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{{Short description|Sikh conception of God}}
{{Sikhism sidebar}}
{{God|by religion}}

In '''[[Sikhism]]''', [[God]] is conceived as the [[Monism#Sikhism|Oneness]] that permeates the entirety of creation and beyond. It abides within every bit of the creation<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/beliefs/beliefs.shtml|title=BBC - Religions - Sikhism: Sikh Beliefs|access-date=2017-12-07}}</ref> as symbolized by the symbol [[Ik Onkar]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sikhs.org/art1.htm|title=Sikhism Religion of the Sikh People|website=www.sikhs.org|access-date=2017-12-07}}</ref> The One is indescribable yet knowable and perceivable to anyone who surrenders their egoism and meditates upon that Oneness.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/different-names-of-god-incorporated-in-sri-guru-granth-sahib-ji|title=Different Names of GOD incorporated in Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji|website=www.speakingtree.in|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> The [[Sikh gurus]] have described God in numerous ways in their hymns included in the [[Guru Granth Sahib]], the [[holy scripture]] of [[Sikhism]], but the oneness of the deity is consistently emphasized throughout.

God is described in the [[Mul Mantar]] (lit. the Prime Utterance),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indif.com/nri/sikhism/mool_mantra.asp|title=The Sikh Mool Mantra - Ik Omkar|last=Indif.com|website=www.indif.com|access-date=2017-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/god/sikhismrev2.shtml|title=BBC - GCSE Bitesize: The Mool Mantar|access-date=2017-12-07}}</ref> the first passage in the Guru Granth Sahib:
{{Quote|ੴ ਸਤਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਨਿਰਭਉ ਨਿਰਵੈਰੁ ਅਕਾਲ ਮੂਰਤਿ ਅਜੂਨੀ ਸੈਭੰ ਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥ <br />ikk ōankār sat(i)-nām(u) karatā purakh(u) nirabha'u niravair(u) akāla mūrat(i) ajūnī saibhan<small>(g)</small> gur(a) prasād(i).<br />There is only one God, and it is called the truth, It exists in all creation, and it has no fear, It does not hate, and it is timeless, universal and self-existent! You will come to know it through the grace of the Guru.|[https://www.searchgurbani.com/guru-granth-sahib/ang-by-ang Sri Guru Granth Sahib], page 1|title=|source=}}

== General conceptions ==

=== Panentheism ===
Sikhi is [[panentheism|panentheistic]] and believes that there is only One God. [[Guru Nanak]], the founder of Sikhi strongly denounces any type of ''Pakhand'' (hypocrisy or duality). Nanak prefixed the numeral "IK" (one) to the syllable Onkar to stress the idea of God's oneness; that the Creator, Preserver, and Destroyer is One.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://fateh.sikhnet.com//sikhnet/discussion.nsf/3d8d6eacce83bad8872564280070c2b3/3a6e0d8facb2ed8c87256623002a5e2d|title=Sikhism and Monotheism|website=fateh.sikhnet.com|access-date=2017-12-10}}</ref> Sikh thought begins with the One Almighty and then universalising God, coming down to the cosmic reality of all-pervading creator.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective|title=Guru Granth A Perspective|last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com|pages=[https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective/page/n148 138]|chapter=Monotheism in Guru Granth Sahib}}</ref> While God is described as without gender, God is also described through numerous metaphors, such as:
{{Quote|text=ਏਕੁ ਪਿਤਾ ਏਕਸ ਕੇ ਹਮ ਬਾਰਿਕ ਤੂ ਮੇਰਾ ਗੁਰ ਹਾਈ ॥

"Ek(u) pitaa ekas ke ham baarik"

"The One God is the Father of all;
We are His children."|sign=SGGS. Ang (limb) 611}}

=== Priority Monism ===
Sikhi complies with the concept of Priority [[Monism]], a view point that all existing things go back to a Source that is distinct from them. It is the belief that all that our senses comprehend is illusion; God is the sole reality. Forms being subject to Time, shall pass away. God's Reality alone is eternal and abiding.<ref name=":6" /> The thought is such that Aatmaa (soul) is born from and a reflection of ParamAatma( Supreme Soul),<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/metaphysics/atma|title=ATMA|last=Gujral|first=Maninder S|work=The Sikh Encyclopedia -ਸਿੱਖ ਧਰਮ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼|access-date=2017-12-12|language=en-gb}}</ref> and would again merge into it just as water merges back into the water, like a drop of water merging with the ocean.
{{Quote|text=ਜਿਉ ਜਲ ਮਹਿ ਜਲੁ ਆਇ ਖਟਾਨਾ ॥

