CleanupBot II at 23:17, 13 August 2023

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{{Indian cuisine}}
'''Goan cuisine''' consists of regional foods popular in [[Goa]], an Indian state located along [[India]]'s west coast on the shore of the [[Arabian Sea]]. Rice, seafood, coconut, vegetables, meat, pork and local spices are some of the main ingredients in Goan cuisine. The area is located in a tropical climate, which means that flavors are intense. Use of ''[[Garcinia indica|kokum]]'' and [[vinegar]] is another distinct feature. Goan food is considered incomplete without [[fish (food)|fish]].

The cuisine of Goa originated from its [[Konkani people|Konkani]] roots, and was influenced by the 451 years of [[Portuguese India|Portuguese rule]] and the Sultanate rule that preceded the Portuguese.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2921086.cms | work=The Times Of India | title=Goa and its cuisine | date=3 April 2008}}</ref> Many [[Goan Catholic cuisine|Catholic]] dishes are either similar to or variants of their [[Portuguese cuisine|Portuguese]] counterparts in both naming or their use of ingredients.

==Seafood==
[[File:Goan prawn curry.jpg|thumb|right|Goan prawn curry, a popular dish throughout the state.]]
The cuisine of Goan people is mostly seafood-based; the [[staple food]]s are rice and fish. [[Indo-Pacific king mackerel|Kingfish]] (''vison'' or ''visvan'') is the one of most commonly eaten. Other commonly eaten seafood includes [[pomfret]], [[shark]], [[tuna]], [[sardines]], and [[mackerel]] amongst other river fishes. Among the [[shellfish]] are [[crab]]s, [[prawn]]s, [[Penaeus monodon|tiger prawns]], [[lobster]], [[squid]], and [[mussel]]s. The food of Goan [[Christianity|Christians]] is heavily influenced by the Portuguese (the use of vinegar, for example, is very prominent).

==Introduction of new foods==
The Portuguese introduced potatoes, tomatoes, pineapples, [[guava]]s, and [[cashew]]s from [[Brazil]] to Goa and consequently India. The [[chili pepper]] is the most important aspect of Goan cuisine; it was introduced by the Portuguese and became immensely popular as a very important spice for wider Indian cuisine. The Portuguese also introduced beef and pork, meats that were and still are considered a taboo by Hindus of Goa, to converts to [[Catholicism]].<ref name=por>{{cite book|last=Chapman|first=Pat|title=India: Food & Cooking: The Ultimate Book on Indian Cuisine|year=2009|publisher=New Holland Publishers|isbn= 978-1845376192|page=256}}</ref>

==Goan Hindu cuisine==
{{More citations needed section|date=October 2018}}
Goan Hindu cuisine in Goa is mainly [[Pescetarianism|pescetarian]] and [[Lacto vegetarianism|lacto-vegetarian]] and is very similar to [[Saraswat cuisine]], from which it originates. Goan Hindu cuisine is mild, with use of [[tamarind]] and ''kokum'' for souring, and [[jaggery]] for sweetening. It uses spices such as [[asafoetida]], [[fenugreek]], [[Curry tree|curry leaves]], [[Mustard plant|mustard]], and [[Vigna mungo|urad dal]]. [[Onion]] and [[garlic]] are also used. It also includes vegetables, such as [[lentil]]s, [[pumpkin]]s, [[gourd]]s, [[bamboo shoot]]s, and [[root]]s. The medium of cooking is [[coconut oil]].

Popular Goan Hindu dishes include:
* ''Humann'' (हूमण) – Fish curry and rice (शीत or भात), also known as ''kadi'' or ''ambot''
* [[Fried fish]] (तळील्ले नूस्ते)
* Fish ''suke'' or ''dhabdhabit'' (सुकें) – Dry spicy preparation of fish, eaten as a side dish
* Fish ''udid methi'' or ''uddamethi'' (उद्दमेथी) – Type of curry consisting of [[fenugreek]] and [[mackerel]]; a vegetarian version of this dish is also prepared using [[hog plum]]s (or anything sour and tangy, such as pieces of raw [[mango]])
* ''Kismur'' (किस्मुर) – A type of side dish normally consisting of dried fish (mostly mackerel or shrimp), onions, and coconut
* ''Dangar'' – Goan fish [[cutlet]]s (डांगर)
* ''Kalputi'' – A dish normally prepared from the head of a large fish, with onions and coconut
* Bhaaji or ''shak'' – A generic term for stews, curries, and stir-fried dishes made from different vegetables and fruits (भाजी or शाक)
*[[Bhaji]] - Fried fritters with [[besan]] batter. Different kind of bhajis can be made by changing the vegetable used with besan. Popular bhajis include those containing onion or chilies.
* ''[[Khatkhate]]'' (ख़तखतें)
* ''[[Varan bhaat|Varan]]'' - A lentil preparation often made with coconut milk tempered with mustard, curry leaves, and chilies, served as an accompaniment to rice for the [[Naivedya]], prepared during all Hindu festivals, and an integral part of wedding feasts.
* ''Tondak'' – A dish with beans and [[cashew]]s as the primary ingredients (तोंडाक)
* Different varieties of sweets made from rice and lentils, such as ''payasu'', ''[[Patoleo|patoli]]'', {{transl|kok|madgane}} and {{transl|kok|[[kheer]]}}. (गोड्शें)
* Different varieties of [[Indian pickle|pickles]] and ''[[Papadum|papads]]'' (लोणचे or पापड)
* ''[[Solkadhi|Solachi kadi]]'' – A spicy coconut and ''kokum'' curry (कडी)

