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{{About|the district|its eponymous city|Ganjam}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ganjam district
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]] of [[Odisha]]
| image_skyline = Gopalpur port,Brahmapur,Ganjam,Odisha 3.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = A beach in [[Gopalpur, Odisha|Gopalpur]], on the coast of Ganjam district
| nickname =
| image_map = India Odisha Ganjam district.svg
| map_caption = Location in Odisha, India
| coordinates = {{coord|19.383|N|85.05|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Chatrapur]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title1 = [[District Collector|Collector & District Magistrate]]
| leader_name1 = Shri Vijay Amruta Kulange, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_title2 = [[Superintendent of Police (India)|SP of Ganjam Police District]]
| leader_name2 = Brijesh Kumar Rai, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| leader_title3 = [[Superintendent of Police (India)|SP of Berhampur Police District]]
| leader_name3 = Pinak Mishra, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 8070.6
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 3,529,031
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = 429
| population_rank = 1st
| population_demonym = Ganjami
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 761 xxx / 760 xxx
| registration_plate = OD-07(for Ganjam) OD-32 (for Bhanjanagar)
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Brahmapur, Odisha|Brahmapur]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = {{convert|1295.6|mm|in}}
| website = {{URL|https://ganjam.nic.in}}
| demographics1_info1 = [[Odia language|Odia]], [[English language|English]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 0.981 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 83.86%
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Berhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Berhampur]] [[Aska (Lok Sabha constituency)|Aska]]
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha constituency]]
| blank5_info_sec1 = 13 {{collapsible list|title={{nbsp}}|123-[[Bhanjanagar (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhanjanagar]] 124-[[Polasara (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Polasara]] 125-[[Kabisuryanagar (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kabisuryanagar]] 126-[[Khallikote (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khallikote]](SC) 127-[[Chhatrapur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chhatrapur]](SC) 128-[[Aska (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aska]] 129-[[Surada (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Surada]] 130-[[Sanakhemundi (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sanakhemundi]] 131-[[Hinjili (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hinjili]] 132-[[Gopalpur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gopalpur]] 133-[[Berhampur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Berhampur]] 134-[[Digapahandi (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Digapahandi]] 135-[[Chikiti (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chikiti]]}}
}}
{{State of Odisha}}
'''Ganjam district''' is a district in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Odisha]]. Ganjam's total area is 8,070 km² (3,116 mi²).

The district headquarters is [[Chhatrapur]]. Ganjam is divided into three sub-divisions [[Chhatrapur]], [[Berhampur]], and [[Bhanjanagar]]. ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'' 1908 lists Ganjam, along with the [[Thanjavur District|Thanjavur]] and [[South Canara]] districts, as the three districts of the [[Madras Presidency]] where [[Brahmins]] were most numerous.
As of 2011 it is the most populous district of [[Odisha]] (out of [[List of districts of Odisha|30]]).<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref>

==History==
Ganjam was a part of ancient Dakshina [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]]. The Mauryan emperor [[Ashoka]] inscribed his message at [[Jaugada]] near the banks of the [[Rushikulya River|Rushikulya]], in the present-day Ganjam district. Scholars thus conclude that a significant part of Ganjam was under the rule of Ashoka. There are multiple theories regarding the name 'Ganjam'. During the 7th century, the region was known as [[Kongoda|Kangoda or Kongoda]]. Some scholars believe the word evolved from this ancient name while others suggest the name of the region likely derives from the Persian word "Ganj", meaning 'granary' or 'market' thus signifying the importance of historical ports and being the respective center of trade and commerce.<ref>{{citation |title=ODISHA DISTRICT GAZETTEERS GANJAM |publisher=GAD, Govt of Odisha |url=http://gopabandhuacademy.gov.in/sites/default/files/CHAPTER_1_11.pdf |page=1 |date=1991 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Panda|first=Dr. Sanjay Kumar|title=Chiktira Sahitya O Sahityika|publisher=Sahitya Swetapadma|year=2014|isbn=978-93-80759-65-4|location=Bhubaneswar|pages=15–16|language=or|trans-title=Chikiti's literature & litterateurs}}</ref>