Jio Jal Maaee Jal Aae Khattaanaa {{!}}{{!}}

As water comes to blend with water,

ਤਿਉ ਜੋਤੀ ਸੰਗਿ ਜੋਤਿ ਸਮਾਨਾ ॥

Thio Jothee Sang Joth Samaanaa {{!}}{{!}}

Their light blends into the Light.|sign=SGGS. Ang 278|source=}}
God and Soul are identical in the same way as Fire and its sparks; fundamentally same as is stated in SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, "Aatam meh Ram, Ram meh Aatam", which means "The Ultimate Eternal Lord is the soul and the soul is the Ultimate Eternal Lord". As from one stream, millions of waves arise and yet the waves, made of water, again become water; in the same way all souls have sprung from the Universal Being and would blend again into it.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&q=atma+merges+in+parmatma+sikhism&pg=PA266|title=A Complete Guide to Sikhism|last=Singh|first=Jagraj|date=2009|publisher=Unistar Books|isbn=9788171427543|pages=266|language=en}}</ref>

===Waheguru===
There are frequent references to God in the perspective of all the various religions in the [[Guru Granth Sahib]]. The Guru Granth Sahib acknowledges perspectives of God in all religions.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200101164351/http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&Param=1400</ref> Guru Granth Sahib teaches that God is one almighty power.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200101160630/http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=7&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0</ref>

== Specific conceptions ==

=== Great Architect ===

Sikh philosophy believes that the Oneness is the Great Architect of Universe. It alone is the Creator, Sustain-er, and Destroyer; Ek.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/environment/sikhbeliefsrev1.shtml|title=BBC - GCSE Bitesize: The origins of the universe|page=1|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> God is [[Karta Purakh]], the [[Creation deity|Creator-Being]]<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=https://www.allaboutsikhs.com/sikhism-articles/the-idea-of-the-supreme-being-god-in-sikhism|title=The Idea Of The Supreme Being (God) In Sikhism - Sikhism Articles - Gateway to Sikhism|work=Gateway to Sikhism|access-date=2017-12-13|language=en-gb}}</ref> who created the spatial-temporal Universe from their own Self; the Universe is their own [[Emanationism|emanation]]. [[Guru Arjan]] advocates: “The One is true and true is Its creation [because] all has emanated from God Itself” (SGGS Ang294).

Before creation, God existed all alone as ''[[Nirgun]]'' in a state of ''Sunn Samadhi'', deep meditation, as says Guru Nanak.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gurmat.info/sms/smspublications/introductiontosikhism2/chapter2.html#How%20was%20the%20world%20created,%20according%20to%20Sikhism?|title=Introduction to Sikhism - Section II: God and His Universe|last=Munde|first=Amarpreet Singh|website=www.gurmat.info|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref>

{{Quote|text="There was darkness for countless years.

There was neither earth nor sky; there was only Its Will.

There was neither day nor night, neither sun nor moon.

They (God) were in deep meditation.
There was nothing except Itself."|sign=SGGS. Ang 1035|source=}}

Then, God willed and created the Universe, and diffused Itself into the nature as ''Sargun''. Whenever God desires, It merges back into His Timeless and Formless Self.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/environment/sikhbeliefsrev3.shtml|title=BBC - GCSE Bitesize: Evolutionary biology|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref>

[[Guru Gobind Singh]] calls this process of Creation and Dissolution ''Udkarkh'' (from Sanskrit ''utkarsana'') and ''Akarakh'' (from Sanskrit ''akarsana''),<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective|title=Guru Granth A Perspective|last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com|chapter=COSMOLOGY IN GURU GRANTH SAHIB}}</ref> respectively:

"Whenever you, O Creator, cause udkarkh (increase, expansion), the creation assumes the boundless body; whenever you effect akarkh (attraction, contraction), all corporeal existence merges in you" (Benati Chaupai).

