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{{short description|District of Maharashtra in India}}
{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Gondia}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gondia district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Maharashtra|District]] of [[Maharashtra]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Southern tropical dry deciduous forest.jpg
| image_caption = Forest in [[Nagzira]]
| image_map = Gondia in Maharashtra (India).svg
| map_caption = Location of Gondia district in Maharashtra
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Gondia
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = Division
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nagpur Division|Nagpur]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Gondia]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 1. '''[[Gondia]]''', 2. [[Goregaon]] 3. '''[[Tirora]]''', 4. '''[[Arjuni Morgaon]]''', 5. '''[[Deori, Gondia|Deori]]''', 6. '''[[Amgaon]]''', 7. [[Salekasa]], 8. [[Sadak Arjuni]]
| area_total_km2 = 5234
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,322,507
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 11.95%
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 85%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 999
| leader_title = District Guardian Minister
| leader_name = [[Anil Deshmukh]]
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituencies
| leader_name1 = 1. [[Bhandara-Gondiya (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhandara-Gondiya]] shared with [[Bhandara district]], 2. [[Gadchiroli-Chimur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gadchiroli-Chimur]] (shared with [[Gadchiroli district|Gadchiroli]] and [[Chandrapur district|Chandrapur]] districts)
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituencies
| leader_name2 = 1 '''[[Gondia]]''', 2 '''[[Arjuni Morgaon]]''', 3 '''[[Tirora]]''', 4 [[Amgaon]].
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway (India)|NH]] [[National Highway 53 (India)|53]], NH 543, NH 753, MSH 11, [[State highways in India|SH]] 249, SH 266, SH 275, SH 354, SH 366
| blank_name_sec2 = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2 = 1197 mm
| website = {{URL|http://gondia.gov.in/}}
| official_name =
}}
'''Gondia district''' (also known as '''Gondiya,''' Marathi pronunciation: [[Help:IPA/Marathi|[ɡon̪d̪iaː]]]) is an administrative district in the state of [[Maharashtra]] in India. The district headquarter is located at [[Gondia]]. The district occupies an area of {{convert|5234|km2|abbr=on}} and has a population of 1,322,507 of which 11.95% were urban ({{as of|2011|lc=y}}).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindiamaps.net/page/India_WhizMap/IndiaMap.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=27 August 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5Qeg4fOlH?url=http://www.censusindiamaps.net/page/India_WhizMap/IndiaMap.htm |archive-date=27 July 2007 }}</ref> The district is part of [[Nagpur Division]]. There are 8 [[Talukas]] in [[Gondia District]]. [[Gondia Airport]] is second airport in Vidharbha region and serves city of [[Gondia]].

==History==
{{expert needed|India|section|reason=incomprehensible and unsourced, may need a complete rewrite|date=March 2018}}
In the 7th century, the modern-day district was part of the territories of the [[Heheya Kingdom|Haihaya]] Rajput kings of Chhattisgarh whose kingdom was known as Maha Kosala. Gondia or Gondiya was a part of Bhandara which retains some recollection of Hindu kings who ruled from Nagardhan.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} The 12th century saw the rule of Panwars (Rajput) who were subsequently ousted by [[Gondi people|Gond]] chiefs who asserted their independence of the [[Kalachuris of Ratnapura|Ratanpur dynasty]].{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

This was followed by [[Raghoji I Bhonsle|Raghoji Bhonsle]] of Vidarbha who established himself as the king of Vidarbha in 1743. In 1755, Janoji was declared as the sovereign of the territory, after the death of his father Raghoji Bhonsle. The two brothers Mudhoji and Rupaji of Raghoji Bhonsle of Hingani-Beradi were contemporaries of Shahaji, the father of Chhatrapati Shivaji and one of the ancestors of the Bhonsles of Nagpur who rehabilitated the village of Beradi was probably the contemporary of Maloji, the grandfather of Chhatrapati Shivaji. After the death of Sambhaji, during the [[Mughal–Maratha Wars]], Parasoji rendered invaluable help to [[Rajaram I]] who had succeeded to the throne of Chhatrapati. The territories of Vidarbha and Berar from which he had exacted tribute were given to his charge under a grant made in 1699 A.D.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

