ImportMaster at 05:53, 12 March 2022

2022-03-12T05:53:29Z

New page

{{short description|Yearly report published by the World Economic Forum}}
{{unreliable sources|date=June 2019}}
The '''''Global Competitiveness Report''''' ('''GCR''')<ref name =GCR2014-2015>{{cite web|url=http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015/|title=Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015 - Reports - World Economic Forum|work=Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015}}</ref> is a yearly report published by the [[World Economic Forum]]. Since 2004, the ''Global Competitiveness Report'' ranks countries based on the '''Global Competitiveness Index''',<ref name =GCR2014-2015/> developed by [[Xavier Sala-i-Martin]] and [[Elsa V. Artadi]].<ref name =XS&EA>"Sala-i-Martin, Xavier and [[Elsa V. Artadi]], "The Global Competitiveness Index", ''Global Competitiveness Report'', Global Economic Forum 2004</ref> Before that, the [[macroeconomic]] ranks were based on [[Jeffrey Sachs]]'s ''Growth Development Index'' and the [[microeconomic]] ranks were based on [[Michael Porter]]'s'' Business Competitiveness Index''. The ''Global Competitiveness Index'' integrates the macroeconomic and the micro/business aspects of [[Competition (companies)|competitiveness]] into a single index.

The report "assesses the ability of countries to provide high levels of [[prosperity]] to their citizens". This in turn depends on how productively a country [[allocative efficiency|uses available resources]]. Therefore, the Global Competitiveness Index measures the set of institutions, policies, and factors that set the [[sustainable]] current and medium-term levels of economic prosperity."<ref>{{cite web| title=Global Competitiveness Network: Frequently Asked Questions| url=http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/FAQs/index.htm| access-date=2009-04-17| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326205427/http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/FAQs/index.htm| archive-date=2009-03-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Global Competitiveness|url=http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015/methodology}}</ref>

==Description==
Since 2004, the report ranks the world's nations according to the ''Global Competitiveness Index'',<ref name =XS&EA/> based on the latest theoretical and empirical research.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/gcr_2006/gcr2006_summary.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2006-09-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061027004932/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/gcr_2006/gcr2006_summary.pdf |archive-date=2006-10-27 }}</ref> It is made up of over 110 [[Variable (mathematics)|variables]], of which two thirds come from the Executive Opinion Survey, and one third comes from publicly available sources such as the [[United Nations]]. The variables are organized into twelve pillars,<ref>See appendix in Page 47 of the 2011-12 report. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GCR_Report_2011-12.pdf</ref> with each pillar representing an area considered as an important determinant of competitiveness.

One part of the report is the Executive Opinion Survey, which is a survey of a representative sample of business leaders in their respective countries. Respondent numbers have increased every year and is currently just over 13,500 in 142 countries (2010).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/FAQs/index.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-04-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326205427/http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/FAQs/index.htm |archive-date=2009-03-26 }}</ref>

The report notes that as a nation develops, [[wages]] tend to increase, and that in order to sustain this higher income, labor [[productivity]] must improve for the nation to be competitive. In addition, what creates productivity in [[Sweden]] is necessarily different from what drives it in [[Ghana]]. Thus, the GCI separates countries into three specific stages: factor-driven, [[efficiency]]-driven, and [[innovation]]-driven, each implying a growing degree of complexity in the operation of the economy.

The report has twelve pillars of competitiveness. These are:

#Institutions
#Appropriate infrastructure
#Stable macroeconomic framework
#Good [[public health|health]] and [[primary education]]
#[[Higher education]] and training
#Efficient goods markets
#Efficient [[labor market]]s
#Developed [[financial market]]s
#Ability to harness existing technology
#Market size''—''both domestic and international
#Production of new and [[product differentiation|different]] goods using the most sophisticated [[production process]]es
#Innovation

In the factor-driven stage countries compete based on their factor endowments, primarily unskilled labor and natural resources. Companies compete on the basis of prices and sell basic products or [[commodities]], with their low productivity reflected in low wages. To maintain competitiveness at this stage of development, competitiveness hinges mainly on well-functioning public and private [[institutions]] (pillar 1), appropriate [[infrastructure]] (pillar 2), a stable macroeconomic framework (pillar 3), and good health and primary education (pillar 4).

