imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao at 03:24, 15 July 2021

2021-07-15T03:24:57Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Govardhanram Madhavram Tripathi
| image = Govardhanram Tripathi 2013-11-14 23-12.JPG
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1855|10|20}}
| birth_place = [[Nadiad]] (now in [[Gujarat]]), [[Bombay presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1907|01|04|1855|10|20}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Bombay presidency]], [[British India]]
| nationality = Indian
| occupation = Lawyer, novelist, poet, literary critic, literary historian
| notableworks = {{plainlist|
* ''[[Saraswatichandra (novel)|Saraswatichandra]]''
* ''[[Scrap Book (diary)|Scrap Book]]''
}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Harilakshmi|1868|1874|end=her death}} {{marriage|Lalitagauri|1875}}
| relatives = [[Mansukhram Tripathi]] (cousin)
| website = {{Official website}}
}}

'''Govardhanram Madhavram Tripathi''' ({{IPA-gu|ɡoʋəɾd̪ʱənɾɑːm mɑːd̪ʱəʋɾɑːm t̪ɾipɑʈʰiː|pron|Gu-Govardhanram Madhavram Tripathi.ogg}}; 20 October 1855 – 4 January 1907) was an Indian [[Gujarati language]] novelist of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is known for his four volume novel, ''[[Saraswatichandra (novel)|Saraswatichandra]]'', acclaimed as one of the masterpiece of [[Gujarati literature]]. The novel represents the life of Gujarat during the early part of 19th-century.<ref name="Malhotra2005">{{cite book|author=R. P. Malhotra|title=Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Asian Novels and Novelists: A-I|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0v8xZwx2OIC&pg=PA290|access-date=15 March 2018|year=2005|publisher=Global Vision Publishing House|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-8220-067-8|page=290}}</ref>

==Life==
[[File:Govardhanram Smriti Mandir.jpg|thumb|birthplace of Govardhanram in Nadiad|left|150px]]

Govardhanram was born in Vadnagara [[Nagar Brahmin|nagar brahmin]] family on 20 October 1855 on the day of the [[Vijayadashami|Dashera]] festival at [[Nadiad]], [[Bombay presidency]] (now in [[Gujarat]]), to his mother, Shivkashi, and his father, Govardhanram. He took his primary education from the Buddhivardhak Gujarati Shala in [[Mumbai]] and Government English School at Nadiad. Thereafter, he joined [[Elphinstone High School]] from where he passed his matriculation examination in 1871. In the same year, he joined [[Elphinstone College]] to obtain his [[Bachelor of Arts|BA]] degree. He passed his BA examination at the second attempt, in 1875.{{sfn|Suhrud|1999|p=201}}<ref name="Joshi1979">{{cite book|last=Joshi|first=Ramanlal|author-link=Ramanlal Joshi|title=Govardhanram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SOEQAAAAMAAJ|year=1979|series=Makers of Indian Literature|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|pages=5–6|oclc=6950984}}</ref>

After three unsuccessful attempts, he passed [[LLB]] examination in 1883, and started working as a lawyer in Mumbai in 1884. At the age of 43, he retired early and settled in his hometown to contribute to [[Gujarati literature]] and public service.{{sfn|Suhrud|1999|p=202}}<ref name="Joshi1979"/>

Govardhanram died in Mumbai on the evening of 4 January 1907.<ref name="Joshi1979"/>

===Personal life===
In 1868, Govardhanram married Harilakshmi, who died in 1874 in a [[Maternal death|child birth]], leaving behind a daughter, Radha, who also died soon after. In 1876, he married Lalitagauri,{{sfn|Suhrud|1999|p=245}}<ref name="Joshi1979"/> who gave birth to three daughters, Lilavati (b. 1881), Jashvanti (b. 1884) and Jayanti (b. 1888); and a son, Ramaniyaram (b. 1886).{{sfn|Suhrud|1999|p=253}} He was a younger cousin of Gujarati writer [[Mansukhram Tripathi]].<ref name="Patel1995">{{cite book|editor-last=Patel|editor-first=Sujata|editor-link=Sujata Patel|title=Bombay: Mosaic of Modern Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2ZJPAAAAMAAJ|last=Shukla|first=Sonal|chapter=Gujarati Cultural Revivalism|year=1995|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-0-19-563689-5|page=93}}</ref>

==Works==
[[File:Young Govardhanram Tripathi.jpg|thumb|young Govardhanram|150px]]

In 1875, he read a paper, ''A Rude Outline of the General Features of Practical Asceticism in My Sense of the World'', before the Friendly Society. According to Gujarati critic [[Balwantray Thakore]], this paper can be considered the key-stone of Govardhanram's ideology, aspiration and character.<ref name="Joshi1979"/>

