WikiDwarfBOT at 00:36, 22 July 2023

2023-07-22T00:36:00Z

New page

{{About|the municipality in Punjab, India|its namesake district|Firozpur district}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Firozpur
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 280
| image_style =
| perrow = 1/2/1
| image1 = Saragarhi Memorial Ferozepur.jpg
| image2 = Shaheed Bhagat Singh Stadium Firozpur.jpg
| image3 = The Barki Memorial Ferozepur.jpg
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Clockwise from top:<br/ >Saragarhi Memorial in Firozpur, [[Shaheed Bhagat Singh Stadium]], The Barki Memorial
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Punjab#India#Asia
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India
| coordinates = {{coord|30.9166|N|74.6|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Firozpur district|Firozpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder = [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]]
| named_for = [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 182
| population_total = 110,313
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| population_density_km2 = 380
| population_rank =
| population_demonym = Firozpuri, Firozpuria
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=30 August 2019|page=32|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 152001
| postal2_code_type = [[UNLOCODE]]
| postal2_code = IN FIR
| area_code = 91-1632
| registration_plate = PB-05
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|BSh]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| website = {{URL|https://ferozepur.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
| leader_title2 = [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]]
| leader_name2 = [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]] ([[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]])
| leader_title3 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (Urban)
| leader_name3 = Ranbir Singh Bhullar([[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]])
| leader_title4 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (Rural)
| leader_name4 = Rajnish Dahiya ([[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]])<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/assembly-elections/assembly-elections-2017-only-6-women-legislators-make-entry-into-punjab-assembly/story-rpUsDjKcYUDyYqxjMsN21N.html |title=Assembly elections 2017: Only 6 women legislators make entry into Punjab Assembly |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>
| blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank2_info_sec1 = 70.7%
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Firozpur Lok Sabha constituency|Firozpur]]
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = Firozpur city
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
| blank5_info_sec1 = [[Punjab Urban Planning and Development Authority|PUDA]]
| blank6_name_sec1 = Major Highways
| blank6_info_sec1 = NH95 SH15 SH 20
| blank2_name_sec2 = Avg. summer temperature
| blank2_info_sec2 = {{convert|29.7|°C|°F}}
| blank3_name_sec2 = Avg. winter temperature
| blank3_info_sec2 = {{convert|16.9|°C|°F}}
| blank4_name_sec2 = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank4_info_sec2 = {{convert|731.6|mm|in}}
}}

'''Firozpur''', also known as '''Ferozepur''',<ref>{{cite web |title=District Ferozepur, Government of Punjab, India |url=https://ferozepur.nic.in/ |access-date=7 August 2022}}</ref> is a city on the banks of the [[Sutlej River]] in [[Firozpur District]], [[Punjab, India]]. After the [[partition of India]] in 1947, it became a border town on the [[India–Pakistan border]] with memorials to soldiers who died fighting for India.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.infopunjab.com/punjab/travel/firozepur.htm
|title= Firozpur
|publisher=Info Punjab
|access-date=14 October 2006
}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Painting of Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq.jpg|thumb|Painting of Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq. Kept in the collection of the [[Raza Library|Raza Library Rampur]].]]
The city of Firozpur was founded by [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]], a ruler of the [[Tughlaq dynasty|Tughluq dynasty]], who reigned over the [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultanate of Delhi]] from 1351 to 1388.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |page=98}}</ref> It is located on the banks of the Sutlej River on the India–Pakistan border. The nearby [[Firozpur Cantonment]] is a major [[cantonment]] of the country.

British rule was first established in 1835, when, on the failure of heirs to the [[Sikh Empire|Sikh]] family who possessed it, a small [[escheat]] to the British government was formed, and the district was gradually formed around this nucleus. The strategic importance of Ferozepur (as it was spelled under the British) was at this time very great, and in 1839 it was the outpost of [[British India]] in the direction of the Sikh power. It accordingly became the scene of operations during the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]], in which the Sikhs crossed the [[Sutlej]] in December 1845, but were defeated and withdrew into their own territory, and peace was concluded with the [[Treaty of Lahore]]. Later, throughout the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Mutiny]] Ferozepur remained in the hands of the English.<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Ferozepur|volume=10|page=281}}</ref>