As wages rise with advancing development, countries move into the efficiency-driven stage of development, when they must begin to develop more efficient production processes and increase [[product quality]]. At this point, competitiveness becomes increasingly driven by higher education and training (pillar 5), efficient goods markets (pillar 6), efficient labor markets (pillar 7), developed financial markets (pillar 8), the ability to harness the benefits of existing technologies (pillar 9), and its market size, both domestic and international (pillar 10).

Finally, as countries move into the innovation-driven stage, they are only able to sustain higher wages and a higher [[standard of living]] if their businesses are able to compete by providing new or unique products. At this stage, companies must compete by producing new and different goods using the most sophisticated production processes (pillar 11) and through innovation (pillar 12).

Thus, the impact of each pillar on competitiveness varies across countries, in function of their stages of [[economic development]]. Therefore, in the calculation of the GCI, pillars are given different weights depending on the [[per capita]] income of the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/gcr_2006/chapter_1_1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2006-09-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061027004058/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/gcr_2006/chapter_1_1.pdf |archive-date=2006-10-27 }}</ref> The weights used are the values that best explain growth in recent years<ref>http://www.columbia.edu/~xs23/papers/WEC_00220_00701_Snowdon.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> For example, the sophistication and innovation factors contribute 10% to the final score in factor and efficiency-driven economies, but 30% in innovation-driven economies. Intermediate values are used for economies in transition between stages.

The Global Competitiveness Index's annual reports are somewhat similar to the [[Ease of Doing Business Index]] and the [[Indices of Economic Freedom]], which also look at factors affecting [[economic growth]] (but not as many as the ''Global Competitiveness Report''). Data from the Global Competitiveness Index relating to the strength of auditing and reporting standards, institutions and judicial independence is used in the [[Basel AML Index]], a [[money laundering]] risk assessment tool developed by the [[Basel Institute on Governance]].

==Limitations==
In spite of the [[World Economic Forum]]'s [[Global Risks Report]] which is increasingly identifying environmental pressures as the dominant risks to humanity, none of the indicators used to determine this report's competitiveness ranking reflect any of the countries' environmental dimensions such as energy, water, climate risks, resource or food security, etc. The Global Competitiveness Report 2018<ref name="rank 2018">{{Cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GCR2018/05FullReport/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2018.pdf|title=The Global Competitiveness Report 2018}}</ref> and 2019<ref name="rank 2019">{{Cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf|title=The Global Competitiveness Report 2019}}</ref> used the [[ecological footprint]] as a context indicator, but the footprint was not included in the scoring algorithm that determines the ranking.

