BXIBerniece at 19:44, 25 March 2026

2026-03-25T19:44:24Z

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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Giridih}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Giridih district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Jharkhand|District]] of [[Jharkhand]]
| translit_lang1 =
| total_type = Total
| native_name = {{small|Girīḍīh Jilā}}
| native_name_lang =
| image_skyline = Shikharji Parasnath Giridih.jpg
| image_caption = [[Shikharji]] on [[Parasnath|Parasnath Hills]]
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-point = none
| map_caption = Location of Giridih district in Jharkhand
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Giridih
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Government banner of Jharkhand.png}} [[Jharkhand]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[North Chotanagpur Division|North Chotanagpur]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Giridih]]
| parts_type = Sub Divisions
| parts_style = para
| parts =
| p1 = [[Giridih Sadar subdivision|Giridih]]
| area_total_km2 = 4962
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| elevation_max_m = 1,365
| elevation_max_ft = 4,478
| population_total = 2,445,474<ref name="districtcensus"/>
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 06.41
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 63.14 per cent<ref name="districtcensus"/><ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page157.html |title =District-specific Literates and Literacy Rates, 2001 |access-date = 2010-10-10|publisher =Registrar General, India, Ministry of Home Affairs}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 940
| leader_title = [[District magistrate|Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name = Mr. Ramniwas Yadav ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])
| leader_title1 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MPs]]
| leader_name1 = *[[Chandra Prakash Choudhary]] {{small|([[Giridih Lok Sabha constituency|Giridih]])}} 
*[[Annpurna Devi|Annapurna Devi]] {{small|([[Kodarma Lok Sabha constituency|Kodarma]])}}
| leader_title2 = [[6th Jharkhand Assembly|MLAs]]
| leader_name2 = *[[Babulal Marandi]] {{small|([[Dhanwar Assembly constituency|Dhanwar]])}} 
*[[Nagendra Mahto]] {{small|([[Bagodar Assembly constituency|Bagodar]])}}
*[[Manju Kumari]] {{small|([[Jamua Assembly constituency|Jamua]])}}
*[[Kalpana Soren]] {{small|([[Gandey Assembly constituency|Gandey]])}}
*[[Sudivya Kumar]] {{small|([[Giridih Assembly constituency|Giridih]])}}
*[[Jairam Kumar Mahato]] {{small|([[Dumri Assembly constituency|Dumri]])}}
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = {{URL|giridih.nic.in}}
| official_name =
| p2 = [[Khori Mahuwa subdivision|Khori Mahua]]
| parts2 =
| p3 = [[Bagodar-Saria subdivision|Bagodar-Saria]]
| p4 = [[Dumri subdivision|Dumri]]
}}

'''Giridih district''' is one of the twenty-four districts of [[Jharkhand]] [[States and territories of India|state]], [[India]], and [[Giridih]] is the administrative headquarters of this district. As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Jharkhand (out of [[Districts of Jharkhand|24]]), after [[Ranchi district|Ranchi]] and [[Dhanbad district|Dhanbad]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Giridih |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/546/download/1832/DH_2011_2004_PART_A_DCHB_GIRIDIH.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==History==
Giridih district was a part of [[Kharagdiha]] estate till late 18th century. During the British Raj Giridih became a part of [[Jungle Terry]]. After Kol Uprising in 1831, the parganas of Ramgarh, Kharagdiha, Kendi and Kunda became parts of the South-West Frontier Agency and were formed into a division named Hazaribag as the administrative headquarters. The [[Kharagdiha]] [[Rajas]] were settled as Rajas of Raj Dhanwar in 1809, and the Kharagdiha gadis were separately settled as zamindari estates. Some of the notable Kharagdiha Zamindari estates were [[Koderma]], Gadi Palganj, Srirampur, [[Baghochia|Mahal Ledo]], Gande, Ghoranji and Gadi Sirsia.<ref>{{cite book |title=Hazaribagh District Gazetteer |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13551/page/n5}}</ref>
Giridih district was created on December 4, 1972<ref>[https://giridih.nic.in/ Giridih District, Official website]</ref> by carving some parts of [[Hazaribagh district]]. In 1999 part of it became [[Bokaro district]].<ref name="Statoids">{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 2011-10-11 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 2011-09-25 | work = Statoids}}</ref>

It is currently a part of the [[Red Corridor]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |title=83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme |publisher=IntelliBriefs |date=2009-12-11 |access-date=2011-09-17 |archive-date=2011-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027115807/http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The 15,000-capacity football and cricket stadium named Giridih Stadium is the largest sports venue by capacity in the region. It is located in the town of Mahthadih.

