https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Group_of_77Group of 77 - Revision history2026-07-31T18:03:00ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Group_of_77&diff=419506&oldid=prevAjay Kumar at 09:35, 27 August 20232023-08-27T09:35:15Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Coalition of 134 developing countries}}<br />
{{Infobox organization<br />
| name = Group of 77<br />
| pronounce = <br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| nickname = <br />
| named_after = Number of founding Member States<br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| logo = Group of 77 Logo.svg<br />
| logo_size = 150px<br />
| logo_alt = <br />
| logo_caption = <br />
| abbreviation = G77<br />
| formation = {{start date and age|1964|06|15|df=yes}}<br />
| founding_location = [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]]<br />
| type = [[Intergovernmental organization|Intergovernmental]] [[voting bloc]]<br />
| purpose = To provide a forum for developing nations to promote their economic interests<br />
| headquarters = [[United Nations Headquarters]]<br />
| methods = [[Collective bargaining]], [[lobbying]], reports and studies<br />
| fields = [[International Politics|International politics]]<br />
| membership = 134 Member States<br />
| membership_year = 2019<br />
| leader_title = Chair of the Group of 77<br />
| leader_name = {{flagcountry|Cuba}} <br />
| affiliations = [[United Nations]]<br />
| budget = <br />
| budget_year = <br />
| website = [https://www.g77.org/ G77.org]<br />
| remarks = <br />
| formerly = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
| bodystyle = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Group of 77''' ('''G77''') at the [[United Nations]] (UN) is a coalition of 134 [[developing country|developing countries]], designed to promote its members' collective [[economic]] interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations.<ref>[http://www.g77.org/doc/index.html#aim About the Group of 77:Aims]</ref> There were 77 founding members of the organization headquartered in [[Geneva]], but it has since expanded to 134 member countries.{{efn|China is officially considered as a member by the organization, yet not by China itself.}}<ref name="membership">{{cite web|title=The Member States of the Group of 77|url=http://www.g77.org/doc/members.html|website=The Group of 77 at the United Nations}}</ref> [[Cuba]] holds its chairmanship for 2023, succeeding [[Pakistan]].<br />
<br />
The group was founded on 15 June 1964, by 77 [[Non-Aligned Nations|non-aligned nations]] in the "Joint Declaration of the Seventy-Seven Countries" issued at the [[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development]] (UNCTAD).<ref>[http://www.g77.org/doc/index.html#establish About the Group of 77:Establishment]</ref> The first major meeting was in [[Algiers]] in 1967, where the ''Charter of Algiers'' was adopted and the basis for permanent institutional structures was begun under the leadership of Raul Prebisch who had previously worked at [[United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean|ECLA]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Prebisch|first1=Raúl|last2=Prebisch|first2=Raul|date=October 1986|title=El desarrollo económico de la América Latina y algunos de sus principales problemas|journal=Desarrollo Económico|volume=26|issue=103|pages=479|doi=10.2307/3466824|issn=0046-001X|jstor=3466824|hdl=11362/10183|url=http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=2494534 }}</ref> There are ''Chapters of the Group of 77'' in Geneva (UN), [[Rome]] ([[FAO]]), [[Vienna]] ([[United Nations Industrial Development Organization|UNIDO]]), [[Paris]] ([[UNESCO]]), [[Nairobi]] ([[UNEP]]) and the [[Group of 24]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] ([[International Monetary Fund]] and [[World Bank]]).<br />
<br />
==Policies==<br />
The group was credited with a common stance against [[apartheid]] and for supporting global [[disarmament]].<ref name="Satpathy2005">{{cite book|author=Satpathy|title=Environment Management|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qK6ZtF5v7JYC&pg=PA30|year=2005|publisher=Excel Books India|isbn=978-81-7446-458-3|page=30}}</ref> It has been supportive of the [[New International Economic Order]].<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=30}}<ref name="FitzmauriceOng2010">{{cite book|first1=Malgosia|last1=Fitzmaurice|first2=David M.|last2=Ong|first3=Panos|last3=Merkouris|title=Research Handbook on International Environmental Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ABYTxWnihdwC&pg=PA567|year=2010|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-84980-726-5|pages=567–}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Regarding environmental matters, the G77's position is that the developed countries bear historical responsibility for [[greenhouse gas emissions]], pointing also to the disparity in [[per capita emissions]] between the developing and developed countries.<ref name=":92">{{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Joanna I. |title=Greening East Asia: The Rise of the Eco-Developmental State |date=2020 |publisher=[[University of Washington Press]] |isbn=978-0-295-74791-0 |editor-last=Esarey |editor-first=Ashley |location=Seattle |chapter=China's Low-Carbon Energy Strategy |jstor=j.ctv19rs1b2 |editor-last2=Haddad |editor-first2=Mary Alice |editor-last3=Lewis |editor-first3=Joanna I. |editor-last4=Harrell |editor-first4=Stevan}}</ref>{{Rp|page=53}} As a result, the G77 often resists binding commitments to reduce its emissions.<ref name=":92" />{{Rp|page=53}} The G77 has been subject to criticism for its lacklustre support, or outright opposition, to pro-[[Environmentalism|environmental]] initiatives, which the group considers secondary to [[economic development]] and [[Poverty reduction|poverty eradication]] initiatives.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=30}} In turn, the G77 has criticized the wealthier nations for their insufficient attention to poverty eradication, including at the [[Earth Summit|1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development]] in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Satpathy |first=Ipseeta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qK6ZtF5v7JYC&pg=PA30#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Environment Management |date=2005 |publisher=Excel Books India |isbn=978-81-7446-458-3 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=30-31}} <br />