In 1887, the first volume of ''Saraswatichandra'' was published, and was followed by volumes 2, 3 and 4 in 1892, 1898, and 1901, respectively; each volume have a separate subtitle: ''The Administration of Buddhidhan'', ''The Family-maze of Gunasundari'', ''The Political Administration of Ratnanagari'' and ''The Dreamland of Saraswati''.<ref name="Malhotra2005"/> The novel represents the life of Gujarat during the early part of 19th-century and also focuses on contemporary social, political, philosophical and cultural issues. It is believed that Govardhanram has sketched his own various personality through this novel.<ref name="Mehta2005">{{cite book|last=Mehta|first=Chandrakant|translator-last=Maru|translator-first=Pallavi|title=Indian classics - Gujarati|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rLxjAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-230-1120-2|pages=1–2}}</ref>

He also took an active role in the Indian Congress during 1902; and in 1905, he was elected as the first president of [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]. He also wrote various articles and essays in the papers '[[Vasant (magazine)|Vasant]]' and 'Samalochak', which were later published as books.

His other works includes ''Snehamudra'', ''Leelavati Jeevankala'' (Lilavati's Art of Living), ''Navalramnu Kavijeevan'' ([[Navalram Pandya|Navalram]]'s life as a poet), ''Dayaramno Akshardeh'' (The Literary Works of [[Dayaram]]), ''Sadavastu Vichar'', and ''[[Scrap Book (diary)|Scrap Book]]'', an autobiographical work.<ref name="Malhotra2005"/>

His ''Classical Poets of Gujarat'' is a critical works with a historical approach. It discusses about Gujarati poets Mira, Narsinh Mehta, Akho, Premananda and Shamal; and the influence of these poets and their works on society and morals.<ref name="ShastriLal1974">{{cite book|first1=Prithvinath |last1=Shastri|first2=P.|last2=Lal|author2-link=Purushottama Lal|title=The Writers Workshop Handbook of Gujarati Literature (A-F.)|volume=1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IacuAAAAMAAJ|year=1974|publisher=Writers Workshop|location=Calcutta|page=58|oclc=2236764}}</ref>

==Legacy==
{{multiple image
| width = 150
| footer = Bust of Govardhanram Tripathi
| image1 = Bust of Govardhanram Tripathi in Nadiad.jpg
| caption1 = bust in [[Nadiad]]
| image2 = Govardhanram Tripathi bust.jpg
| caption2 = bust in [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]
}}

The period from 1885 to 1915 is called "Govardhan-Yug" or "Govardhan-Era" in Gujarati literature.
On 27 April 2016, a commemorative postage stamp was released by Indian Posts to honour Govardhanram Tripathi. The [[Chief Minister of Gujarat]], [[Anandiben Patel]], released the postage stamp in [[Gandhinagar]].<ref name="DeshGujarat 2016">{{cite web | title=Gujarat CM releases postal stamp of Shri Govardhanram Tripathi | website=DeshGujarat | date=27 April 2016 | url=http://deshgujarat.com/2016/04/27/gujarat-cm-releases-postal-stamp-of-shri-govardhanram-tripathi/ | access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Stamp Released on Gujrati Writer Govardhanram Tripathi|website=PhilaMirror|url=http://philamirror.info/2016/04/28/stamp-released-on-gujrati-writer-govardhanram-tripathi/| date=28 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://anandibenpatel.com/en/gujarat-cm-launches-postal-stamp-memory-shri-govardhanram-tripathi/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501160550/http://anandibenpatel.com/en/gujarat-cm-launches-postal-stamp-memory-shri-govardhanram-tripathi/ |archive-date=1 May 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==References ==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book |last=Suhrud|first=Tridip|author-link=Tridip Suhrud|title=Narrations of a Nation: Explorations Through Intellectual Biographies|chapter=Consumption as ''Dharma'': Govardhanram Tripathi and the Dissolution of the Self|chapter-url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/46631/9/09_chapter%204.pdf|year=1999|publisher=School of Social Sciences, [[Gujarat University]]|location=Ahmedabad|type=Ph.D thesis|hdl=10603/46631}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last=Pandya |first=Kantilal Chhaganlal |editor-last=Pandya |editor-first=Upendra |title=Sriyut Govardhanram |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.538082 |language=gu |year=1965 |edition=2nd |publisher=N. M. Tripathi Pvt. Ltd. |location=Mumbai |oclc=24453446}}

==External links==
{{wikisource|gu:સર્જક:ગોવર્ધનરામ ત્રિપાઠી|Govardhanram Tripathi}}
* {{Gbooks-author|Govardhanarāma Mādhavarāma Tripāṭhī}}
* {{GujLit author}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tripathi, Govardhanram}}
[[Category:1855 births]]
[[Category:1907 deaths]]
[[Category:Gujarati people]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language writers]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Gujarat]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:People from Nadiad]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Indian literary historians]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:British India judges]]

Govardhanram Tripathi - Revision history

imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao at 03:24, 15 July 2021