This process of creation and dissolution has been repeated God alone knows for how many times. A passage in [[Sukhmani Sahib]] by Guru Arjan visualizes the infinite field of creation thus:
{{Quote|Millions are the mines of life; millions the spheres;
Millions are the regions above; millions the regions below;

Millions are the species taking birth.
By diverse means does It spread Itself.

Again and again did He expand Itself thus,
But It ever remains the One Ekankar.

Countless creatures of various kinds
Come out of It and are absorbed back.

None can know the limit of Its Being;
the Lord, O Nanak! is all in all Itself.|(SGGS. Angs 275-76)|source=}}

=== Creation ===
It is believed in Sikhi that the Universe was created by a single word of the God.<ref name=":8" /> Whilst the universe was created, a sound was produced as a result. The sound is noted in the first word in Satguru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji ੴ, Ik Oangkar. The syllable "Oang" is the sound that was created whilst the universe was created. The Transcendent God expressed themselves in "Naam" and "Sabad" that created the world. "Naam" and "Sabad" are the 'Creative and Dynamic Immanence of God'.<ref name=":5" />
{{Quote|text=ਕੀਤਾ ਪਸਾਉ ਏਕੋ ਕਵਾਉ ॥

Keethaa Pasaao Eieko Kavaao {{!}}{{!}}

You created the vast expanse of the Universe with One Word!

ਤਿਸ ਤੇ ਹੋਏ ਲਖ ਦਰੀਆਉ ॥

This Thae Hoeae Lakh Dhareeaao {{!}}{{!}}

Hundreds of thousands of rivers began to flow.|sign=SGGS. Ang 3|source=}}

=== When was the Universe Created? ===
Sikh philosophy enunciates the belief that the limits of Time and Space are known only to God. Answers to the questions of "When did the Universe come into existence?" or "How big is this Universe?" are beyond human understanding. The best course, as SatGuru Nanak Dev Ji declares, is to admit a sense of wonderfulness or ''Vismad'', since "the featureless Void was in ceaseless Existence".<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective|title=Guru Granth A Perspective|last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com|pages=[https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective/page/n139 129]|chapter=Cosmology in Guru Granth Sahib}}</ref> As to the Time of Creation, SatGuru Nanak Dev Ji, in {{not a typo|Jap(u)}} Sahib, recites that:
{{Quote|text=What was that time, and what was that moment? What was that day, and what was that date?

What was that season, and what was that month, when the Universe was created?

The [[Pandit]]s, the religious scholars, cannot find that time, even if it is written in the [[Puranas]].

That time is not known to the [[Qazi]]s, who study the [[Quran|Koran]].

The day and the date are not known to the [[Yogi]]s, nor is the month or the season.}}

== Attributes ==

=== Existence ===
As stated in Mool Mantar, God exists as Ajuni, beyond incarnations; formless. And ''saibhan'' ([[Sanskrit]] ''svayambhu''), Self-existent. The Primal Creator Himself had no creator. He simply is, has ever been and shall ever be by Himself.

Purakh added to Karta in the [[Mool Mantar]] is the Gurmukhi form of [[Sanskrit]] ''purusa'', which literally means, besides man, male or person, "the primeval man as the soul and original source of the universe; the personal and animating principle; the supreme Being or Soul of the universe." Purakh in [[Mool Mantar]] is, therefore, none other than God the Creator.

=== Eternalness ===
God, as stated in SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, is ''[[Akal (Sikh term)|Akal]] Murat'', the Eternal Being;It is beyond time and ever the same.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective|title=Guru Granth A Perspective|last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com|pages=[https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective/page/n150 140]|chapter=Monotheism In SatGuru Granth Sahib}}</ref> "Saibhan(g)", another attribute to God means that no one else but God created the creation. They are, shall be, was not born, and will not die; never created and hence, shall never be destroyed.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective|title=Guru Granth A Perspective|last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com|pages=[https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective/page/n154 144]|chapter=Monotheism In Guru Granth Sahib}}</ref> The phrase "Ad(i) Sach", True in the Primal Beginning, in the Mool mantar proves the notion of the eternalness of God in Sikhi.