<br />
== Members ==<br />
<br />
[[File:G 77.svg|right|350px|thumb|Group of 77 countries as of 2013]]<br />
<br />
As of 2020, the group comprises all of the [[List of United Nations member states|UN member states]] (along with the U.N. observer [[State of Palestine]]), excluding the following countries:<br />
<br />
# Members of the [[Council of Europe]], except for [[Azerbaijan]].<br />
# Members of the [[Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area]], except for [[Tajikistan]].<br />
# Members of the [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]], except for its three [[South America]]n members.<br />
# Two [[Pacific Islands|Pacific]] [[Microstate#List of sovereign nations with fewer than 500,000 people|microstates]]: [[Palau]] and [[Tuvalu]].<br />
<br />
===Current founding members<ref>[http://www.g77.org/doc/Joint%20Declaration.html Signed the "JOINT DECLARATION OF THE SEVENTY-SEVEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES".]</ref>===<br />
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|<br />
# {{flagcountry|Afghanistan|2013}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Algeria}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Argentina}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Benin}}{{efn|Joined as Dahomey.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Bolivia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Brazil}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Burkina Faso}}{{efn|Joined as Upper Volta.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Burundi}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Cambodia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Cameroon}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Central African Republic}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Chad}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Chile}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Colombia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Republic of the Congo|Republic of the Congo}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Democratic Republic of the Congo|Republic of the Congo (Democratic)}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Costa Rica}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Dominican Republic}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Ecuador}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Egypt}}{{efn|Joined as the United Arab Republic.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|El Salvador}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Gabon}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Ghana}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Guatemala}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Guinea}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Haiti}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Honduras}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|India}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Iran}} <br />
# {{flagcountry|Iraq}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Jamaica}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Jordan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Kenya}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Kuwait}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Laos}} <br />
# {{flagcountry|Lebanon}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Liberia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Libya}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Madagascar}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Mali}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Mauritania}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Morocco}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Myanmar}}{{efn|Joined as Burma.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Nepal}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Nicaragua}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Niger}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Nigeria}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Panama}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Paraguay}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Peru}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Philippines}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Rwanda}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Senegal}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Sierra Leone}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Somalia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}{{efn|Joined as Ceylon.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Sudan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Syria}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Tanzania}}{{efn|Joined as the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Thailand}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Togo}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Tunisia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Uganda}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Uruguay}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Venezuela}} <br />
# {{flagcountry|Vietnam}} <br />
# {{flagcountry|Yemen}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Other current members ===<br />
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|<br />
# {{flagcountry|Angola}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Azerbaijan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Bahamas}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Bahrain}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Barbados}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Belize}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Bhutan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Botswana}}<br />
# {{flagdeco|Brunei Darussalam}} [[Brunei|Brunei Darussalam]]<br />
# {{flagcountry|China}}{{efn|Officially considered as a member by the organization, yet not by China itself}}<br />
# {{flagdeco|Cape Verde}} [[Cape Verde|Cabo Verde]]<br />
# {{flagcountry|Comoros}}<br />
# {{flagdeco|Côte d'Ivoire}} [[Ivory Coast|Côte D'Ivoire]]<br />
# {{flagcountry|Cuba}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Djibouti}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Dominica}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Equatorial Guinea}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Eritrea}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Eswatini}}{{efn|Joined as Swaziland.