The Saragarhi Memorial Gurudwara commemorates 21 Sikh soldiers of the 36th Sikh Regiment who died in the [[Battle of Saragarhi]], defending the [[Saragarhi Fort]] against an overwhelming enemy force of 10,000 [[Pathan]] tribesmen on 12 September 1897.<ref name="TOISep2022"/><ref name="Print2019"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferozepur.nic.in/html/Saragarhi.html |title=Saragarih Memorial - Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India |publisher=Ferozepur.nic.in |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-date=18 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118053750/http://ferozepur.nic.in/html/Saragarhi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> All of the 21 soldiers were awarded the [[Indian Order of Merit]] posthumously.<ref name="TOISep2022">{{cite news |last1=Kamal |first1=Neel |title=125 years of Battle of Saragarhi: Tale of Sikh grit is heard from Punjab to United Kingdom |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/125-years-of-battle-of-saragarhi-tale-of-sikh-grit-is-heard-from-punjab-to-united-kingdom/articleshow/94125413.cms |access-date=3 June 2023 |work=The Times of India |date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="Print2019">{{cite news |last1=Panag |first1=H. S. |title=What Akshay Kumar's Kesari won't tell you: The real military account of Battle of Saragarhi |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/what-akshay-kumars-kesari-wont-tell-you-the-real-military-account-of-battle-of-saragarhi/213646/ |access-date=3 June 2023 |work=ThePrint |date=28 March 2019}}</ref>

The Barki Memorial, built in 1969, is a memorial to the soldiers of the 7 Infantry Division who died in a battle in 1965 which led to India taking the town of [[Barki, Pakistan|Barki]], 15 miles south-east of [[Lahore]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferozepur.nic.in/html/Barki.html |title=The Barki Memorial - Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India |publisher=Ferozepur.nic.in |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-date=10 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210162140/http://ferozepur.nic.in/html/Barki.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Geography==
===Climate===
{{Weather box|location = Firozpur
|width = 50%
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan high F = 66
|Feb high F = 69
|Mar high F = 78
|Apr high F = 94
|May high F = 101
|Jun high F = 103
|Jul high F = 94
|Aug high F = 91
|Sep high F = 92
|Oct high F = 89
|Nov high F = 79
|Dec high F = 69
|Jan low F = 44
|Feb low F = 47
|Mar low F = 55
|Apr low F = 65
|May low F = 73
|Jun low F = 79
|Jul low F = 79
|Aug low F = 76
|Sep low F = 74
|Oct low F = 63
|Nov low F = 52
|Dec low F = 45
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.80
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.50
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.20
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.80
|May precipitation inch = 0.80
|Jun precipitation inch = 2.40
|Jul precipitation inch = 9.00
|Aug precipitation inch = 7.40
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.40
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.20
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.50
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.80
|source 1 = <ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/INXX0193?from=dayDetails_bottomnav_business| title = Average Weather for Firozpur - Temperature and Precipitation | access-date = 25 February 2008
|publisher = The Weather Channel }}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

==Demographics==
{{see also|List of cities in Punjab and Chandigarh}}
{{bar box|width = 300px
|barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
|title=Religion in Firozpur City<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11389/download/14502/DDW03C-01%20MDDS.XLS |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community - Firozpur City |website=census.gov.in |access-date=29 June 2022}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|DarkOrange|70.47}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|Darkkhaki|26.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|Blue|2.35}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|Green|0.31}}
{{bar percent|Others|Grey|0.61}}}}

As of the [[2011 Indian Census]], Firozpur had a total population of 110,313, of which 58,451 (53%) were male and 51,862 (47%) were female. 10.6% of the population was six years old or younger. The total number of literate people in Firozpur was 78,040, which constituted 70.7% of the population, with male literacy of 73.3% and female literacy of 67.9%. The effective literacy rate (population of 7 years and above) was 79.1%, of which the male literacy rate was 82.3% and female literacy rate was 75.6%. The [[Scheduled Caste]] population was 27,395. Firozpur had 22,263 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Firozpur |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=38365 |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2 January 2020}}</ref>

===Religion===
According to the 2011 census, out of a total population of 110,313 in Firozpur city, [[Hinduism]] is followed by 77,743 (70.5%) people and [[Sikhism]] by 28,961 (26.3%). Minorities religions include [[Christianity]], [[Islam]], [[Jainism]], and [[Buddhism]].<ref name="Religion"/>