== 2019 rankings ==
This is the full ranking of the 2019 report:<ref name="rank 2019"/>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Rank
!Country
!Score
|-
|{{Increase}} 1
|{{flag|Singapore}}
|84.8
|-
|{{Decrease}} 2
|{{USA}}
|83.7
|-
|{{Increase}} 3
|{{HK}}
|83.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 4
|{{NLD}}
|82.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 5
|{{CHE}}
|82.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 6
|{{JPN}}
|82.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 7
|{{DEU}}
|81.8
|-
|{{Increase}} 8
|{{SWE}}
|81.2
|-
|{{Decrease}} 9
|{{GBR}}
|81.2
|-
|{{Steady}} 10
|{{DNK}}
|81.2
|-
|{{Steady}} 11
|{{FIN}}
|80.2
|-
|{{Increase}} 12
|{{TWN}}
|80.2
|-
|{{Increase}} 13
|{{KOR}}
|79.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 14
|{{CAN}}
|79.6
|-
|{{Increase}} 15
|{{FRA}}
|78.8
|-
|{{Decrease}} 16
|{{AUS}}
|78.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 17
|{{NOR}}
|78.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 18
|{{LUX}}
|77.0
|-
|{{Decrease}} 19
|{{NZL}}
|76.7
|-
|{{Steady}} 20
|{{ISR}}
|76.7
|-
|{{Increase}} 21
|{{AUT}}
|76.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 22
|{{BEL}}
|76.4
|-
|{{Increase}} 23
|{{ESP}}
|75.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 24
|{{IRL}}
|75.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 25
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|75.0
|-
|{{Decrease}} 26
|{{ISL}}
|74.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 27
|{{MYS}}
|74.6
|-
|{{Steady}} 28
|{{CHN}}
|73.9
|-
|{{Increase}} 29
|{{QAT}}
|72.9
|-
|{{Increase}} 30
|{{ITA}}
|71.5
|-
|{{Increase}} 31
|{{EST}}
|70.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 32
|{{CZE}}
|70.9
|-
|{{Steady}} 33
|{{CHL}}
|70.5
|-
|{{Steady}} 34
|{{PRT}}
|70.4
|-
|{{Steady}} 35
|{{SVN}}
|70.2
|-
|{{Increase}} 36
|{{SAU}}
|70.0
|-
|{{Steady}} 37
|{{POL}}
|68.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 38
|{{MLT}}
|68.5
|-
|{{Increase}} 39
|{{LTU}}
|68.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 40
|{{THA}}
|68.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 41
|{{LVA}}
|67.0
|-
|{{Decrease}} 42
|{{SVK}}
|66.8
|-
|{{Steady}} 43
|{{RUS}}
|66.7
|-
|{{Steady}} 44
|{{CYP}}
|66.4
|-
|{{Increase}} 45
|{{BHR}}
|65.4
|-
|{{Increase}} 46
|{{KWT}}
|65.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 47
|{{HUN}}
|65.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 48
|{{MEX}}
|64.9
|-
|{{Increase}} 49
|{{BGR}}
|64.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 50
|{{IDN}}
|64.6
|-
|{{Increase}} 51
|{{ROU}}
|64.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 52
|{{MUS}}
|64.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 53
|{{OMN}}
|63.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 54
|{{URY}}
|63.5
|-
|{{Increase}} 55
|{{KAZ}}
|62.9
|-
|{{Increase}} 56
|{{BRN}}
|62.8
|-
|{{Increase}} 57
|{{COL}}
|62.7
|-
|{{Increase}} 58
|{{AZE}}
|62.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 59
|{{GRC}}
|62.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 60
|{{ZAF}}
|62.4
|-
|{{Steady}} 61
|{{TUR}}
|62.1
|-
|{{Steady}} 62
|{{CRI}}
|62.0
|-
|{{Increase}} 63
|{{HRV}}
|61.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 64
|{{PHL}}
|61.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 65
|{{PER}}
|61.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 66
|{{PAN}}
|61.6
|-
|{{Increase}} 67
|{{VNM}}
|61.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 68
|{{IND}}
|61.4
|-
|{{Increase}} 69
|{{ARM}}
|61.3
|-
|{{Increase}} 70
|{{JOR}}
|60.9
|-
|{{Increase}} 71
|{{BRA}}
|60.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 72
|{{SRB}}
|60.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 73
|{{MNE}}
|60.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 74
|{{GEO}}
|60.9
|-
|{{Steady}} 75
|{{MAR}}
|60.0
|-
|{{Decrease}} 76
|{{SYC}}
|59.6
|-
|NEW 77
|{{BRB}}
|58.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 78
|{{DOM}}
|58.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 79
|{{TTO}}
|58.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 80
|{{JAM}}
|58.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 81
|{{ALB}}
|57.6
|-
|{{Increase}} 82
|{{MKD}}
|57.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 83
|{{ARG}}
|57.2
|-
|{{Increase}} 84
|{{LKA}}
|57.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 85
|{{UKR}}
|57.0
|-
|{{Increase}} 86
|{{MDA}}
|56.7
|-
|{{Steady}} 87
|{{TUN}}
|56.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 88
|{{LBN}}
|56.3
|-
|{{Increase}} 89
|{{DZA}}
|56.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 90
|{{ECU}}
|55.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 91
|{{BWA}}
|55.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 92
|{{BIH}}
|54.7
|-
|{{Increase}} 93
|{{EGY}}
|54.5
|-
|{{Increase}} 94
|{{NAM}}
|54.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 95
|{{KEN}}
|54.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 96
|{{KGZ}}
|54.0
|-
|{{Decrease}} 97
|{{PRY}}
|53.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 98
|{{GTM}}
|53.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 99
|{{IRN}}
|53.0
|-
|{{Increase}} 100
|{{RWA}}
|52.8
|-
|{{Steady}} 101
|{{HND}}
|52.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 102
|{{MNG}}
|52.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 103
|{{SLV}}
|52.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 104
|{{TJK}}
|52.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 105
|{{BGD}}
|52.1
|-
|{{Increase}} 106
|{{KHM}}
|52.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 107
|{{BOL}}
|51.8
|-
|{{Increase}} 108
|{{NPL}}
|51.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 109
|{{NIC}}
|51.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 110
|{{PAK}}
|51.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 111
|{{GHA}}
|51.2
|-
|{{Decrease}} 112
|{{CPV}}
|50.8
|-
|{{Decrease}} 113
|{{LAO}}
|50.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 114
|{{SEN}}
|49.7
|-
|{{Increase}} 115
|{{UGA}}
|48.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 116
|{{NGA}}
|48.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 117
|{{TZA}}
|48.2
|-
|{{Decrease}} 118
|{{CIV}}
|48.1
|-
|NEW 119
|{{GAB}}
|47.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 120
|{{ZMB}}
|46.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 121
|{{SWZ}}
|46.4
|-
|{{Increase}} 122
|{{GIN}}
|46.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 123
|{{CMR}}
|46.0
|-
|{{Decrease}} 124
|{{GMB}}
|45.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 125
|{{BEN}}
|45.8
|-
|{{Decrease}} 126
|{{ETH}}
|44.4
|-
|{{Increase}} 127
|{{ZWE}}
|44.2
|-
|{{Increase}} 128
|{{MWI}}
|43.7
|-
|{{Decrease}} 129
|{{MLI}}
|43.6
|-
|{{Decrease}} 130
|{{BFA}}
|43.4
|-
|{{Decrease}} 131
|{{LSO}}
|42.9
|-
|NEW 132
|{{MDG}}
|42.9
|-
|{{Decrease}} 133
|{{VEN}}
|41.8
|-
|{{Decrease}} 134
|{{MRT}}
|40.9
|-
|{{Increase}} 135
|{{BDI}}
|40.3
|-
|{{Increase}} 136
|{{AGO}}
|38.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 137
|{{MOZ}}
|38.1
|-
|{{Steady}} 138
|{{HTI}}
|36.3
|-
|{{Decrease}} 139
|{{COD}}
|36.1
|-
|{{Decrease}} 140
|{{YEM}}
|35.5
|-
|{{Decrease}} 141
|{{TCD}}
|35.1
|}