}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Fiji}}<br />
# {{flagdeco|Gambia}} [[The Gambia]]<br />
# {{flagcountry|Grenada}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Guinea-Bissau}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Guyana}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Kiribati}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Lesotho}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Malawi}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Maldives}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Marshall Islands}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Mauritius}}<br />
# {{flagdeco|Federated States of Micronesia}} [[Federated States of Micronesia]]<br />
# {{flagcountry|Mongolia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Mozambique}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Namibia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|North Korea}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Nauru}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Oman}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|State of Palestine}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Papua New Guinea}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Qatar}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Saint Lucia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Samoa}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Seychelles}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Singapore}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Solomon Islands}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|South Africa}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|South Sudan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Suriname}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Tajikistan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Timor Leste}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Tonga}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Turkmenistan}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|United Arab Emirates}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Vanuatu}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Zambia}}<br />
# {{flagcountry|Zimbabwe}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Former members ===<br />
# {{flagcountry|New Zealand}} signed the original "Joint Declaration of the Developing Countries" in October 1963 but pulled out of the group before the formation of the G77 in 1964 (it joined the [[OECD]] in 1973).<br />
# {{flagcountry|Mexico}} was a founding member but left the Group after joining the [[OECD]] in 1994. It had presided over the group in 1973–1974, 1983–1984; however, it is still a member of G-24.<br />
# {{flagcountry|South Korea|1984}} was a founding member but left the Group after joining the [[OECD]] in 1996.<br />
# {{flagcountry|Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia}} was a founding member; by the late 1990s, it was still listed on the membership list, but it was noted that it "cannot participate in the activities of G77." It was removed from the list in late 2003.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}} It had presided over the group from 1985 to 1986. Bosnia and Herzegovina was the last former Yugoslavian state to be a member of the G77 and is no longer a member as of 2019.<br />
# {{flagcountry|Cyprus}} was a founding member but was no longer listed on the official membership list after it acceded to the [[European Union]] in 2004.<br />
# {{flagcountry|Malta}} was admitted to the Group in 1976 but was no longer listed on the official membership list after it acceded to the [[European Union]] in 2004.<br />
# {{flagcountry|Palau}} joined the Group in 2002 but withdrew in 2004, having decided that it could best pursue its environmental interests through the [[Alliance of Small Island States]].<br />
# {{flagcountry|Romania}} was classed as a Latin American country for the purposes of the G77, having joined in 1976.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=YVCnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA125 James Mark, Bogdan C. Iacob, Tobias Rupprecht, Ljubica Spaskovska, Cambridge University Press, 29 aug. 2019, ''1989 A Global History of Eastern Europe'', p. 125]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZzSDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA43 James Mark, Artemy M. Kalinovsky, Steffi Marung, Indiana University Press, 11 feb. 2020, ''Alternative Globalizations: Eastern Europe and the Postcolonial World'', p. 43]</ref> The G77 was divided into geographical regions, and because there was technically no European area, Romania was placed under the umbrella of [[Latin America]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=_YGPAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Romania+with+Latin+America%22 United Nations University Press, 1995, ''State, Society and the UN System: Changing Perspectives on Multilateralism'', p. 152]</ref> Romania left the G77 following its accession to the [[European Union]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1BxlVCfsQYkC&pg=PT135 Bertrand Badie, Springer, Aug 21, 2012, ''Diplomacy of Connivance'']</ref><br />
<br />
=== China ===<br />
The Group of 77 lists China as one of its members.<ref name="membership"/> The Chinese government provides consistent political support to the G77 and has made financial contributions to the Group since 1994, but it does not consider itself to be a member.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/wjb_673085/zzjg_673183/gjjjs_674249/gjzzyhygk_674253/qsqg_674549/gk_674551/ |title = 七十七国集团（Group of 77, G77） |publisher = [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China]] |date = July 2016 |quote = 中国不是77国集团成员，但一贯支持其正义主张和合理要求，与其保持良好合作关系，在经社领域一般以“77国集团加中国”的模式表达共同立场。中国自1994年开始每年向其捐款，2014年起捐款每年5万美元。}}</ref> As a result, official statements of the G77 are delivered in the name of '''The Group of 77 and China''' or '''G77+China'''.<ref name="statement66_292">{{cite web|title=Statement on behalf of the Group of 77 and China by HE Mr. Horacio Sevilla Borja, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Ecuador to the United Nations, at the opening session of the 4th Prepcom established by General Assembly resolution 69/292: Development of an international legally binding instrument under UNCLOS on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (New York, 10 July 2017)|url=http://www.g77.org/statement/getstatement.php?id=170710|website=www.g77.org|quote=Mr. Chair, I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Group of 77 and China.}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Presiding countries ==<br />