=== Transcendence and Immanence ===
Sikhi advocates a [[Panentheism|Panentheistic]] tone when it enunciates the belief that God is both, [[transcendence (religion)|transcendent]] and [[immanence|immanent]], or "Nirgun" and "Sargun" (as stated in the Sikh terminology), at the same time. God created the Universe and permeates both within and without. Transcendence and Immanence are two aspects of the same single Supreme Reality. The Reality is immanent in His entire creation, but the creation as a whole fails to realise the immanency fully.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/sargun-nirgun-nirankar|title=Sargun Nirgun Nirankar|website=www.speakingtree.in|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref>

{{Quote|text=ਸਰਗੁਨ ਨਿਰਗੁਨ ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ ਸੁੰਨ ਸਮਾਧੀ ਆਪਿ ॥

Saragun Niragun Nirankaar Sunn Samaadhhee Aap {{!}}{{!}}

He possesses all qualities; He transcends all qualities;
He is the Formless Lord. He Himself is in Primal Samaadhi.|sign=SGGS. Sukhmani Sahib Ang 290|source=}}

The Almighty, Himself, is the one Ultimate, Transcendent Reality, [[Nirguna]] (Nir+Guna = without attributes), Ever-existent, Boundless, Formless, Immutable, All-by Himself, and Unknowable in His entirety.

When it pleases God, them become [[Sarguna]] (Sanskrit Saguna = with attributes) and manifests Himself in creation. He becomes immanent in His created universe, which is His own emanation, an aspect of Himself.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gurbani.org/gurblog/sargun-nirgun/|title=Sargun Nirgun {{!}} Gurbani Blog {{!}} ਗੁਰਬਾਣੀ ਬਲੌਗ|website=www.gurbani.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref>

God remains distinct from his Creation, while being All-pervasive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wahegurunet.com/what-is-god|title=What is God? {{!}} WaheguruNet|website=www.wahegurunet.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref>

=== Omnipotence ===
"God himself is the Creator and the Cause, the Doer and the Deed."<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective|title=Guru Granth A Perspective|last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com|pages=[https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective/page/n155 145]}}</ref> Sikh thought is strictly monotheistic and believes that this Universe is creation of God. Its origins are in God, it operates under the Command of God (hukum), and its end is in God; God is the Omnipotent being, the sole cause of Creation, Preservation, and Destruction.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&q=atma+merges+in+parmatma+sikhism&pg=PA266|title=A Complete Guide to Sikhism|last=Singh|first=Jagraj|date=2009|publisher=Unistar Books|isbn=9788171427543|pages=252|language=en}}</ref> They consult none in creating and demolishing, giving and taking and does everything themself. The Nirbhau (lit. Fearless) Almighty does not fear anyone and exercises their unquestionable will.

=== Omnibenevolence ===
They are kind and merciful, the Omni-Benevolent Lord. The Bestow-er of all things (divanhaar); apart from them, there is no other Giver. They provide the body, the breath, food to their creations. They are also a great Pardoner; pardoning all our mistakes, they bestows Virtue on the repenting souls and adds Blessedness on the  striving virtuous.<ref name=":2" /> The Almighty sustains His Creation compassionately and benevolently. In SatGuru Granth, God is called as "Kareem" (merciful); the complacent Lord who, in their compassion, blesses the miserable with their Nadar (graceful vision).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ED0syBKqafMC&q=benevolence+of+god+sikhism&pg=PA44|title=The Sikh and Sikhism|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri|pages=44|language=en}}</ref> The Nirvair (lit. without enmity/hatred) God does not hate anyone and glances their merciful vision on every being, indifferently. All are one their view.