==2018 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2018 report:<ref name="rank 2018"/>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{flag|United States}} 85.6 (+1)
# {{flag|Singapore}} 83.5 (+1)
# {{flag|Germany}} 82.8 (+2)
# {{flag|Switzerland}} 82.6 (−3)
# {{flag|Japan}} 82.5 (+4)
# {{flag|Netherlands}} 82.4 (−2)
# {{flag|Hong Kong}} 82.3 (−1)
# {{flag|United Kingdom}} 82 (—)
# {{flag|Sweden}} 81.7 (−2)
# {{flag|Denmark}} 80.6 (+2)
# {{flag|Finland}} 80.3 (−1)
# {{flag|Canada}} 79.9 (+2)
# {{flag|Taiwan}} 79.3 (+2)
# {{flag|Australia}} 78.9 (+7)
# {{flag|South Korea}} 78.8 (+11)
# {{flag|Norway}} 78.2 (−5)
# {{flag|France}} 78 (+5)
# {{flag|New Zealand}} 77.5 (−5)
# {{flag|Luxembourg}} 76.6 (—)
# {{flag|Israel}} 76.6 (−4)
# {{flag|Belgium}} 76.6 (−1)
# {{flag|Austria}} 76.3 (−4)
# {{flag|Ireland}} 75.7 (+1)
# {{flag|Iceland}} 74.5 (—)
# {{flag|Malaysia}} 74.4 (−2)
# {{flag|Spain}} 74.2 (+8)
# {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 73.4 (−10)
# {{flag|China}} 72.6(−1)
# {{flag|Czech Republic}} 71.2 (+2)
# {{flag|Qatar}} 71 (−5)
}}