==Geography==
The district, covering an area of around 4854 km2, is bounded on the north by [[Jamui district]] and [[Nawada district]] of [[Bihar]] [[States and territories of India|state]], on the east by the districts of [[Deoghar district|Deoghar]] and [[Jamtara district|Jamtara]], on the south by [[Dhanbad district|Dhanbad]] and [[Bokaro district|Bokaro]], and on the west by [[Hazaribagh district|Hazaribagh]] and [[Koderma district|Koderma]] districts.

Giridih has an average elevation of 289 metres (948 feet). [[Shikharji|Śrī Sammeta Shikharji]] also known as the [[Parasnath Hills]],it is one of the holiest place of [[Jainism]], located in Giridih is the highest [[mountain|mountain peak]] in Jharkhand. It is a conical [[granite]] peak located 4,477 feet (1,382 metres) above the [[sea level]].<ref name=britannica_jharkhand>{{cite web|title=Jharkhand|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/736533/Jharkhand|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=7 March 2012}}</ref><ref name=Giridih_official>{{cite web|title=Official website of the Giridih district|url=http://giridih.nic.in/|access-date=7 March 2012}}</ref>

[[Gawan block|Gawan]] and [[Tisari block|Tisari]] blocks of the district have several mica mines, and coal is found abundantly at several places throughout the district.<ref name="Giridih_official" />

[[Parasnath Hills]] are located in the district. There are two major rivers, namely, the [[Barakar River]] and the [[Sakri River]]. Barakar River passes through [[Birni block|Birni]] and [[Pirtand block|Pirtand]] blocks. Sakari river drains the areas of [[Deori block|Deori]] and Gawan blocks. There are several smaller rivers, including [[Usri River|Usri]], with a major tourist attraction - [[Usri Falls]].

== Administration ==

=== Subdivisions ===
Following are the four subdivision of the district:<ref name="admin">{{cite web|title=Giridih|url=http://giridih.nic.in/block.html|access-date=8 November 2015|work=Blocks|publisher=District Administration, Giridih}}</ref>
# Giridih subdivision
# Bagodar-Sariya subdivision
# Khorimahua subdivision
# Dumri subdivision

==== Blocks ====
Giridih district comprises the following 13 blocks:
{{columns-list|colwidth=10em|
* [[Bagodar block|Bagodar]]
* [[Bengabad block|Bengabad]]
* [[Birni block|Birni]]
* [[Deori block|Deori]]
* [[Dhanwar block|Dhanwar]]
* [[Dumri block|Dumri]]
* [[Gandey block|Gandey]]
* [[Gawan block|Gawan]]
* [[Giridih block|Giridih]]
* [[Jamua (community development block)|Jamua]]
* [[Pirtand block|Pirtand]]
* [[Sariya (community development block)|Sariya]]
* [[Tisri block|Tisri]]
}}

==Economy==
In 2006 the Indian government named Giridih one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 21 districts in Jharkhand currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=September 8, 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=September 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=April 5, 2012 }}</ref>

The DDP of Giridih District is ₹1,97,771(2003–04) and Income Per Capita is ₹9921(2003–04).