In 1707 after the death of Aurangzeb when Shahu was released by Muhammad Azam, Parasoji Bhonsle was the first of the Maratha nobles to join him in west [[Khandesh]].{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

The 17th century saw the invasion of the [[Peshwa]]s who were instrumental in making the district a part of Berar. The Peshwas were succeeded by the [[Nizam of Hyderabad|Nizams]] during the 1850s; the Nizam ceded Berar to the [[British East India Company]]. In 1903 the Nizam leased Berar to the British Government of India. It was transferred to the Central Provinces. In 1956, with the re-organization of states, Bhandara was transferred from Madhya Pradesh to Bombay Province and in 1960 with the formation of Maharashtra; it became a district of the state and was carved out of [[Bhandara district]] in 1999.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

==Divisions==
The district is divided into four sub-divisions, each of which is further divided into ''[[taluka]]s''. These are:
* [[Gondia]] sub-division: [[Gondia]].
* [[Deori, Gondia|Deori]]: [[Deori, Gondia|Deori]], [[Amgaon]], and [[Salekasa]] ''talukas''
* [[Tirora]] sub-division: [[Tirora]] and [[Goregaon, Gondia|Goregaon]] ''talukas''
* [[Arjuni Morgaon]] sub-division: [[Arjuni Morgaon]] and [[Sadak Arjuni]] ''talukas''
The district also includes of 556 ''[[gram panchayat]]s'' (village councils), 8 ''[[panchayat samiti (block)|panchayat samitis]]'' and 954 [[revenue village]]. The Eight municipalities in this district are Gondia, Tirora, Arjuni Morgaon, Deori, Amgaon, Goregaon, Sadak Arjuni, Salekasa.
[[Sub-District Hospital, Arjuni Morgaon]]

The district has four [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) constituencies: [[Arjuni Morgaon]] (Scheduled castes), [[Gondiya]], [[Tirora]] and [[Amgaon]] (Scheduled tribes). While the first three are part of Bhandara-Gondiya [[Lok Sabha]] constituency, the last one is part of Gadchiroli-Chimur (ST) Lok Sabha constituency.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |title=Districtwise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website |access-date=31 March 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318055304/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |archive-date=18 March 2010 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Gondia district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,322,507,<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web|year=2011|title=District Census 2011 - Gondiya|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/27/2711_PART_A_DCHB_GONDIYA.pdf|publisher=Office of the Registrar General, India}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of Mauritius<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Mauritius 1,303,717 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[New Hampshire]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=30 September 2011 |quote=New Hampshire 1,316,470
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721072426/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=21 July 2011 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 369th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/>
The district has a population density of {{convert| 253 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] during 2001–2011 was 10.13%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Gondiya has a [[sex ratio]] of 996 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1,000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 85.41%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 13.31% and 16.20% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Gondiya district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Religion - Maharashtra|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW27C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in}}</ref>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Maharashtra|Hindus]]|darkorange|87.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism|Buddhists]]|mediumblue|9.47}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|#008000|1.98}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|1.30}}
}}
===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages in Gondiya District<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Maharashtra |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2700.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=4 October 2019}}</ref>
|label1 = Marathi
|value1 = 73.31
|color1 = orange
|label2 = Hindi
|value2 = 10.06
|color2 = Yellow
|label3 = [[Powari language|Powari]]
|value3 = 4.70
|color3 = red
|label4 = [[Gondi language|Gondi]]
|value4 = 3.46
|color4 = gold
|label5 = Lodhi
|value5 = 2.61
|color5 = chocolate
|label6 = Chhatisgarhi
|value6 = 1.79
|color6 = chartreuse
|label7 = Other
|value7 = 4.5
|color7 = gray
}}
At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 73.31% of the population in the district spoke [[Marathi language|Marathi]], 10.06% [[Hindi]], 4.70% [[Powari language|Powari]], 3.46% [[Gondi language|Gondi]], 2.61% Lodhi and 1.79% [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]] as their first language.<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Maharashtra |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2700.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=4 October 2019}}</ref>