==2017–2018 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2017–2018 report:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GCR2017-2018/05FullReport/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2017%E2%80%932018.pdf|title=Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018|publisher=World Economic Forum}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{flag|Switzerland}} 5.86 (—)
# {{flag|United States}} 5.85 (+1)
# {{flag|Singapore}} 5.71 (−1)
# {{flag|Netherlands}} 5.66 (—)
# {{flag|Germany}} 5.65 (—)
# {{flag|Hong Kong}} 5.53 (+3)
# {{flag|Sweden}} 5.52 (−1)
# {{flag|United Kingdom}} 5.51 (−1)
# {{flag|Japan}} 5.49 (−1)
# {{flag|Finland}} 5.49 (—)
# {{flag|Norway}} 5.40 (—)
# {{flag|Denmark}} 5.39 (—)
# {{flag|New Zealand}} 5.37 (—)
# {{flag|Canada}} 5.35 (+1)
# {{flag|Taiwan}} 5.33 (−1)
# {{flag|Israel}} 5.31 (+8)
# {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 5.30 (−1)
# {{flag|Austria}} 5.25 (+1)
# {{flag|Luxembourg}} 5.23 (+1)
# {{flag|Belgium}} 5.23 (−3)
# {{flag|Australia}} 5.19 (+1)
# {{flag|France}} 5.18 (−1)
# {{flag|Malaysia}} 5.17 (+2)
# {{flag|Ireland}} 5.16 (−1)
# {{flag|Qatar}} 5.11 (−7)
# {{flag|South Korea}} 5.07 (—)
# {{flag|China}} 5.00 (+1)
# {{flag|Iceland}} 4.99 (−1)
# {{flag|Estonia}} 4.85 (+1)
# {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 4.83 (−1)
}}

==2016–2017 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2016–2017 report:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GCR2016-2017/05FullReport/TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2016-2017_FINAL.pdf|title=Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017|publisher=World Economic Forum}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{flag|Switzerland}} 5.81 (—)
# {{flag|Singapore}} 5.72 (—)
# {{flag|United States}} 5.7 (—)
# {{flag|Netherlands}} 5.57 (+1)
# {{flag|Germany}} 5.57 (−1)
# {{flag|Sweden}} 5.53 (+3)
# {{flag|United Kingdom}} 5.49 (+3)
# {{flag|Japan}} 5.48 (−2)
# {{flag|Hong Kong}} 5.48 (−2)
# {{flag|Finland}} 5.44 (−2)
# {{flag|Norway}} 5.44 (—)
# {{flag|Denmark}} 5.35 (—)
# {{flag|New Zealand}} 5.31 (+3)
# {{flag|Taiwan}} 5.28 (+1)
# {{flag|Canada}} 5.27 (−2)
# {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} 5.26 (+1)
# {{flag|Belgium}} 5.25 (+2)
# {{flag|Qatar}} 5.23 (−4)
# {{flag|Austria}} 5.22 (+4)
# {{flag|Luxembourg}} 5.2 (—)
# {{flag|France}} 5.2 (+1)
# {{flag|Australia}} 5.19 (−1)
# {{flag|Ireland}} 5.18 (+1)
# {{flag|Israel}} 5.18 (+3)
# {{flag|Malaysia}} 5.16 (−7)
# {{flag|South Korea}} 5.03 (—)
# {{flag|Iceland}} 4.96 (+2)
# {{flag|China}} 4.95 (—)
# {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 4.84 (−4)
# {{flag|Estonia}} 4.78 (—)
}}

==2015–2016 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2015–2016 report:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2015-2016/|title=Global Competitiveness Report 2015-2016}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.76 (—)
# {{SIN}} 5.68 (—)
# {{USA}} 5.61 (—)
# {{DEU}} 5.53 (+1)
# {{NLD}} 5.50 (+3)
# {{JPN}} 5.47 (—)
# {{HKG}} 5.46 (—)
# {{FIN}} 5.45 (−4)
# {{SWE}} 5.43 (+1)
# {{GBR}} 5.43 (−1)
# {{NOR}} 5.41 (—)
# {{DNK}} 5.33 (+1)
# {{CAN}} 5.31 (+2)
# {{QAT}} 5.30 (+2)
# {{TWN}} 5.28 (−1)
# {{NZL}} 5.25 (+1)
# {{ARE}} 5.24 (−5)
# {{MYS}} 5.23 (+2)
# {{BEL}} 5.20 (−1)
# {{LUX}} 5.20 (−1)
# {{AUS}} 5.15 (+1)
# {{FRA}} 5.13 (+1)
# {{AUT}} 5.12 (−2)
# {{IRL}} 5.11 (+1)
# {{SAU}} 5.07 (−1)
# {{KOR}} 4.98 (—)
# {{ISR}} 4.98 (—)
# {{CHN}} 4.89 (—)
# {{ISL}} 4.83 (+1)
# {{EST}} 4.71 (−1)
}}