Ganjam district is one of the oldest administrative units of Odisha. It was part of Madras presidency during British rule.<ref name="Maltby Leman 1882 p. ">{{cite book | last1=Maltby | first1=T.J. | last2=Leman | first2=G.D. | title=The Ganjam District Manual | publisher=W.H. Moore, Lawrence Asylum Press | year=1882 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RpEIAAAAQAAJ | language=id | access-date=2019-07-11 }}</ref>

== Administrative setup ==
The 23 Tahasils in Ganjam district under three sub-divisions<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ganjam.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/subdivision/|title = Subdivision | District Ganjam, Government of Odisha | India}}</ref> are listed in the following table.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ 23 Tahasils<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ganjam.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/tehsil/|title = Tehsil List | District Ganjam, Government of Odisha | India}}</ref>
! # !! [[Chhatrapur|Chhatrapur Sub-Division]] !! [[Berhampur|Berhampur Sub-Division]] !! [[Bhanjanagar|Bhanjanagar Sub-Division]]
|-
| 1 || [[Chhatrapur]] || [[Berhampur]] || [[Bhanjanagar]]
|-
| 2 || [[Ganjam]] || [[Kanisi, Berhampur|Konisi]] || [[Aska (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aska]]
|-
| 3 || [[Khallikote]] || [[Kukudakhandi]] || Sheragada
|-
| 4 || [[Purushottampur]] || [[Patrapur]] || [[Dharakot]]
|-
| 5 || [[Hinjilicut]] || [[Chikiti]] || [[Surada]]
|-
| 6 || [[Kabisuryanagar]] || [[Digapahandi]] || [[Bellaguntha]]
|-
| 7 || [[Polasara]] || [[Sanakhemundi]] || [[Jagannathprasad]]
|-
| 8 || [[Kodala]] || || [[Buguda]]
|}

The 22 Blocks in Ganjam district under three sub-divisions are listed in the following table.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ganjam.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/block/|title = Block List | District Ganjam, Government of Odisha | India}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ 22 Blocks
! # !! [[Chhatrapur|Chhatrapur Sub-Division]] !! [[Berhampur|Berhampur Sub-Division]] !! [[Bhanjanagar|Bhanjanagar Sub-Division]]
|-
| 1 || [[Chhatrapur]] || '''Rangeilunda''' || [[Bhanjanagar]]
|-
| 2 || [[Ganjam]] || [[Kukudakhandi]] || [[Aska (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aska]]
|-
| 3 || [[Khallikote]] || [[Patrapur]] || '''Sheragada'''
|-
| 4 || [[Purushottampur]] || [[Chikiti]] || [[Dharakot]]
|-
| 5 || [[Hinjilicut]] || [[Digapahandi]] || [[Surada]]
|-
| 6 || [[Kabisuryanagar]] || [[Sanakhemundi]] || [[Belaguntha|Bellaguntha]]
|-
| 7 || [[Polasara]] || || [[Jagannathprasad]]
|-
| 8 || '''Beguniapada''' || || [[Buguda]]
|}

'''There are 39 Police Stations under the two Police Districts in Ganjam Administrative district are listed in the following table.'''

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ 39 Police Stations
! !! [[Odisha Police|Ganjam Police District]] !![[Odisha Police|Berhampur Police District]]
|-
| 1 || [[Chhatrapur|Chhatrapur P.S.]] || [[Berhampur|Berhampur Town P.S., Berhampur]]
|-
| 2 || Chamakhandi P.S. || Baidyanathpur P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 3 || [[Ganjam|Ganjam P.S.]] || Bada Bazar P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 4 || Rambha P.S. || Gosaninuagaon P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 5 || [[Khallikote|Khallikote P.S.]] || Mahila P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 6 || Marine P.S., Arjyapalli || Sadar P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 7 || Energy P.S., Chhatrapur || [[Gopalpur, Odisha|Gopalpur P.S.]]
|-
| 8 || [[Purushottampur|Purushottampur P.S.]] || [[Golanthara|Golanthara P.S.]]
|-
| 9 || [[Kabisuryanagar|Kabisuryanagar P.S.]] || K. Nuagaon P.S.
|-
| 10 || [[Kodala|Kodala P.S.]] || Jarada P.S.
|-
| 11 || [[Polasara|Polasara P.S.]] || [[Digapahandi|Digapahandi P.S.]]
|-
| 12 || [[Asika|Aska P.S.]] || Energy P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 13 || [[Hinjili|Hinjili P.S.]] || Cyber P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 14 || Pattapur P.S. || Traffic P.S., Berhampur
|-
| 15 || [[Surada|Surada P.S.]] ||
|-
| 16 || Badagada P.S. ||
|-
| 17 || Sheragada P.S. ||
|-
| 18 || [[Dharakote|Dharakote P.S.]] ||
|-
| 19 || [[Bhanjanagar|Bhanjanagar P.S.]] ||
|-
| 20 || Gangapur P.S. ||
|-
| 21 || [[Buguda|Buguda P.S.]] ||
|-
| 22 || [[Jagannathprasad|Jagannathprasad P.S.]] ||
|-
| 23 || Tarasingi P.S. ||
|-
| 24 || [[Bellaguntha|Bellaguntha P.S.]] ||
|-
| 25 || Energy P.S., Bhanjanagar||
|}