"The Lord is kind and compassionate to all beings and creatures; His Protecting Hand is over all." (SGGS. Ang 300)

=== Gender ===
According to Sikhi, God has "No" Gender. Mool Mantar describes God as being "Ajuni" (lit. not in any incarnations) which implies that God is not bound to any physical forms. This concludes: the All-pervading Lord is Gender-less.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gurbani.org/articles/webart270.htm|title=IS GOD MALE OR FEMALE?|website=www.gurbani.org|language=en|access-date=2017-12-08}}</ref>
{{Quote|text=ਸੁੰਨ ਮੰਡਲ ਇਕੁ ਜੋਗੀ ਬੈਸੇ ॥ ਨਾਰਿ ਨ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਕਹਹੁ ਕੋਊ ਕੈਸੇ ॥ ਤ੍ਰਿਭਵਣ ਜੋਤਿ ਰਹੇ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਈ ॥ ਸੁਰਿ ਨਰ ਨਾਥ ਸਚੇ ਸਰਣਾਈ ॥
Sunn mandal ik Yogi baiseh. Naar nuh purakhu kahahu kou kaiseh. Tribhavan joth raheh liv laaee. Suri nar naath sacheh saranaaee

The Yogi, the Primal Lord, sits in the Realm of Absolute Stillness (state free of mind's wanderings or Phurne). (Since God) is neither male nor female; how can anyone describe Him? The three worlds center their attention on His Light. The godly beings and the Yogic masters seek the Sanctuary of this True Lord.|sign=SGGS. Ang 685}}

However, SatGuru Guru Granth Sahib Ji consistently refers to God as "He" and "Father", but this is because the SatGuru Granth Sahib Ji was written in north Indian Indo-Aryan languages ([[Sant Bhasha|mixture]] of Punjabi and dialects of Hindi, sankrit with influences of Persian) which have no neutral gender. In addition as a result of the patriarchal society that was and is present, God is expressed as he to make one understand the power of God as many see men as the superior gender. English translation of the teachings eliminate any gender specifications. From further insights into the Sikh philosophy, it can be deduced that God is, sometimes, referred to as the Husband to the Soul-brides, in order to make a patriarchal society understand what the relationship with God is like. Also, God is considered to be our father, mother, and companion.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sikhwomen.com/equality/GodsGender.htm|title=God's Gender|website=www.sikhwomen.com|access-date=2017-12-08}}</ref>

=== Names for God ===
Sikhi greatly emphasize the name of God. SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji emphasize greatly Naam, the name of the God as through meditating on the Naam, one can meet God, opening up ones tenth spiritual gate and experience 'Anand' indescribable bliss.
Sikhi believes in Monotheism. God has been called by many Attributive names [action-related names, Kirtan Naam (SGGS. Ang 1083), or Karam Naam ([[Dasam Granth]], [[Jaap Sahib]])] in Sikh literature, picked from Indian and Semitic traditions.<ref name=":0" />

They are called in terms of human relations as our Father, Mother, Brother, Companion, Friend, Lover, Beloved, and Husband.<ref name=":1" />

Other names, expressive of His supremacy are Thakur, Prabhu (lit. God), Swami, Shah (lit. King), Paatshah (lit. respected King), Sahib, Allah (God), Khuda (Urdu word for Allah), Rahim, Karim, Sain (Lord, Master).

God has also been referred to, in Sikh literature as Hari, Sridhar, Kamla-pati, SriRang, Vishwambhar, Krishna, Saringdhar, ParaBrahma, Paramatma, Pyara, Nath, GopiNath, Jagannath, ChakraPan, Ram, Narayan, Govind, Gopal and many more.

Though these names are mentioned in SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji. Sikhs are ordered by the SatGurus to meditate by chanting Waheguru, the Name of God, to meet God and experience 'Anand', which Bhai Gurdas ji states in his Varan to signify, Wah (Praise) Hey (you) Guru (God).

Other attributive names include Nirankar (Formless), Niranjan (without sin), Data or Datar (lit. The Giver), Karta or Kartar (lit. The Doer), Dayal (Compassionate), Kripal (Benevolent) and many more.

