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{{Infobox ragam
| name = Gambhiranata
| synonym =
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela =
| chakra =
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|G3|M1|P|N3|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N3|P|M1|G3|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2011}}
{{Carnatic}}
'''Gambhiranata''' is a [[rāga]] in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music) and [[Yakshagana]] where it is called '''Naati'''. It is an ''audava'' rāgam (or ''owdava'' rāga, meaning pentatonic scale). It is a ''[[janya]]'' rāga (derived scale), as it does not have all the seven ''[[swara]]s'' (musical notes). ''Gambhiranata'' is also known as ''Shuddha Nata''.<ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref>

==Structure and Lakshana==
[[Image:Gambhiranata scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Gambhiranata'' scale with ''shadjam'' at C]]

''Gambhiranata'' is a symmetric rāga that does not contain ''rishabham'' or ''dhaivatam''. It is a pentatonic scale (''audava-audava'' ragam<ref name="raganidhi" /><ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref> in Carnatic music classification – ''audava'' meaning 'of 5'). Its ascending and descending scale structure (''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'') is as follows:

*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]] : {{svaraC|S|G3|M1|P|N3|S'|foot=yes}}
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]] : {{svaraC|S'|N3|P|M1|G3|S|foot=yes}}

The notes used in this scale are ''shadjam, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam'' and ''kakali nishadam'' (see [[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]] for details on below notation and terms). ''Gambhiranata'' is considered a ''janya'' rāgam of ''[[Chalanata]]'', the 36th ''[[Melakarta]]'' rāgam, though it can be derived from 8 other melakarta rāgams, by dropping both ''rishabham'' and ''dhaivatam''.

==Popular Compositions==
''Gambhiranata'' rāgam lends itself for elaboration due to the pentatonic nature and symmetricity of the scale. The mallari tune played in ''[[Nadhaswaram]]'' at temple processions are set to this musical scale.<ref name="ragas" /> Here are some compositions set to this scale.

*''Mudadinda Ninna kondaduvenu'': ancient traditional invocation song in Yakshagana.
*''Sri jalandharam'' composed by [[Jayachamaraja Wodeyar Bahadur|Jayachamaraja Wodeyar]]
*''Jayadevaki kishora'' by [[Swati Tirunal]]
*''Sharanambe vani'' by [[Purandaradasa]]
*''Ini aedu kavalai'' by [[Periyasaamy Thooran]]
*'' Varnam - Amma Anandadayini'' by [[M. Balamuralikrishna]]
*''Girijaramana'' by [[Mysore Vasudevachar]]
*'''Kalinga Narthana Thillana''' and Sri Vighna rajam bhaje'''- [[Oothukkadu Venkata Kavi|Othukkadu venkata kavi]]'''

== Film Songs ==
===Language: [[Tamil language|Tamil]]===
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background:#5F9EA0" |Song
!style="background:#5F9EA0" |Movie
!style="background:#5F9EA0" |Composer
!style="background:#5F9EA0" |Singer
|-
|Ventriduven Unnai(Ragamalika opening portion only)
|[[Agathiyar]]
|[[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
|Maanikkka Theril Maragatha
|[[Thedi Vandha Mappillai]]
|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Mahaganapathim
|[[Sindhu Bhairavi (film)|Sindhu Bhairavi]]
|rowspan="14"|[[Illayaraja]]
|[[K.J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Mettioli Katrodu
|[[Metti (film)|Metti]]
|[[Illayaraja]], [[S. Janaki]](Humming only)
|-
|Kavithai Kelungal(Ragamalika)
|[[Punnagai Mannan]]
|[[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Aala Asathum
|[[Kanni Rasi]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Isai Paadu Nee
|Isai Paadum Thendral
|rowspan="2"|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Oh Oh Oh Kaalai Kuyilgale
|[[Unnai Vaazhthi Paadugiren]]
|-
|Holi Holi
|[[Raasukutti]]
|rowspan="3"|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Innum Ennai (Gambeeranattai with Tilang)
|[[Singaravelan]]
|-
|Podu Thanthanathom
|[[Nalla Naal]]