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ Religious groups in Firozpur City (1891−2011){{efn|1891-1941: Data for the entirety of the town of Firozpur, which included Firozpur Municipality and Firozpur Cantonment.<ref name="Census1941"/>{{rp|32}}|name="FirozpurCity1891to1941"}}
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in India|Religious]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |1891<ref name="Census1891">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1891-26575632/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1891 GENERAL TABLES BRITISH PROVINCES AND FEUDATORY STATES VOL I|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|68}}
! colspan="2" |1901<ref name="Census1901">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1901-26575826/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1901 VOLUME I-A INDIA PART II-TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|44}}
! colspan="2" |1911<ref name="Census1911">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1911-26575903/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1911 VOLUME XIV PUNJAB PART II TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|20}}
! colspan="2" |1921<ref name="Census1921">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1921-26575918/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1921 VOLUME XV PUNJAB AND DELHI PART II TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|23}}
! colspan="2" |1931<ref name="Census1931">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1931-26575928/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1931 VOLUME XVII PUNJAB PART II TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|26}}
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="Census1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|32}}
! colspan="2" |2011
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
| 23,047
| {{Percentage | 23047 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 21,304
| {{Percentage | 21304 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 21,542
| {{Percentage | 21542 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 24,525
| {{Percentage | 24525 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 28,253{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1931-1941: Including [[Ad-Dharmi]]s}}
| {{Percentage | 28253 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 34,543{{efn|name=ad-dharmi}}
| {{Percentage | 34543 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 77,743
| {{Percentage | 77743 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 22,018
| {{Percentage | 22018 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 24,314
| {{Percentage | 24314 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 23,409
| {{Percentage | 23409 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 24,456
| {{Percentage | 24456 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 28,464
| {{Percentage | 28464 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 38,390
| {{Percentage | 38390 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 342
| {{Percentage | 342 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 3,387
| {{Percentage | 3387 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 1,635
| {{Percentage | 1635 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 2,951
| {{Percentage | 2951 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 3,025
| {{Percentage | 3025 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 4,439
| {{Percentage | 4439 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 6,457
| {{Percentage | 6457 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 28,961
| {{Percentage | 28961 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 1,561
| {{Percentage | 1561 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 1,753
| {{Percentage | 1753 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 2,439
| {{Percentage | 2439 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 1,855
| {{Percentage | 1855 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 2,942
| {{Percentage | 2942 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 1,533
| {{Percentage | 1533 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 2,591
| {{Percentage | 2591 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
| 407
| {{Percentage | 407 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 301
| {{Percentage | 301 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 479
| {{Percentage | 479 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 476
| {{Percentage | 476 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 511
| {{Percentage | 511 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 630
| {{Percentage | 630 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 148
| {{Percentage | 148 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Zoroastrianism]] [[File:Faravahar.svg|15px]]
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 4
| {{Percentage | 4 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 16
| {{Percentage | 16 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 14
| {{Percentage | 14 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 24
| {{Percentage | 24 | 64634 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
| [[Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg|15px]]
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 1
| {{Percentage | 1 | 64634 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 43
| {{Percentage | 43 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| Others
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 949
| {{Percentage | 949 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 485
| {{Percentage | 485 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 50,437
! {{Percentage | 50437 | 50437 | 2 }}
! 49,341
! {{Percentage | 49341 | 49341 | 2 }}
! 50,836
! {{Percentage | 50836 | 50836 | 2 }}
! 54,351
! {{Percentage | 54351 | 54351 | 2 }}
! 64,634
! {{Percentage | 64634 | 64634 | 2 }}
! 82,502
! {{Percentage | 82502 | 82502 | 2 }}
! 110,313
! {{Percentage | 110313 | 110313 | 2 }}
|}

==Media==
Firozpur has an [[All India Radio]] Relay station known as Akashvani Firozpur. It broadcasts on 100.1 MHz frequency.

==Notable people==
{{see also|:Category:People from Firozpur}}

*[[Susham Bedi]], author
*[[Preet Bharara]], attorney and media personality
*[[George Bigge]], cricketer
*[[Alexander Cadell]], cricketer
*[[Sohraab Dhaliwal]], cricketer
*[[Horatio Dumbleton]], cricketer
*[[Sher Singh Ghubaya]], politician
*[[Annie Gill]], actress
*[[Balram Jakhar]], politician
*[[Charles Kindersley]], cricketer
*[[Zora Singh Maan]], politician
*[[Verma Malik]], lyricist
*[[Narain Chand Parashar]], politician
*[[Bano Qudsia]], writer
*[[Janmeja Singh Sekhon]], politician
*[[Ajit Pal Singh]], hockey player
*[[Gagan Ajit Singh]], hockey player
*[[Ganda Singh]], revolutionary
*[[Gurbaj Singh]], hockey player
*[[Princepal Singh]], basketball player
*[[Ronjan Sodhi]], shooter
*[[Manav Vij]], actor

==Notes==
{{notelist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Cite Americana|wstitle=Firozpur |short=x}}
* {{Official website|http://ferozepur.nic.in}}

{{Firozpur district}}

[[Category:Punjab]]
[[Category:Firozpur| ]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 14th century]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Firozpur district]]

Firozpur - Revision history

WikiDwarfBOT at 00:36, 22 July 2023