>Xoddam at 07:16, 10 May 2021

2021-05-10T07:16:31Z

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{{for|the New Zealand seaman, farmer and writer|Frank Sheldon Anthony}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{refimprove|date=June 2013}}
[[File:Frank Anthony 2003 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Anthony on a 2003 stamp of India]]
'''Frank Anthony''' (25 September 1908 – 3 December 1993) was a prominent leader of the [[Anglo-Indian]] community in [[India]], and was until his death [[Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Lok Sabha|their nominated representative]] in the [[Parliament of India]] except 6th and 9th Lok Sabha. He served as the president of the [[All India Anglo-Indian Association]].<ref name="Mansingh">{{cite book |last1=Mansingh |first1=Surjit |title=Historical Dictionary of India |date=2006 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6502-0 |page=61 |language=English |quote=Anthony was vocally critical of the British Raj in India for its racial discrimination in matters of pay and allowances, and for failing to acknowledge the sterling military and civil contributions made by Anglo-Indians to the Raj. Anthony vociferously opposed Partition and fought for the best interests of his community as Indians, not Britishers.}}</ref>

He was also the founder of the [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]] (CISCE) which operates the ICSE board of Education in India.<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=St Kabir School win debate contest |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020430/cth2.htm |newspaper=Chandigarh Tribune |location=Chandigarh, India |date=30 April 2002 |accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Frank Anthony was born in [[Jubbulpore]] (Presently known as 'Jabalpur') on 25 September 1908. He studied at [[Nagpur University]] and [[Inner Temple]], [[London]] and became [[Bar-at-law]].

== Role in Constituent Assembly ==
In 1942{{ndash}}46 he was a member of the [[Central Legislative Assembly]], and later a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India]] during 1946{{ndash}}50 and represented the Anglo-Indian community in assembly. He was also temporary vice president of Constituent Assembly & he was a part of the Advisory Committee and Sub-committee on Minorities.<ref>[http://cadindia.clpr.org.in/constituent_assembly_members/frank_anthony Frank Anthony's Timeline]. Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 15 November 2018.</ref>

==Career==
In 1942, Anthony was elected the president-in-chief of the community of the [[All India Anglo-Indian Association]]. He [[opposition to the partition of India|opposed the partition of India]] on the grounds that it would jeopardise the interests of the minority communities.<ref name="Mansingh"/> When the future of India was being decided by British, Hindu and Muslim leaders, he presented the Anglo-Indian case to [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]] and [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], and they agreed to make special provisions for the Anglo-Indians in the [[Constitution of India|Indian Constitution]]. In particular, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community in the [[Lok Sabha]] (Lower House) of the Indian parliament, the only reserved seats in the House. These seats were abolished in 2020 by the [[One Hundred and Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India]].

Anthony was a member of the Provisional Parliament during 1950{{ndash}}52. He was nominated to all [[Lok Sabha]] from the 1st till the 10th, except the 6th and 9th Lok Sabha.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/biodata_1_12/594.htm |title= ANTHONY, SHRI FRANK, Tenth Lok Sabha Members Bioprofile |publisher= Lok Sabha Secretariat |accessdate= 16 February 2012 |url-status= dead |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20111219064447/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/biodata_1_12/594.htm |archivedate= 19 December 2011 |df= dmy-all }}</ref>

After Anthony retired from practising as a lawyer, Prime Minister Nehru in 1952 asked him to go to [[Peshawar]] to defend [[Mehr Chand Khanna]], the ex-finance minister of the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North-West Frontier Province]]. In those days no Hindu lawyer would go to Peshawar. Following Anthony's discussions with the chief minister, Khanna was released. In October 1946, he was one of India's delegates at the [[United Nations]]. In 1948 and 1957, he represented India at the [[Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference]]. In 1978, Anthony assisted the Nehru family when [[Indira Gandhi]] was arrested.

Anthony's greatest contribution was in the field of Anglo-Indian education. In 1947, he was elected chairman of the Inter-State Board of Anglo-Indian Education. He was also the Founder-Chairman of the All India Anglo-Indian Educational Trust which, today, owns and administers six schools named after him, including [[The Frank Anthony Public School, New Delhi]], [[The Frank Anthony Public School, Bengaluru]], [[The Frank Anthony Public School, Kolkata]] and three Frank Anthony Junior Schools in the cities of [[Bangalore]], [[Kolkata]] and [[Delhi]]. These schools took as inspiration the model of the long-establish English [[Public School (United Kingdom)|public school]].

Anthony was also the chairman of the ICSE Council.

==See also==
*[[The Frank Anthony Memorial All-India Inter-School Debate]]

== References ==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Anthony, Frank}}
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:Anglo-Indian people]]
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh politicians]]
[[Category:1993 deaths]]
[[Category:Educators from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]]
[[Category:People from Jabalpur]]
[[Category:Nominated members of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:1st Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:2nd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:3rd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:4th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:7th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:8th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:10th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educational theorists]]

Frank Anthony - Revision history

>Xoddam at 07:16, 10 May 2021