>Declangi at 07:49, 24 May 2021

2021-05-24T07:49:19Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}}
[[File:Nelumno nucifera open flower - botanic garden adelaide2.jpg|thumb|[[Lotus Flower|Lotus]], the national flower of India]]
{{Wildlife of India}}
The '''flora of India''' is one of the richest in the world due to the wide range of climate, topology and habitat in the country. There are estimated to be over 18,000 species of flowering plants in India, which constitute some 6-7 percent of the total plant species in the world. India is home to more than 50,000 species of plants, including a variety of [[endemics]]. The use of plants as a source of medicines has been an integral part of life in India from the earliest times. There are more than 3000 Indian plant species officially documented as possessing into eight main floristic regions : [[Western Himalayas]], [[Eastern Himalayas]], [[Assam]], [[Indus]] plain, [[Ganges]] plain, the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]], [[Malabar region|Malabar]] and the [[Andaman Islands]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bosmBAAAQBAJ|title=Geography of India|last=Majid|first=Husain|date=2014-01-01|publisher=McGraw-Hill Education|isbn=9789351343578|page=5.2|language=en}}</ref>

== Forests and wildlife resource ==
[[File:Mudumalai Wildlife Reserve Nilgiris TN India (1).jpg|thumb|Mudumalai Wildlife Reserve in Tamil Nadu]]
[[File:Indian Forest Cover.png|thumb|Indian Forest cover map as of 2015]]

In 1992, around 7,43,534 km<sup href="Category:Use Indian English from March 2016">2</sup> of land in the country was under forests of which 92 percent belongs to the government. Only 22.7 percent is forested compared to the recommended 33 percent of the National Forest Policy Resolution 1952. The majority of it are broad-leaved [[deciduous]] trees which comprise one-sixth ''[[Sal (tree)|sal]]'' and one-tenth [[teak]]. [[Coniferous forest|Coniferous]] types are found in the northern high altitude regions and comprise [[pine]]s, [[juniper]]s and ''[[Deodar forests|deodars]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yUtagKhyt9MC|title=Geography of India|last=Nag|first=Prithvish|last2=Sengupta|first2=Smita|date=1992-01-01|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=9788170223849|page=79|language=en}}</ref> India's [[forest cover]] ranges from the [[tropical rainforest]] of the [[Andaman Islands]], [[Western Ghats]], and [[Northeast India]] to the [[Temperate coniferous forest|coniferous forest]] of the Himalaya. Between these extremes lie the [[Shorea robusta|sal]]-dominated [[Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests|moist deciduous]] forest of eastern India; [[teak]]-dominated [[Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests|dry deciduous]] forest of central and southern India; and the [[Acacia nilotica indica|babul]]-dominated [[Deserts and xeric shrublands|thorn forest]] of the central Deccan and western Gangetic plain. Pine, fir, spruce, cedar, larch and cypress are the timber-yielding plants of which several also occur widely in the hilly regions of India

==See also==
*[[Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education]]
*[[List of endemic and threatened plants of India]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101222012410/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/species_database.html SPECIES CHECKLIST: Species Diversity in India]; ENVIS Centre: Wildlife & Protected Areas (Secondary Database); [[Wildlife Institute of India]] (WII)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091227234702/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/database.html ENVIS Centre: Wildlife & Protected Areas (Secondary Database)]; [[Wildlife Institute of India]] (WII)
* [http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/threatened_plants/special_habitat_threatened_plants_of_india.pdf Free EBOOK: Special Habitats and Threatened Plants of India]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}; [[Wildlife Institute of India]] (WII)
* [http://www.ecoheritage.cpreec.org/index.php ENVIS Centre on Conservation of Ecological Heritage and Sacred Sights of India]; ENVIS; C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre is a Centre of Excellence of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Flora of India}}
*[http://www.biodiversityofindia.org/index.php?title=List_of_Indian_medicinal_plants List of Indian medicinal plants] on the ''[http://www.biodiversityofindia.org Biodiversity of India]'' website. A list of 932 commercially traded Indian medicinal plants (as per the ENVIS-FRLHT database) and their taxonomic status.
*[https://archive.org/details/floraofbritishin01hookrich Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 1]
*[https://archive.org/details/floraofbritishin02hookrich Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 2]
*[https://archive.org/details/floraofbritishin03hookrich Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 3]
*[https://archive.org/details/floraofbritishin04hookrich Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 4]
*[https://archive.org/details/floraofbritishin05hookrich Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 5]
*[https://archive.org/details/floraofbritishin06hookrich Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 6]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080624000650/http://forest.ap.nic.in/Forest%20Flora%20of%20Andhra%20Pradesh/Flora%20by%20M%20Sharfuddin%20Khan/index.htm Flora of Andhra Pradesh By Sharfudding Khan]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080623210611/http://forest.ap.nic.in/Forest%20Flora%20of%20Andhra%20Pradesh/index.htm Flora of Andhra Pradesh by RD Reddy]

{{Geography of India}}
{{Asia in topic|Flora of}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Flora Of India}}
[[Category:Flora of India| ]]
[[Category:Flora of the Indian subcontinent| ]]
[[Category:Flora of the Andaman Islands| ]]

Flora of India - Revision history

>Declangi at 07:49, 24 May 2021