Names peculiar to Sikhism for God are ''[[Naam]]'' (lit. ''name''), ''Shabad'' (''word'') and ''[[Waheyguru]]'' (Wow true Master''). While ''Naam'' and ''Shabad'' are mystical terms standing for the Divine Manifestation, Waheyguru is a phrase expressing awe, wonder, and ecstatic joy of the worshiper as he comprehends the greatness and grandeur of the Lord and their Creation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://the-many-names-of-god.com/god-sikhism/name-of-god-waheguru/|title=Name Of God – Waheguru|date=2012-10-20|work=The Many Names Of God And Their Meanings|access-date=2017-12-11|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Beliefs ==

=== Reincarnation ===
The center belief of Sikh thought is the soul would reincarnate in this universe unless it attains the state of ''mukti'' (liberation), which is to be achieved through the grace of God.<ref name=":3" />   In its corporeal attire, the soul passes through cycles of transmigration. Through Divine Grace and ones actions, it can merge back into the Cosmic Soul (Paramatma) and escape the throes of birth and death again and again. <ref name=":7" />

=== Revelation ===
The Mool Mantar ends with {{not a typo|Gurparsad(i)}} (lit. by God's Grace), which expresses the belief of Sikh thought that God would be revealed to the Soul through [[SatGuru]]'s grace. In Sikh theology SatGuru appears in three different but allied connotations, viz. God, the ten [[Sikh SatGurus]], and the gur-[[Shabad (hymn)|shabad]] as preserved in SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji. Of God's grace, Gurus' instruction and guidance and the scriptural Shabad ([[Sanskrit]] ''sabda'', literally 'Word'), the first is the most important, because, as nothing happens without God's will, their grace is essential to making a person inclined towards a desire and search for union with Him.

"Blessing us with His Grace, the Kind and Compassionate All-powerful Lord comes to dwell within the mind and body. (SGGS. Ang 49)"

Knowledge of the ultimate Reality is not a matter for reason; it comes by [[revelation]] of the ultimate reality through ''nadar'' (grace) and by ''[[anubhava]]'' (mystical experience). Says SatGuru Nanak Dev Ji, ''{{lang|pa|budhi pathi na paiai bahu chaturaiai bhai milai mani bhane}}'' which translates to "He is not accessible through intellect, or through mere scholarship or cleverness at argument; He is met, when He pleases, through devotion" (SGGS, Ang 436).

=== Gnosticism ===
[[Gnosticism]] is the belief that the Divine Spark is trapped within the spirit and can be liberated by the Gnosis or Knowledge of this Divinity. Sikh spirituality is centered to the theme of understanding and experiencing God, and eventually becoming one with Him. Human incarnation, as advocated by SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, is a special privilege and an opportunity for the realization of the Ultimate destiny of Spirit: union with God.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://mnnews.today/aurora-magazine/december-2017/25330-sikhs-believe-that-the-supreme-creator-is-within-each-one/|title=Sikhs believe that the Supreme Creator is within each one|date=2017-12-06|work=mnnews.today|access-date=2017-12-11|language=en-US}}</ref>

As SatGuru Arjan Dev Ji says, "Of all the eight million and four hundred thousand species, God conferred superiority on man".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.searchgurbani.com/amrit-keertan/page/162/line/32|title=Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com|website=www.searchgurbani.com|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> Another verse form the scripture praises the human body as a Temple:

{{Quote|text=ਕਾਯਉ ਦੇਵਾ ਕਾਇਅਉ ਦੇਵਲ ਕਾਇਅਉ ਜੰਗਮ ਜਾਤੀ ॥

Kaayo Dhaevaa Kaaeiao Dhaeval Kaaeiao Jangam Jaathee {{!}}{{!}}

Within the body, the Divine Lord is embodied. The body is the temple, the place of pilgrimage, and the pilgrim.

ਕਾਇਅਉ ਧੂਪ ਦੀਪ ਨਈਬੇਦਾ ਕਾਇਅਉ ਪੂਜਉ ਪਾਤੀ ॥੧॥

Kaaeiao Dhhoop Dheep Neebaedhaa Kaaeiao Poojo Paathee {{!}}{{!}}1{{!}}{{!}}

Within the body are incense, lamps and offerings. Within the body are the flower offerings. {{!}}{{!}}1{{!}}{{!}}|sign=SGGS. Ang 695}}

Sikhi thus sees life as a divine opportunity to understand God as well as to discover the divinity which lies in each individual. God is perceived to reside in the human body and is the soul and can be found by being a [[Gurmukh]] (lit. Facing Guru) and merging oneself into The Hukum or Divine Command.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.patheos.com/library/sikhism/beliefs/human-nature-and-the-purpose-of-existence|title=Human Nature and the Purpose of Existence|website=www.patheos.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> Though, as mentioned in SatGuru Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, full understanding of God is beyond human beings, SatGuru Nanak Dev Ji described God as not wholly unknowable and stressed that by becoming Gurmukh, one should find the Divinity residing in his own self.