==2014–2015 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2014–2015 report:<ref name =GCR2014-2015/>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.80 (—)
# {{SIN}} 5.65 (—)
# {{USA}} 5.54 (+2)
# {{FIN}} 5.50 (−1)
# {{DEU}} 5.49 (−1)
# {{JPN}} 5.47 (+3)
# {{HKG}} 5.46 (—)
# {{NLD}} 5.45 (—)
# {{GBR}} 5.41 (+1)
# {{SWE}} 5.41 (−4)
# {{NOR}} 5.35 (—)
# {{ARE}} 5.33 (+7)
# {{DNK}} 5.29 (+2)
# {{TWN}} 5.25 (−2)
# {{CAN}} 5.24 (−1)
# {{QAT}} 5.26 (−3)
# {{NZL}} 5.20 (+1)
# {{BEL}} 5.18 (−1)
# {{LUX}} 5.17 (+3)
# {{MYS}} 5.16 (+4)
# {{AUT}} 5.16 (−5)
# {{AUS}} 5.08 (−1)
# {{FRA}} 5.08 (—)
# {{SAU}} 5.06 (−4)
# {{IRL}} 4.98 (+3)
# {{KOR}} 4.96 (−1)
# {{ISR}} 4.95 (—)
# {{CHN}} 4.89 (+1)
# {{EST}} 4.71 (+3)
# {{ISL}} 4.71 (+1)
}}

==2013–2014 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2013–2014 report:<ref>http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2013-14.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.67 (—)
# {{SIN}} 5.61 (—)
# {{USA}} 5.54 (—)
# {{FIN}} 5.51 (+2)
# {{GER}} 5.48 (+2)
# {{SWE}} 5.48 (−2)
# {{HKG}} 5.47 (+2)
# {{NLD}} 5.42 (−3)
# {{JPN}} 5.40 (+1)
# {{GBR}} 5.37 (−2)
# {{NOR}} 5.33 (+4)
# {{TWN}} 5.29 (+1)
# {{QAT}} 5.24 (−2)
# {{CAN}} 5.20 (—)
# {{DNK}} 5.18 (−3)
# {{AUT}} 5.15 (—)
# {{BEL}} 5.13 (—)
# {{NZL}} 5.11 (+5)
# {{ARE}} 5.11 (+5)
# {{SAU}} 5.10 (−2)
# {{AUS}} 5.09 (−1)
# {{LUX}} 5.09 (—)
# {{FRA}} 5.05 (−2)
# {{MYS}} 5.03 (+1)
# {{KOR}} 5.01 (−6)
# {{BRN}} 4.95 (+2)
# {{ISR}} 4.94 (−1)
# {{IRL}} 4.92 (−1)
# {{CHN}} 4.84 (—)
# {{PRI}} 4.67 (+1)
}}

==2012–2013 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2012–2013 report:<ref>http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.72 (—)
# {{SIN}} 5.67 (—)
# {{FIN}} 5.55 (+1)
# {{SWE}} 5.53 (−1)
# {{NLD}} 5.50 (+2)
# {{DEU}} 5.48 (—)
# {{USA}} 5.47 (−2)
# {{GBR}} 5.45 (+2)
# {{HKG}} 5.41 (+2)
# {{JPN}} 5.40 (−1)
# {{QAT}} 5.38 (+3)
# {{DNK}} 5.29 (−4)
# {{TWN}} 5.28 (—)
# {{CAN}} 5.27 (−2)
# {{NOR}} 5.27 (+1)
# {{AUT}} 5.22 (+3)
# {{BEL}} 5.21 (−2)
# {{SAU}} 5.19 (+1)
# {{KOR}} 5.12 (+5)
# {{AUS}} 5.12 (—)
# {{FRA}} 5.11 (−3)
# {{LUX}} 5.09 (+1)
# {{NZL}} 5.09 (+2)
# {{ARE}} 5.07 (+3)
# {{MYS}} 5.06 (−4)
# {{ISR}} 5.02 (−4)
# {{IRL}} 4.91 (+2)
# {{BRN}} 4.87 (—)
# {{CHN}} 4.83 (−3)
# {{ISL}} 4.74 (—)
}}