==Economy==
{{mapframe|frame=yes|type=point|zoom=SWITCH:11, 9, 7|switch=zoomed in, zoomed mid, zoomed out}}
An important contributor to the local economy is production of extracts from [[Ganjam Kewda Rooh]], which are used in perfumery.

Since Ganjam is a coastal district, it is well equipped with Port facilities. Port at Gopalpur and nearby industries cater economic activities of the district and Odisha state.<ref>https://www.gopalpurports.in</ref>

==Demographics==

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Ganjam district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,529,031,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Lithuania]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote =Lithuania 3,535,547 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Connecticut 3,574,097
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=2011-01-01
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 83rd in [[India]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 429 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 11.37%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Ganjam has a [[sex ratio]] of 983 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 71.88%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 91.29% of the population in the district spoke [[Odia language|Odia]], 7.17% [[Telugu language|Telugu]], 0.44% [[Kui language (India)|Kui]] and 0.42% [[Sora language|Sora]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=9,57,123|13=1911|14=10,64,172|15=1921|16=10,29,623|17=1931|18=11,65,908|19=1941|20=13,08,056|21=1951|22=13,61,831|23=1961|24=15,87,461|25=1971|26=19,44,844|27=1981|28=22,67,628|29=1991|30=27,04,056|31=2001|32=31,60,635|33=2011|34=35,29,031|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}

{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Languages of Ganjam district in 2011 census
| label1 = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| value1 = 91.29
| color1 = Gold
| label2 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| value2 = 7.17
| color2 = Maroon
| label3 = Others
| value3 = 1.54
| color3 = Grey
}}

==Politics==

===Vidhan sabha constituencies===
{{main|List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha}}
The following is the [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan sabha]] constituencies<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Orissa/orissa.pdf Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent]</ref><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/delim/paper1to7/Orissa.xls Seats of Odisha]</ref> of Ganjam and the elected members<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ws.ori.nic.in/ola/mlaprofile/listofmem1.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070502003512/http://ws.ori.nic.in/ola/mlaprofile/listofmem1.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 May 2007 |title=List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly |work=ws.ori.nic.in |quote=MEMBER NAME |access-date=19 February 2013 }}</ref> of the area

