueyounghistories.com/archives/2009/04/10/rosa-and-stephen-hobhouse-and-homeopathy/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318025901/http://sueyounghistories.com/archives/2009/04/10/rosa-and-stephen-hobhouse-and-homeopathy/ |archive-date=18 March 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Brockway wrote over twenty other books on politics and four volumes of autobiography.<ref name=spartacus/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Fenner+Brockway&qt=results_page|title=Results for 'Fenner Brockway' [WorldCat.org]|website=Worldcat.org|access-date=27 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/fenner-brockway|title=Fenner Brockway - Making Britain|website=Open.ac.uk|access-date=27 April 2019}}</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* 1915 ''The devil's business; a play and its justification''
* 1915 ''Is Britain blameless?''
* 1916 ''Socialism for pacifists''
* 1918? ''All about the I.L.P.''
* 1919 ''The recruit: a play in one act''
* 1927 ''A week in India''
* 1928 ''A new way with crime''
* 1930 ''The Indian crisis''
* 1931 ''Hands off the railmen's wages!''
* 1932 ''Hungry England''
* 1933 ''The bloody traffic''
* 1934 ''Will Roosevelt succeed? A study of Fascist tendencies in America''
* 1935 ''Purple Plague: A Tale of Love and Revolution'' (fiction)
* 1937 ''The truth about Barcelona''
* 1938 ''Pacifism and the left wing''
* 1938 ''Workers' Front''
* 1940 ''Socialism can defeat Nazism: together with Who were the friends of fascism'', with [[John McNair (UK politician)|John McNair]]
* 1942 ''The way out''
* 1942 ''Inside the left; thirty years of platform, press, prison and Parliament''
* 1942? ''The C.O. and the community''
* 1944 ''Death pays a dividend'', with [[Frederic Mullally]]
* 1946 ''German diary''
* 1946 ''Socialism over sixty years: the life of [[Frederick William Jowett|Jowett of Bradford]] (1864–1944)''
* 1949 ''Bermondsey story; the life of [[Alfred Salter]]''
* 1953? ''Why Mau Mau?: an analysis and a remedy''
* 1963 ''Outside the right; a sequel to 'Inside the left.''', with George Bernard Shaw
* 1963 ''African socialism''
* 1967 ''This shrinking explosive world: a study of race relations''
* 1973 ''The colonial revolution''
* 1977 ''Towards tomorrow: the autobiography of Fenner Brockway''
* 1980 ''Britain's first socialists: the Levellers, Agitators, and Diggers of the English Revolution''
* 1984 ''Bombs in Hyde Park?''
* 1986 ''98 not out''
{{div col end}}

==Tributes==
His life and legacy are celebrated in his old constituency of [[Slough]] with the now annual '''FennerFest''', a community arts and culture festival.

A statue of Brockway stands at the entrance to [[Red Lion Square]] Park in [[Holborn]], London; it was funded by many involved in the Commonwealth independence movements he supported and was expected to be unveiled after his death. However, he achieved such longevity that it was likely that the original Planning Permission to erect it would run out, causing problems to renew the process. It was decided to ask him to unveil it, he being one of the few private individuals, as opposed to Heads of State to do so. It was damaged (an arm was broken off) by a falling tree in the [[Great Storm of 1987]]. The refurbished and insured statue was installed shortly after his death.

A close in the town of Newport in southern Wales is named after him.

==See also==
* [[List of peace activists]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Brockway, Fenner ''Inside the Left: Thirty Years of Platform, Press, Prison and Parliament'', London: George Allen and Unwin, 1942 [reprint: Spokesman, 2010].

==External links==
*[https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/private-lives/relationships/collections1/race-relations-act-1965/race-discrimination-bill-1960/ Fenner Brockway: 1960 Racial Discrimination Bill UK Parliament Living Heritage]
* [https://archivesearch.lib.cam.ac.uk/repositories/9/resources/1558 Papers of Fenner Brockway] at the [https://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/ Churchill Archives Centre]
* {{Hansard-contribs|mr-fenner-brockway|Fenner Brockway}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180308190325/http://www.ppu.org.uk/people/fenner.html Biography at Peace Pledge Union]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GgbrkzqIfM Fenner Brockway talking in 1981 about his early involvement with socialism]
* {{LCAuth|n50048871|Fenner Brockway|34|ue}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|uk}}
{{succession box
| title = Member of Parliament for [[Leyton East (UK Parliament constituency)|East Leyton]]
| years = [[1929 United Kingdom general election|1929]]–[[1931 United Kingdom general election|1931]]
| before = [[Ernest Edward Alexander]]
| after = [[Sir Frederick Mills, 1st Baronet|Frederick Mills]]
}}
{{succession box
| title = Member of Parliament for [[Eton and Slough (UK Parliament constituency)|Eton and Slough]]
| years = [[1950 United Kingdom general election|1950]]–[[1964 United Kingdom general election|1964]]
| before = [[Benn Levy]]
| after = [[Sir Anthony Meyer, 3rd Baronet|Anthony Meyer]]
}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{succession box
| title = Chairman of the [[Independent Labour Party]]
| years = 1931–1933
| before = [[James Maxton]]
| after = [[James Maxton]]
}}
{{succession box
| title = General Secretary of the [[Independent Labour Party]]
| years = 1933–1939
| before = [[John Paton (British politician)|John Paton]]
| after = [[John McNair (UK politician)|John McNair]]
}}
{{s-npo}}
{{succession box
| title = Chair of [[War Resisters' International]]
| years = 1926–1934
| before = ''New position''
| after = [[Arthur Ponsonby]]
}}
{{s-media}}
{{succession box
| title = Editor of the ''[[Labour Leader]]''
| years = 1912–1916
| before = [[J. T. Mills]]
| after = [[Katharine Glasier]]
}}
{{succession box
| title = Editor of the ''[[Labour Leader|New Leader]]''
| years = 1926–1929
| before = [[H. N. Brailsford]]
| after = [[Ernest E. Hunter]]
}}
{{succession box
| title = Editor of the ''[[Labour Leader|New Leader]]''
| years = 1931–1946
| before = [[John Paton (British politician)|John Paton]]
| after = [[George Stone (politician)|George Stone]] and [[F. A. Ridley]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Independent Labour Party}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1980–89}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Brockway, Fenner}}
[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]
[[Category:Labour Party (UK) life peers]]
[[Category:British conscientious objectors]]
[[Category:British humanists]]
[[Category:British people of the Spanish Civil War]]
[[Category:Government and politics of Slough]]
[[Category:Independent Labour Party MPs]]
[[Category:Independent Labour Party National Administrative Committee members]]
[[Category:People from Slough]]
[[Category:Politicians from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Place of death missing]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1929–1931]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1950–1951]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1951–1955]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1955–1959]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1959–1964]]
[[Category:UK MPs who were granted peerages]]
[[Category:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament activists]]
[[Category:British anti-war activists]]
[[Category:English anti-fascists]]
[[Category:Members of the Executive of the Labour and Socialist International]]
[[Category:People educated at Eltham College]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in public affairs]]
[[Category:English socialists]]
[[Category:European democratic socialists]]
[[Category:Anti-war activists]]

Fenner Brockway - Revision history

->Rock drum at 18:42, 2 December 2021