The following is the chain of succession of the chairmanship of the G77:<ref>{{cite web|title=Presiding Countries of the Group of 77 in New York|url=http://www.g77.org/doc/presiding.html|website=The Group of 77 at the United Nations}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:G77presidingcountries.png|thumb|350px|Presiding countries of the G77 since 1970. Colors show the number of times a country has held the position. Gray = never, Yellow = once, Orange = twice, Red = three times]]<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Presiding country<br />
! Year<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|India}}<br />
| 1970–71<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Peru}}<br />
| 1971–72<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Egypt|1972}}<br />
| 1972–73<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Iran|1964}}<br />
| 1973–74<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Mexico}}<br />
| 1974–75<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Madagascar}}<br />
| 1975–76<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}<br />
| 1976–77<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Jamaica}}<br />
| 1977–78<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Tunisia|1959}}<br />
| 1978–79<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|India}}<br />
| 1979–80<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Venezuela|1954}}<br />
| 1980–81<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Algeria}}<br />
| 1981–82<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}<br />
| 1982–83<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Mexico}}<br />
| 1983–84<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Egypt}}<br />
| 1984–85<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Yugoslavia}}<br />
| 1985–86<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Guatemala}}<br />
| 1987<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Tunisia|1959}}<br />
| 1988<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}<br />
| 1989<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Bolivia}}<br />
| 1990<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Ghana}}<br />
| 1991<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}<br />
| 1992<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Colombia}}<br />
| 1993<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Algeria}}<br />
| 1994<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Philippines}}<br />
| 1995<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Costa Rica}}<br />
| 1996<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Tanzania}}<br />
| 1997<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Indonesia}}<br />
| 1998<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Guyana}}<br />
| 1999<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Nigeria}}<br />
| 2000<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Iran}}<br />
| 2001<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Venezuela|1954}}<br />
| 2002<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Morocco}}<br />
| 2003<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Qatar}}<br />
| 2004<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Jamaica}}<br />
| 2005<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|South Africa}}<br />
| 2006<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}<br />
| 2007<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br />
| 2008<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Sudan}}<br />
| 2009<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Yemen}}<br />
| 2010<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Argentina}}<br />
| 2011<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Algeria}}<br />
| 2012<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Fiji}}<br />
| 2013<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Bolivia}}<br />
| 2014<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|South Africa}}<br />
| 2015<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Thailand}}<br />
| 2016<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Ecuador}}<br />
| 2017<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Egypt}}<br />
| 2018<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|State of Palestine}}<br />
| 2019<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Guyana}}<br />
|2020<br />
|-<br />
| {{flagcountry|Guinea}}<br />
|2021<br />
|-<br />
|{{flagcountry|Pakistan}}<br />
|2022<br />
|-<br />
|{{flagcountry|Cuba}}<br />
|2023<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Group of 24==<br />
{{Main|Group of 24}}<br />
<br />
[[File:G24 nations.svg|right|300px|thumb|G-24 countries.{{legend|green|Member nations}}{{legend|lime|Observer nations}}]]<br />
<br />
The Group of 24 ('''G-24''') is a chapter of the G-77 that was established in 1971 to coordinate the positions of [[developing country|developing countries]] on international monetary and development finance issues and to ensure that their interests were adequately represented in negotiations on international monetary matters. Every member of the G-24, except for Mexico, is also a member of the G77.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
{{Portal|Politics}}<br />
* [[Non-Aligned Movement]]<br />
* [[Third World]]<br />
* [[Global South]]<br />
* [[North–South divide in the World|North–South divide]]<br />
* [[South–South cooperation]]<br />
* [[G20 developing nations]]<br />
* [[Politics of climate change]]<br />
* [[List of country groupings]]<br />
* [[List of multilateral free-trade agreements]]<br />
* [[Nozipho Mxakato-Diseko]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons category}}<br />
* {{Official|http://www.g77.org/}}<br />
* [https://www.g24.org/ Official website of the Group of 24]<br />
<br />
{{International power}}<br />
{{South-South}}<br />
{{UNFCCC negotiating groups}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:G7 summits]]<br />
[[Category:United Nations coalitions and unofficial groups]]<br />
[[Category:China and the United Nations]]<br />
[[Category:Organizations established in 1964]]<br />
[[Category:Economic country classifications]]</div>Ajay Kumar