|-
|Panivizhum Malar Vanam (in Chalanattai)
|[[Ninaivellam Nithya]]
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Nan Deva devi
|[[Thangakkili]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Oru Pattampochi
|[[Kadhalukku Mariyadhai]]
|[[K.J. Yesudas]], [[Sujatha Mohan|Sujatha]]
|-
|Naan Ondru Kettal
|Ilayaragam
|Arunmozhi, [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Peigaley Nambathey
|[[Mahanadi (film)|Mahanadi]]
|[[Kamal Haasan]], [[Shanmugasundari]]
|-
|Sandhosha Kannire
|[[Uyire]]
|rowspan="4"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|-
|Spiderman
|[[New (film)|New]]
|[[Kunal Ganjawala]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|Narumugaiye Narumugaiye
|rowspan="2"|[[Iruvar]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Bombay Jayashree]]
|-
|Vennila Vennila
|[[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
|Thom Thom
|[[Alli Thandha Vaanam]]
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Thangamagan Indru
|[[Baashha]]
|rowspan=2|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[K.J. Yesudas]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Devi Devi
|Santharpam
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Uma Ramanan]]
|-
|Irupathu Kodi Nilavugal
|[[Thulladha Manamum Thullum]]
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
|-
|Mudhalam Santhippil
|[[Charlie Chaplin (2002 film)|Charlie Chaplin]]
|[[Bharani (composer)|Bharani]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Solaigal Ellam
|Pookalai Pareekatheergal
|[[T. Rajendar]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Uyire Uyire
|[[Vaanam Vasappadum]]
|[[Mahesh Mahadevan]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Ganga]]
|-
|Iyengaru Veetu Azhagey
|[[Anniyan]]
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
|-
|Chennai Senthamizh (inspired from Mahaganapathim)
|[[M. Kumaran Son of Mahalakshmi]]
|[[Srikanth Deva]]
|[[Harish Raghavendra]]
|-
|Jingunamani
|[[Jilla]]
|rowspan="2"|[[D. Imman]]
|[[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|-
|Ammukuttiye
|[[Gemini Ganeshanum Suruli Raajanum]]
|Pradeep Kumar
|}

==Related rāgams==
=== Graha bhedam ===
''Gambhiranata's'' notes when shifted using ''[[Graha bhedam]]'', yields another pentatonic rāgam, ''[[Bhupalam]]''. ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. For more details and illustration of this concept refer ''[[Graha bhedam#Gambhiranata|Graha bhedam on Gambhiranata]]''.

*''[[Amritavarshini]]'' is a rāgam which has ''prati madhyamam'' in place of the ''shuddha madhyamam''. See below table for more details.
*''[[Hamsadhvani]]'' is a rāgam which has ''chathusruthi rishabham'' in place of the ''shuddha madhyamam''. See below table for more details.

<div align="center">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rāgam !! ''Śruti''<br />Tonic !! C!! !! D!! !! E!! F!! !! G!! !! A!! !! B!! C
|-
| ''Gambhiranata'' || C
|width="25px"| S
|width="15px"|
|width="15px"|
|width="15px"|
|width="25px"| G3
|width="25px"| '''M1'''
|width="15px"|
|width="25px"| P
|width="15px"|
|width="15px"|
|width="15px"|
|width="25px"| N3
|width="25px"| S'
|-
| ''[[Amritavarshini]]'' || C || S || || || || G3 || || '''M2''' || P || || || || N3 || S'
|-
| ''[[Hamsadhvani]]'' || C || S || || '''R2''' || || G3 || || || P || || || || N3 || S'
|}
</div>'''Grahabedam'''
{| class="wikitable"
!Rāgam
!
!C
!
!D
!
!E
!F
!
!G
!
!A
!
!B
!C
|-
|''Gambhiranata''
|
|S
|
|
|
|G3
|M1
|
|P
|
|
|
|N3
|S'
|-
|''[[Bhupalam]]''
|
|D1,
|
|
|
|S
|R1
|
|G2
|
|
|
|P
|D1
|-
|''[[Hamsanadam]]''
|
|P,
|
|
|
|N3
|S
|
|R2
|
|
|
|M2
|P
|-
|
|
|M1,
|
|
|
|D2
|N2
|
|S
|
|
|
|G3
|M1
|-
|}

===Scale similarities===
*''[[Nata (raga)|Nata]]'' is a rāgam which has scale of ''[[Chalanata]]'', the 36th ''[[Melakarta]]'' rāgam, in the ascending scale, while retaining the descending scale similar to ''Gambhiranata''. Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure is S R3 G3 M1 P D3 N3 S : S N3 P M1 G3 S

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Melakarta ragas}}
{{Janya}}

[[Category:Janya Ragas]]

Gambhiranata - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 22:55, 13 August 2023