=== Mysticism ===
[[Mysticism]] is the experience of becoming one with The Almighty, which SatGuru Nanak Dev Ji states as Sach-Khand (Realm of Truth), where the soul is immersed completely in the Divine Will.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.sikhphilosophy.net/threads/sikhism-and-sachkhand.3745/|title=Sikhism And Sachkhand|work=Sikh Philosophy Network Forum|access-date=2017-12-12|language=en-US}}</ref> The primal belief of Sikhi is of the Spirit to get merged into the Divinity. As Guru Granth proclaims human incarnation as a chance to meet God and enter into the Mystic Reality.
{{Quote|text=ਭਈ ਪਰਾਪਤਿ ਮਾਨੁਖ ਦੇਹੁਰੀਆ ॥
भई परापति मानुख देहुरीआ ॥

Bẖa▫ī parāpaṯ mānukẖ ḏehurī▫ā.

This human body has been given to you.

ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਮਿਲਣ ਕੀ ਇਹ ਤੇਰੀ ਬਰੀਆ ॥

गोबिंद मिलण की इह तेरी बरीआ ॥

Gobinḏ milaṇ kī ih ṯerī barī▫ā.

This is your chance to meet the Lord of the Universe.|sign=SGGS. Ang 12}}
It is a devoted [[meditation]] ([[simran]]) that enables a sort of communication between the Infinite and finite human [[consciousness]]. There is, chiefly, the remembrance of God through the recitation of their name<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1085&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&fb=0|title=Sri Granth: Sri Guru Granth Sahib|website=www.srigranth.org|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> and surrendering of the Self to God's presence often metaphorized as surrendering self to the Lord's feet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1237&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&fb=0|title=Sri Granth: Sri Guru Granth Sahib|website=www.srigranth.org|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> The ultimate destination of a Sikh is to lose his egoism completely in the love of the Lord and finally merge into the Almighty creator. 

== Practices ==

=== Five Vices ===
Those, who follow the instincts of their mind, under the influence of five vices - lust, anger, greed, attachment and pride - and ego would wander miserably in the cycle of birth and rebirth. They are known as Manmukhs.<ref name=":0" />
# Kaam (Lust)
# Krodh (Anger)
# Ahenkar (Ego)
# Lobh (Greed)
# Moh (Attachment)

=== Five 'K's ===
{{Main|The Five Ks}}

SatGuru Gobind Singh Ji initiated the practice of "Amrit Sanchaar", the initiation ceremony of Sikhs in to the Khalsa, in April 1699.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indif.com/nri/sikhism/five_k.asp|title=The Five K's or Panj Kakkar|website=www.indif.com|access-date=2017-12-14}}</ref> This distinctive identity is represented by Five "K(akars)" every Amritdhari (initiated) Sikh has to wear:
# Kesh/Keski (hair/small turban)
# Kangha (comb)
# Karha (iron bracelet)
# Kirpan (miniature sword)
# Kachera (shorts)

=== Three Duties ===
# Naam japna (Meditating via Chanting God's Name)
# Kirat karna (Honestly work to earn livelihood)
# Vand Chhakna (Share what you have with the needy)

==See also==

* [[Conceptions of God]]
* [[God]]
* [[Existence of God]]
* [[Names of God]]
* [[Jaap Sahib]]
*[[Waheguru]]

==Bibliography==
* Sabadarth Sri Guru Granthsar, 1959
* Jodh Singh, Bhai, Gurmati Nirnaya. Amritsar, 1932
* Pritam Singh, ed., Sikh Phalsaphe di Rup Rekhla. Amritsar, 1975
* Sher Singh, ''The Philosophy of Sikhism''. Lahore, 1944
* Kapur Singh, Parasaraprasna. Amritsar, 1989

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Theology}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:God In Sikhism}}
[[Category:God in Sikhism| ]]
[[Category:Conceptions of God]]
[[Category:Sikh beliefs]]

God in Sikhism - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 23:18, 13 August 2023