==Goan Catholic cuisine==
{{More citations needed section|date=October 2018}}
[[File:Vindalho.jpg|thumb|right|Pork ''[[vindaloo]]'' is a popular Goan curry dish in the state and around the world.]]
{{Main|Goan Catholic cuisine}}

Goan Catholic cuisine in Goa is a fusion of Goan Hindu and Portuguese cooking styles. [[Vinegar]] (made from the [[Palm wine|toddy]] of local coconut trees) is used to give the zingy taste to the meat dishes.

Popular Goan Catholic dishes include:
* ''Ambot tik'' – A spicy and sour curry prepared with fish
* ''[[Rice pudding|Arroz doce]]'' – A Portuguese derivative of ''[[kheer]]'' (sweetened rice custard)
* ''[[Balchão]]'' – A curry made with prawns/shrimp
* ''[[Bebinca]]'' – A multi-layered baked pudding traditionally eaten at [[Christmas]]
* ''Cafreal'' – A [[Spice mix|masala]] marinate mostly used for chicken or fish made from coriander leaves, green chilies, and other spices.
* ''Canja de galinha'' – A type of [[Broth|chicken broth]] served with rice and chicken.
* ''[[Samosa#Portuguese-speaking regions|Chamuça]]'' – A Goan/Portuguese derivative of the ''[[samosa]]''
* ''[[Chorizo|Chouriço]]'' – A spicy pork sausage
* [[Croquette]]s – Fried minced [[beef]] rolls, a common snack among [[Goan Catholics]] and the Portuguese
* ''[[Feijoada]]'' – A stew brought by the Portuguese. It is made with [[meat]] (beef or pork), [[bean]]s, and [[cabbage]].
* [[Goan Soup]]
* ''[[Patoleo]]'' or ''patoli'' – A dish of turmeric leaves stuffed with rice, ''[[dal]]'', jaggery, and coconut
* Roast beef and beef tongue – Popular entrees at Goan celebrations
* ''[[Ros omelette]]'' – An omelette drowned in spicy chicken or [[chickpea]] gravy and served with ''[[Bread|pão]]'' ([[Portuguese cuisine|Portuguese]]-Goan bread)
* ''Samarein chi kodi'' – Goan curry made with fresh and dried prawns
* ''[[Sanna (dish)|Sanna]]'' – A dry rice cake; a variant of ''[[idli]]''
* ''Solantule kodi'' – A spicy coconut and ''kokum'' curry
* ''[[Sorpotel]]'' – A very spicy pork dish eaten with ''sannas'' or ''pão'' (Goan bread – spelled the same way as in Portugal)
* ''[[Vindalho]]'' – A spicy curry traditionally made with pork. The name is derived from the [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] term for a garlic and wine (''vinho e alho'' or ''vinha d'alhos'') marinade. Contrary to popular versions made outside Goa, a traditional vindalho does not contain any meat besides pork. It also does not contain any potatoes nor is its name related to ''aloo'' (potato)<ref>http://cricket.expressindia.com/old//fulliestory.php?content_id=74035</ref>
* ''[[Xacuti]]'' – Type of curry made with roasted grated coconut and pieces of [[Chicken (food)|chicken]] or [[Lamb and mutton|lamb]]

<gallery mode="packed" heights="67">
Chamuças.jpg|''[[Samosa|Chamuças]]'', Goan samosas
Pompret-fried-fish.jpg|[[Fried fish|Fried]] [[pomfret]]
Crab xec xec.JPG|Crab ''xec xec''
Goan Fish Curry.jpg|Traditional Goan fish curry
Goan Fish Masala (2172050877).jpg|Goan fish masala
</gallery>

==Sweets and desserts==
*[[Cashew]] ''[[laddu]]s''
*''[[nevryo]]''
*''[[Kakinada khaja|khaje]]''
*{{transl|kok|revdyo}}
*''[[sakhar bhat]]''
*{{transl|kok|[[madgane]]}}
*''payasa''
*''[[Halva|halwa]]'' ''dali kapa'' (''halwa'' made from red gram), cashew ''halwa'', mango ''halwa'', banana ''halwa'', pumpkin ''halwa''
*''[[Dodol]]''
*''[[Bebinca]]''
*''[[Patoleo]]''
*''[[Serradura]]''

==See also==

* [[Cucumber cake]]
* [[Feni (liquor)|Feni]]
* [[Canja de Goa (Goan soup)|Canja de Goa]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category||Cuisine of Goa}}

{{Goa topics}}
{{cuisines}}

[[Category:Goan cuisine| ]]
[[Category:Indian cuisine by state or union territory]]
[[Category:Culture of Goa]]
[[Category:Hindu cuisine]]

Goan cuisine - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 23:17, 13 August 2023