==2011–2012 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2011–2012 report:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weforum.org/news/us-competitiveness-ranking-continues-fall-emerging-markets-are-closing-gap |title=US Competitiveness Ranking Continues to Fall; Emerging Markets Are Closing the Gap | World Economic Forum - US Competitiveness Ranking Continues to Fall; Emerging Markets Are Closing the Gap |publisher=Weforum.org |date=2011-09-07 |access-date=2013-04-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501134320/http://www.weforum.org/news/us-competitiveness-ranking-continues-fall-emerging-markets-are-closing-gap |archive-date=2013-05-01 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GCR_CompetitivenessIndexRanking_2011-12.pdf|title=World Economic Forum - Home|website=www3.weforum.org|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.75 (—)
# {{SIN}} 5.63 (+1)
# {{SWE}} 5.61 (−1)
# {{FIN}} 5.47 (+3)
# {{USA}} 5.43 (−1)
# {{DEU}} 5.41 (−1)
# {{NLD}} 5.41 (+1)
# {{DNK}} 5.40 (+1)
# {{JPN}} 5.40 (−3)
# {{GBR}} 5.39 (+2)
# {{HKG}} 5.36 (—)
# {{CAN}} 5.33 (−2)
# {{TWN}} 5.26 (—)
# {{QAT}} 5.24 (+3)
# {{BEL}} 5.20 (+4)
# {{NOR}} 5.18 (−2)
# {{SAU}} 5.17 (+4)
# {{FRA}} 5.14 (−3)
# {{AUT}} 5.14 (−1)
# {{AUS}} 5.11 (−4)
# {{MYS}} 5.08 (+5)
# {{ISR}} 5.07 (+2)
# {{LUX}} 5.03 (−3)
# {{KOR}} 5.02 (−2)
# {{NZL}} 4.93 (−2)
# {{CHN}} 4.90 (+1)
# {{ARE}} 4.89 (−2)
# {{BRN}} 4.78 (—)
# {{IRL}} 4.77 (—)
# {{ISL}} 4.75 (+1)
}}

==2010–2011 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2010–2011 report:<ref name=Rank2010>{{cite web | url=http://www.weforum.org/documents/GCR10/Full%20rankings.pdf | title=Table 4: The Global Competitiveness Index 2010–2011 rankings and 2009–2010 comparisons | author=World Economic Forum | access-date=2010-09-10 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922102308/http://www.weforum.org/documents/GCR10/Full%20rankings.pdf | archive-date=2010-09-22 }}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.63 (—)
# {{SWE}} 5.56 (+2)
# {{SIN}} 5.48 (—)
# {{USA}} 5.43 (–2)
# {{DEU}} 5.39 (+2)
# {{JPN}} 5.37 (+2)
# {{FIN}} 5.37 (–1)
# {{NLD}} 5.33 (+2)
# {{DNK}} 5.32 (–4)
# {{CAN}} 5.30 (–1)
# {{HKG}} 5.27 (—)
# {{GBR}} 5.25 (+1)
# {{TWN}} 5.21 (–1)
# {{NOR}} 5.14 (—)
# {{FRA}} 5.13 (+1)
# {{AUS}} 5.11 (–1)
# {{QAT}} 5.10 (—)
# {{AUT}} 5.09 (–1)
# {{BEL}} 5.07 (–1)
# {{LUX}} 5.05 (+1)
# {{SAU}} 4.95 (+6)
# {{KOR}} 4.93 (—)
# {{NZL}} 4.92 (–3)
# {{ISR}} 4.91 (+3)
# {{ARE}} 4.89 (–2)
# {{MYS}} 4.88 (–2)
# {{CHN}} 4.84 (+2)
# {{BRN}} 4.75 (+4)
# {{IRL}} 4.74 (–4)
# {{CHL}} 4.69 (—)
}}