==Divisions==
There are six [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) constituencies in this district. Dhanwar, Bagodar, Jamua and Gandey assembly constituencies are part of [[Kodarma Lok Sabha constituency|Kodarma constituency]]. Giridih and Dumri assembly constituencies are part of [[Giridih Lok Sabha constituency|Giridih]] constituency.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://giridih.nic.in/election.htm |title=Election |publisher=Giridih district website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619070707/http://giridih.nic.in/election.htm |archive-date=2009-06-19 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=3,75,866|13=1911|14=4,11,172|15=1921|16=4,07,450|17=1931|18=4,84,161|19=1941|20=5,58,821|21=1951|22=6,18,129|23=1961|24=7,47,946|25=1971|26=9,37,092|27=1981|28=11,61,066|29=1991|30=14,96,878|31=2001|32=19,05,343|33=2011|34=24,45,474|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |title=Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Jharkhand |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43353/download/47042/20%20A-2%20Jharkhand.pdf |website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Giridih district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion: Jharkhand|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11377/download/14490/DDW20C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|75.90}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|20.80}}
{{bar percent|[[Sarnaism|Sarna]]|maroon|2.42}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Jharkhand|Christianity]]|blue|0.60}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.28}}
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Giridih district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 2,445,474<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Kuwait]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Kuwait 2,595,62 | archive-date = 2011-09-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> or the US state of [[New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=New Mexico - 2,059,179 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721072426/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=2011-07-21 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 182nd in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|497|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.33%. Giridih has a [[sex ratio]] of 943 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males, and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 63.14%. 8.51% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 13.31% and 9.74% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Giridih district (2011)<ref name="language"/>
|label1 = [[Khortha language|Khortha]] |value1 = 68.7 |color1 = red
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 13.55 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value3 = 8.99 |color3 = darkturquoise
|label4 = [[Urdu]] |value4 = 7.47 |color4 = green
|label5 = Others |value5 = 1.29 |color5 = grey
}}
At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 68.71% of the population in the district spoke [[Khortha language|Khortha]], 13.55% [[Hindi]], 8.99% [[Santali language|Santali]] and 7.47% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10207/download/13319/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

Khortha, a blend of [[Magahi]] and Hindi with little connection to [[Bengali language|Bengali]], is the main language spoken in Giridih district. The tribal people speak [[Santali language|Santhali]].

==Flora and fauna==

The district has rich forest resources and have several jungles of [[Shorea robusta|sal]] trees and [[bamboo]]s, and a variety of other indigenous trees. Among other common trees are [[bamboo]], [[semal]], [[Madhuca longifolia|Mahua]], [[palash]], [[Schleichera|kusum]], kend, [[Pyrus pyrifolia|Asian pear]] and [[Semecarpus anacardium|bhelwa]].<ref name=Giridih_official/> Parasnath hills have a number of plants having [[Herbal medicine|medicinal use]]. [[Leopard]]s, [[bear]]s, [[jackal]]s, [[boar|wild pigs]], and [[hare]]s are the wild animals found in certain parts of the district which have thick forests.

==Politics==
{{transcluded section|source=6th Jharkhand Assembly}}
{{#section:6th Jharkhand Assembly|MLA Header}}
{{#section:6th Jharkhand Assembly|Giridih district}}
|}

==Tourism ==

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|

* [[Parasnath]]
* [[Jharkhand Dham]]
* [[Harihar Dham]]
* [[Khandoli Dam]]
* [[Usri Falls]]
* Sai Mandir
* Langta Baba Samadhi Sthal
* Surya Mandir, Jagarnathdih, Mirjaganj
* Rajdah dham Suriya
* Panchkero dam Gorhand
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://giridih.nic.in/ Official government website]

{{Blocks of Giridih district}}
{{North Chotanagpur Division topics}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Giridih district
|North = [[Nawada district]], [[Bihar]]
|Northeast = [[Jamui district]], [[Bihar]]
|East = [[Deogarh district]] [[Jamtara district]]
|Southeast = [[Dhanbad district]]
|South = [[Bokaro district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Hazaribagh district]]
|Northwest = [[Koderma district]]
}}

{{Blocks of Giridih district}}
{{Districts of Jharkhand}}
{{North Chotanagpur Division}}
{{North Chotanagpur Division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|24|10|48|N|86|19|12|E|region:IN-JH_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Giridih district| ]]
[[Category:Community development blocks in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Community development blocks in Giridih district]]
[[Category:Districts of Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Coal mining districts in India]]
[[Category:1972 establishments in Bihar]]

Giridih district - Revision history

BXIBerniece at 19:44, 25 March 2026