https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Georg_BraunGeorg Braun - Revision history2026-07-31T02:54:51ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Georg_Braun&diff=422113&oldid=prevAjay Kumar at 21:00, 29 August 20232023-08-29T21:00:48Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}<br />
{{for|other people with the same name|Georg Braun (footballer)|Georg Braun (motorcyclist)}}<br />
{{Short description|German cleric, canon, dean and topographer (1541–1622)}}<br />
[[File:Zurych Turicum.jpg|thumb|A 1581 bird's-eye etching of [[Zürich]], published by Georg Braun and [[Frans Hogenberg]].]]<br />
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'''Georg Braun''' (also ''Brunus, Bruin''; 1541 &ndash; 10 March 1622) was a German topo-[[geographer]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171109023424/http://mdz10.bib-bvb.de/~db/0001/bsb00016318/images/index.html?id=00016318&nativeno=550 Neue Deutsche Biographie]</ref> From 1572 to 1617, he edited the ''Civitates orbis terrarum,'' which contains 546 prospects, bird's-eye views and maps of cities from all around the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/mapmakers/braun_hogenberg.html |title=Civitates orbis terrarum - Braun and Hogenberg |publisher=Historic-cities.huji.ac.il |access-date=15 January 2014}}</ref> He was the principal editor of the work, he acquired the tables, hired the artists, and wrote the texts. He died as an octogenarian in 1622, as the only survivor of the original team to witness the publication of volume VI in 1617.<br />
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==Biography==<br />
[[File:Braun&Hogenberg Trier 1572.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Historical view of [[Trier]], Germany, published in ''Civitates Orbis Terrarum'' with Frans Hogenberg]]<br />
Braun was born and died in [[Cologne]]. His principal profession was as a [[Catholic]] [[cleric]]. He spent thirty-seven years as [[Canon (priest)|canon]] and [[Dean (religion)|dean]] at the church, [[St. Maria ad Gradus]], in Cologne. His six-volume work was inspired by [[Sebastian Münster]]'s ''[[Cosmographia (Sebastian Münster)|Cosmographia]]''. In form and layout it resembles the 1570 ''[[Theatrum orbis terrarum]]'' by [[Abraham Ortelius]], as Ortelius was interested in a complementary companion for the Theatrum.<br />
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The Braun publication set new standards in cartography for over 100 years. [[Frans Hogenberg]] (1535–1590, from [[Mechelen]]) created the tables for volumes I through IV, and [[Simon van den Neuwel]] created those for volumes V and VI. Other contributors were [[Joris Hoefnagel]], [[Jacob Hoefnagel]], cartographer [[Daniel Freese]], and [[Heinrich Rantzau]]. Works by [[Jacob van Deventer (cartographer)|Jacob van Deventer]], [[Sebastian Münster]], and [[Johann Stumpf (writer)|Johannes Stumpf]] were also used. Primarily European cities are depicted in the publication; however, [[Cairo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/egypt/cairo/maps/braun_hogenberg_I_55.html |title= Map of Cairo, 1572, Braun and Hogenberg}}</ref> [[Casablanca]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/morocco/casablanca/maps/braun_hogenberg_I_57_1.html |title=Map of Casablanca, 1572, Braun and Hogenberg |publisher=Historic-cities.huji.ac.il |access-date=15 January 2014}}</ref> and [[Mexico City]] as well as [[Cuzco]] on one sheet<ref>{{cite web|url=http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/america/mexico/maps/braun_hogenberg_I_58_1.html |title=Map of Mexico City & Cuzco, 1572, Braun and Hogenberg |publisher=Historic-cities.huji.ac.il |access-date=15 January 2014}}</ref> are also included in volume I, whereas [[Tunis]] is featured in volume II.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/tunis/tunis/maps/braun_hogenberg_II_58.html |title=Map of Tunis, 1575, Braun and Hogenberg}}</ref><br />
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==Sources==<br />
* James Elliot (1987), ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=RoAWHgAACAAJ The City in Maps: Urban Mapping to 1900],'' British Library London, {{ISBN|0-7123-0134-8}}<br />
* Ronald Vere Tooley (1979), ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=J73sAAAACAAJ Tooley's Dictionary of Mapmakers],'' {{ISBN|0-8451-1701-7}}<br />
* [[Leo Bagrow]], [[Abraham Ortelius]]: ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UcKyKAAACAAJ A. Ortelii Catalogus Cartographorum],'' J. Perthes (1928) (link broken)<br />
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==Gallery==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:PPN750079541 Hamburgum (1588).jpg|Hamburg (Hamburgum)<br />
File:Kronborg Braun-Hogenberg.jpg|Kronborg Castle and the Øresund<br />
File:Braun-Lipsae-Insignis.png|Leipzig (Lipsae Insignis)<br />
File:Braun-mexico-cuzco.png|Mexico City and Cuzco<br />
File:Map of Nijmegen (Noviomagum) ca 1570.jpg|Nijmegen (Noviomagum)<br />
</gallery><br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
{{commons category|Georg Braun}}<br />
* {{NDB|2|550||Braun, Georg|Geldner, Ferdinand}}<br />
* {{DNB portal|100054633|TYP=}}<br />
** Wolfgang Bruhn: ''[http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/SET=8/TTL=1/SHW?FRST=4 Alte deutsche Städtebilder : 24 farb. Blätter / Georg Braun; Franz Hogenberg]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }},'' J. Asmus, Leipzig (1938)<br />
** Georg Braun, Franz Hogenberg: ''[http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/SET=7/TTL=11/SHW?FRST=12 Old European Cities: 16th century city maps and texts]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }},'' with a description by Ruthardt Oehme of early map-making techniques, London (1965)<br />
* [http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/mapmakers/braun_hogenberg.html Civitates orbis terrarum] (description and high-res scans)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150722231036/http://www.let.rug.nl/~maps/Layout/boek4/Civitates.htm Civitates orbis terrarum - Braun and Hogenberg]<br />
* [http://library.sc.edu/digital/collections/braunhogen.html Braun Hogenberg Map Collection] at [[University of South Carolina]]<br />
* [https://jcb.lunaimaging.com/luna/servlet/view/search?search=SUBMIT&q=Georg+braun+1540+&dateRangeStart=&dateRangeEnd=&QuickSearchA=QuickSearchA Georg Braun maps depicting Europe and Mexico] at the [[John Carter Brown Library]]<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Braun, Georg}}<br />
[[Category:1541 births]]<br />
[[Category:1622 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Scientists from Cologne]]<br />
[[Category:German geographers]]<br />
[[Category:16th-century cartographers]]<br />
[[Category:17th-century cartographers]]<br />
[[Category:German cartographers]]<br />
[[Category:16th-century German Roman Catholic priests]]<br />
[[Category:17th-century German Roman Catholic priests]]<br />
[[Category:16th-century German writers]]<br />
[[Category:16th-century German male writers]]<br />
[[Category:Clergy from Cologne]]</div>Ajay Kumar