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!No.
!Constituency
!Reservation
!Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks)
!Member of 16th Assembly
![[Political party|Party]]
|-
!123
|[[Bhanjanagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhanjanagar]]
|None
|Bhanjanagar (NAC), Bhanjanagar, Jagannathprasad
|Bikram Keshari Arukha
| bgcolor="#006400" | [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!124
|[[Polasara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Polasara]]
|None
|Buguda (NAC), Polasara (NAC), Buguda, Polasara
| Srikanta Sahu
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!125
|[[Kabisuryanagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kabisuryanagar]]
|None
|Kabisuryanagar (NAC), Kodala (NAC), Beguniapada, Kabisuryanagar (part), Purusottampur (part)
|Smt. Latika Pradhan
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!126
|[[Khalikote (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khalikote]]
|SC
| Khalikote(NAC), Purusottampur (NAC), Khalikote, Purusottampur (part) 
| Smt. Suryamani Baidya
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!127
|[[Chhatrapur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chhatrapur]]
|SC
|Chhatrapur (NAC), Ganjam (NAC), Rambha (NAC), Ganjam, Chhatrapur
| Subash Chandra Pradhan
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!128
|[[Aska (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aska]]
|None
|Aska (NAC), Aska, Kabisuryanagar (part)
| Smt. Manjula Swain
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!129
|[[Surada (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Surada]]
|None
|Surada (NAC), [[Bellaguntha]] (NAC), Surada, [[Belaguntha|Bellaguntha]],
| Purna Chandra Swain
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!130
|[[Sanakhemundi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sanakhemundi]]
|None
|Sanakhemundi, Dharakote
| Ramesh Chandra Jena
| style="background:#00BFFF"| [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
!131
|[[Hinjili (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hinjili]]
|None
|Hinjilicut (Municipality), Hinjilicut, Hinjili Sheragada
|[[Naveen Patnaik]]
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!132
|[[Gopalpur, Odisha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gopalpur]]
|None
|Gopalpur (NAC), Rangailunda, Kukudakhandi (part), Berhampur (M) (part)
| Pradeep Kumar Panigrahy
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!133
|[[Berhampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Berhampur]]
|None
|Berhampur (Municipal Corporation) (Part), 
| Bikram Kumar Panda
| bgcolor="#006400" |BJD
|-
!134
|[[Digapahandi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Digapahandi]]
|None
|Digapahandi (NAC), Digapahandi, Kukudakhandi (Part) 
| Surjya Narayana Patro
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|-
!135
|[[Chikiti (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chikiti]]
|None
|Chikiti (NAC), Chikiti Block, Patrapur Block
|Smt. Usha Devi
| bgcolor="#006400" |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|}

===Lok Sabha constituencies===

Since 2008, Ganjam district is represented in [[Berhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)]] and [[Aska (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

Berhampur seat earlier [[Ganjam (Lok Sabha constituency)]] exist in 1952 and 1957 general elections as two seat constituency and [[Chatarpur (Lok Sabha constituency)]] exist in 1962, 1967 and 1971 general elections and later Berhanpur seat exist since 1977 general elections.

Aska seat exist since 1977 general elections and earlier as [[Bhanjanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)]] seat in 1962, 1967 and 1971 general elections
<ref name="angul-ls">{{cite web|title=All Members of Lok Sabha (Since 1952) Members Biographical Sketches|url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/lokprev.aspx|access-date=21 December 2017}}</ref>

==People from Ganjam district==
* [[Upendra Bhanja|Kabi Samrat Upendra Bhanja]], Poet
* [[Baladev Rath|Kabisurjya Baladeb Rath]], Poet
* [[V.V. Giri]], [[List of Presidents of India|former President of India]]
* [[Bishwanath Das]], [[List of Governors of Uttar Pradesh|former Governor of Uttar Pradesh]] and [[List of Chief Ministers of Odisha|former Chief Minister of Odisha]]
* [[Biju Patnaik]], [[List of Chief Ministers of Odisha|former Chief Minister of Odisha]]
* [[Binayak Acharya]], [[List of Chief Ministers of Odisha|former Chief Minister of Odisha]]
* Justice [[B. Jagannadha Das]], former Chief Justice of Orissa High Court
* Justice [[Lingaraj Panigrahi]], former Chief Justice of [[Orissa High Court]] and [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|former Speaker of Odisha Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Somanath Rath, former Speaker of Odisha Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Smt. A. Laxmibai, first Woman Deputy Speaker of Odisha Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Sashi Bhusan Rath]], Social reformer & Politician
* [[A. P. Patro|Aneppu Parasuramdas Patro]]: [[Indian Justice Party|Justice Party]] leader and Education Minister in the [[Raja of Panagal]] Government
* [[Naveen Patnaik]] : The current & 14th Chief Minister of [[Odisha]] , is also MLA(Member of Legislative Assembly) from [[Hinjilicut]] , Ganjam District, Odisha.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{official website|http://ganjam.nic.in/}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Ganjam district
|North = [[Nayagarh district]]
|Northeast = [[Khordha district]]
|East = [[Puri district]]
|Southeast = ''[[Bay of Bengal]]''
|South = [[Srikakulam district]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Gajapati district]]
|Northwest = [[Kandhamal district]]
}}

{{Ganjam district}}
{{Odisha}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ganjam District}}
[[Category:Ganjam district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Odisha]]

Ganjam district - Revision history

->Citation bot at 05:16, 6 October 2021