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=3,13,952|13=1911|14=3,66,186|15=1921|16=3,83,135|17=1931|18=4,40,170|19=1941|20=5,14,165|21=1951|22=5,72,142|23=1961|24=6,78,740|25=1971|26=8,54,527|27=1981|28=9,87,089|29=1991|30=10,86,221|31=2001|32=12,00,707|33=2011|34=13,22,507|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=11 January 2020}}</ref>|align=middle}}

== Climate ==
[[File:Average Temprature Gondia Till AUG2012.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Gondia average temperature]]Gondia experiences extreme variations in temperature with very hot summers and very cold winters and has an average relative humidity of 62 percent. Average recorded rainfall is more than {{convert|1200|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} in each rainy season (June to September).

The hottest month is May when daytime high temperatures will generally average {{convert|42|C}}. During the same month, nightly minimum temperatures average around {{convert|28|C}}. In recent times the highest-recorded temperature in May has been {{convert|48|C}}, and the lowest May temperature has been {{convert|20|C}}.

The coolest months are December and January when temperatures will reach highs of around {{convert|29|C}} and lows of {{convert|13|C}}. The highest-recorded temperature in January was {{convert|38|C}} and the lowest was {{convert|0|C}}.

{{Weather box
|location = Gondia
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan high C = 27.6
|Feb high C = 31.1
|Mar high C = 35.2
|Apr high C = 43.0
|May high C = 47.0
|Jun high C = 45.0
|Jul high C = 30.5
|Aug high C = 29.9
|Sep high C = 30.8
|Oct high C = 31.0
|Nov high C = 29.3
|Dec high C = 27.9
|Jan low C = 13.3
|Feb low C = 15.4
|Mar low C = 19.6
|Apr low C = 24.6
|May low C = 28.9
|Jun low C = 27.4
|Jul low C = 24.3
|Aug low C = 24.1
|Sep low C = 23.9
|Oct low C = 21.2
|Nov low C = 15.2
|Dec low C = 9
|Jan precipitation mm = 18.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 30.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 16.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 16.0
|May precipitation mm = 13.7
|Jun precipitation mm = 219.2
|Jul precipitation mm = 503.9
|Aug precipitation mm = 443.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 222.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 66.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 22.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 5.8
|source = [http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/BHANDARA/gen_climate.html Government of Maharashtra]
|date = June 2012
}}

==Economy==
Gondia is also known as "rice City", as it is a rice-producing district and has about 250 rice mills in its vicinity. It is also a major trading place. The Mumbai–Nagpur–Kolkata Road is the only national highway passing through the district, covering a total distance of {{convert|99.37|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}. Gondia has bus connectivity to [[Jabalpur]], Nagpur, [[Raipur]] and [[Hyderabad]].

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Gondia one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the twelve districts in Maharashtra currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://gondia.gov.in/ Gondia district website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090622101632/http://gondiainfo.hpage.com/ www.gondiainfo.com]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Gondia district
|North = [[Balaghat district]], Madhya Pradesh
|Northeast =
|East = [[Rajnandgaon district]], Chhattisgarh
|Southeast =
|South = [[Gadchiroli district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Bhandara district]]
|Northwest =
}}
{{vidarbha}}
{{Maharashtra}}
{{Godavari basin}}

{{coord|21|27|41|N|80|11|29|E|region:IN-MH_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Gondia district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Nagpur division]]
[[Category:1999 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Vidarbha]]

Gondia district - Revision history

Bharatpediahk at 08:39, 19 September 2023