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{{short description|19th-century journalist from Goa, India}}<br />
'''Francisco João da Costa''', better known by his pen-name '''GIP''' (1859-1900), was a major figure in [[Goa]]n journalism of the nineteenth century.<br />
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Costa was born into a powerful dynasty, with both Catholic and Brahmin roots, which had supported Portugal's [[Regeneration (Portugal)|Regeneration]] and also supported the extension of constitutional and democratic rights to [[Portuguese India]]. Costa studied law, but alongside his legal career developed a profile as a journalist and short-story writer. Costa's uncle [[Bernardo Francisco da Costa]] owned the weekly journal ''O Ultramar'', associated with the [[Partido Ultramarino]] and Goa's [[Roman Catholic Brahmin|Brahmin caste]].<ref>Paul Melo e Castro (trans.), ''Lengthening Shadows'', 2 vols (Saligão: Goa, 1556, 2016), I pp. 13-14.</ref><br />
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Costa began writing for ''O Ultramar'' in 1882, most famously contributing the novel ''Jacob e Dulce'' ('Jacob and Dulce') in serial form between 10 November 1894 and 1 June 1895, prior to publishing the work as a book in 1896. It is set in a thinly disguised version of Costa's home town, Margão, and focuses its satire on the Catholic bourgeoisie of the [[Velhas Conquistas]] of Goa. 'Rather than a novel, ''Jacob e Dulce'' is perhaps best read as a series of sketches pushed forward narratively by the machinations surrounding an arranged marriage' between its eponymous protagonists. Influenced by the writing of the Portuguese satiric realist [[Eça de Queiroz]], ''Jacob e Dulce'' is noted for moving Goan writing beyond [[Romanticism]] towards [[Social realism]], developing social sature, and capturing a colloquial and local tone in the Portguguese dialogue.<ref>Paul Melo e Castro (trans.), ''Lengthening Shadows'', 2 vols (Saligão: Goa, 1556, 2016), I pp. 14-15, 17-18 (quoting p. 14).</ref> It has run to several editions.<ref>Gip, ''Jacob e Dulce: scenas da vida indiana'' (Margão: Typographia do Ultramar, 1896); Francisco João da Costa, ''Jacob e Dulce: scenas da vida Indiana'', 2nd edn pref. by Visconde de Tauney (Nova Goa: Casa Luso-Francesa, 1907); Francisco João da Costa, ''Jacob e Dulce'', 3rd edn pref. by Jeremias Xavier de Carvalho (Goa: Tipografia Sadananda, 1974).</ref><br />
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It appears that the opprobrium which Costa's satires provoked led him to cease fiction-writing after ''Dulce e Dulce''.<ref>Paul Melo e Castro (trans.), ''Lengthening Shadows'', 2 vols (Saligão: Goa, 1556, 2016), I p. 21.</ref><br />
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==Translations==<br />
*Francisco João da Costa, ''Jacob & Dulce (sketches from Indo-Portuguese life)'', trans. by Álvaro Noronha da Costa (New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 2004)<br />
*GIP, 'Jacob and Carapinho', in ''Lengthening Shadows'', trans. by Paul Melo e Castro, 2 vols (Saligão: Goa, 1556, 2016), I pp.&nbsp;83–86.<br />
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==References==<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Costa, Francisco Joao GIP da}}<br />
[[Category:1859 births]]<br />
[[Category:1900 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian novelists]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male short story writers]]<br />
[[Category:Novelists from Goa]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian short story writers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Roman Catholics]]<br />
[[Category:Portuguese-language writers]]<br />
[[Category:Goan Catholics]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century male writers]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian journalists]]<br />
[[Category:Journalists from Goa]]<br />
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