==2009–2010 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2009–2010 report:<ref name=Rank2009>{{cite web|url=http://www.weforum.org/pdf/GCR09/GCR20092010fullrankings.pdf |title=Table 4: The Global Competitiveness Index 2009–2010 rankings and 2008–2009 comparisons |author=World Economic Forum |access-date=2009-09-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030003958/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/GCR09/GCR20092010fullrankings.pdf |archive-date=2010-10-30 }}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{CHE}} 5.60 (+1)
# {{USA}} 5.59 (–1)
# {{SIN}} 5.55 (+2)
# {{SWE}} 5.51 (—)
# {{DNK}} 5.46 (–2)
# {{FIN}} 5.43 (—)
# {{DEU}} 5.37 (—)
# {{JPN}} 5.37 (+1)
# {{CAN}} 5.33 (+1)
# {{NLD}} 5.32 (–2)
# {{HKG}} 5.22 (—)
# {{TWN}} 5.20 (+5)
# {{GBR}} 5.19 (–1)
# {{NOR}} 5.17 (+1)
# {{AUS}} 5.15 (+3)
# {{FRA}} 5.13 (—)
# {{AUT}} 5.13 (–3)
# {{BEL}} 5.09 (+1)
# {{KOR}} 5.00 (–6)
# {{NZL}} 4.98 (+4)
# {{LUX}} 4.96 (+4)
# {{QAT}} 4.95 (+4)
# {{ARE}} 4.92 (+8)
# {{MYS}} 4.87 (–3)
# {{IRL}} 4.84 (–3)
# {{ISL}} 4.80 (–6)
# {{ISR}} 4.80 (–4)
# {{SAU}} 4.75 (–1)
# {{CHN}} 4.74 (+1)
# {{CHI}} 4.70 (+2)
}}

==2008–2009 rankings==
This is the top 30 of the 2008–2009 report:<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gcr/2008/rankings.pdf| title=The Global Competitiveness Index rankings and 2007–2008 comparisons| author=World Economic Forum| author-link=World Economic Forum| access-date=2009-09-10| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324201926/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gcr/2008/rankings.pdf| archive-date=2009-03-24}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
# {{USA}} 5.74
# {{CHE}} 5.61
# {{DNK}} 5.58
# {{SWE}} 5.53
# {{SIN}} 5.53
# {{FIN}} 5.50
# {{DEU}} 5.46
# {{NLD}} 5.41
# {{JPN}} 5.38
# {{CAN}} 5.37
# {{HKG}} 5.33
# {{GBR}} 5.30
# {{KOR}} 5.28
# {{AUT}} 5.23
# {{NOR}} 5.22
# {{FRA}} 5.22
# {{TWN}} 5.22
# {{AUS}} 5.20
# {{BEL}} 5.14
# {{ISL}} 5.05
# {{MYS}} 5.04
# {{IRL}} 4.99
# {{ISR}} 4.97
# {{NZL}} 4.93
# {{LUX}} 4.85
# {{QAT}} 4.83
# {{SAU}} 4.72
# {{CHL}} 4.72
# {{ESP}} 4.72
# {{CHN}} 4.70
}}

You can find the computation and structure of the GCI pp. 49–50 of the [http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2013-14.pdf Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014, Full Data Edition.]

==See also==
{{portal|border=no|Business|World}}
*[[Competition (companies)]]
*[[List of national quality awards]]
*[[World Competitiveness Yearbook]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015/ "Interactive Global Competitiveness Report"] 2014-2015.
* [http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf ''Global Competitiveness Report''] 2019.
* [http://www.unitedexplanations.org/2011/01/11/most-competitive-countries-of-2010/ Top 20 countries of 2010 by competitiveness], United Explanations
* [https://www.imd.org/research-knowledge/ International Institute for Management Development publications]

{{Politics country lists}}

[[Category:Economics publications]]
[[Category:International rankings]]
[[Category:Global economic indicators]]

Global Competitiveness Report - Revision history

ImportMaster at 05:53, 12 March 2022