https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Guler_StateGuler State - Revision history2026-07-30T04:46:56ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Guler_State&diff=205972&oldid=prev202.51.69.84 at 12:40, 27 May 20212021-05-27T12:40:25Z<p></p>
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{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox former subdivision<br />
|native_name =गुलेर<br />
|conventional_long_name =Guler State<br />
|common_name =Guler<br />
|nation = [[British India]]<br />
|status_text = [[Princely State]]<br />
|capital = Haripur Guler<br />
|era = <br />
|year_start = 1415<br />
|date_start = <br />
|event_start= Foundation of the state<br />
|year_end = 1813<br />
|date_end = <br />
|event_end= Annexed by the [[British Raj]]<br />
|event1 = <br />
|date_event1 = <br />
|p1 =Kangra State<br />
|s1 = Presidencies and provinces of British India<br />
|flag_p1 = Flag of Kangra state.png<br />
|flag_s1 =British Raj Red Ensign.svg<br />
|image_flag = <br />
|image_coat =<br />
|image_map = <br />
|image_map_caption =<br />
|stat_area1 = 65<br />
|stat_year1 = <br />
|stat_pop1 = <br />
|today = [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]] <br />
|footnotes =<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Durga Mahisasuramardini.JPG|thumb|Depiction of [[Durga]] in a Guler style painting]]<br />
'''Guler''' was a small precolonial [[India]]n hill state in the Lower [[Himalayas]]. Its capital was the town of [[Haripur Guler]], in modern-day [[Himachal Pradesh]]. The kingdom was founded in 1415 by Raja Hari Chand, a scion of the ancient royal family of [[Kangra State|Kangra]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}<br />
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Guler State is famous as the birthplace of [[Kangra painting]] in the first half of the 18th century when a family of [[Kashmir]]i painters trained in [[Mughal painting]] sought shelter at the court of Raja Dalip Singh (r. 1695–1741) of Guler. The rise of [[Haripur Guler#Guler Paintings|Guler Paintings]] or Guler style started in what is known as the early phase of Kangra art.<ref>[http://hillpost.in/2005/03/guler-style/93/ Hill Post - Guler Style]</ref><br />
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==History==<br />
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===Early history===<br />
According to legends, the Guler state was founded at an uncertain date between 1405 and 1450 by Raja Hari Chand. One fateful day, he fell into a dry well while hunting. Since no one could find him, the Raja was presumed dead and his brother was then named the Raja of [[Kangra State]]. When Raja Hari Chand was eventually brought back alive from the well, instead of fighting for his rights to the throne, he founded the town of Haripur on the valley below the fort by the [[Banganga River (Himachal Pradesh)|Banganga River]].<ref>Mark Brentnall ''The Princely and Noble Families of the Former Indian Empire Himachal Pradesh,'' vol. I: Himachal Pradesh, Indus Publishing, 2004, {{ISBN|8173871639}}, {{ISBN|9788173871634}}, p. 304</ref><br />
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===British Raj===<br />
In 1813, Guler state was annexed to British India, after a brief period of [[Sikh Empire|Sikh rule]] under Maharaja [[Ranjit Singh]]. Bhup Singh (1765 - 1826) was the last ruling king. He accepted a [[jagir]] in Nandpur in 1826. The jagir was recognized by the British government in 1853. In 1877, his son Shamsher Singh died without male heirs and the state lapsed.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}<br />
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==Rulers==<br />
A list of rulers of the Guler state who bore the title '[[Raja]]'.<ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_princes_A-J.html Princely states of India]</ref><br />
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=== Rajas ===<br />
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* 1247- 1267. Hari Chander<br />
* 1271- 1292. Gun Chand<br />
* 1293- 1310. Udhan Chander<br />
* 1310 - 1333. Swaran Chand<br />
* 1333- 1347. Gyan Chander<br />
* 1348 - 1367. Narender Chander<br />
* 1367 - 1389. Udhen Chander<br />
* 1389 - 1414. Rattan Chander<br />
* 1415 - 1433. Garud Chander<br />
* 1433 - 1438. Gambhir Chand<br />
* 1448 - 1464. Abhay Chander<br />
* 1464 - 1471. Uttam Chander<br />
* 1481 - 1503. Prithvi Chander<br />
* 1503 - 1526 Karan Chander<br />
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*1526 – 1550 &emsp; Ram Chand (Fifteenth ruler)<br />
*1550 – &emsp; Jagdish Chand<br />
*1568 - Rup Chand<br />
*&emsp;<br />
*&emsp;<br />
*1635 – 1661 &emsp; Man Singh<br />
*1661 – 1675 &emsp; Vikram Singh<br />
*1695 – 1741 &emsp; Dalip Singh &emsp;&emsp; (b. 1688 – d. 1741)<br />
*1695 – 1705 &emsp; Bilas Devi (f) -Regent<br />
*1730 – 1741 &emsp; Govardhan Singh -Regent &emsp; (b. 1713 – d. 1773)<br />
*<br />
*1773 – 1790 &emsp; Prakash Singh &emsp; (b. 1748 – d. 1820)<br />
*1790 – 1813 &emsp; Bhup Singh &emsp;&emsp; (b. 1765 – d. 1826)<br />
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== Guler paintings ==<br />
The Guler state became famous for its [[Kangra paintings]]. Guler style painting constitutes the early phase of Kangra ''Kalam''. Around the middle of the eighteenth century, some Hindu artists trained in Mughal style sought the patronage of the Rajas of Guler in the [[Kangra Valley]]. <br />
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Of the hill states, Guler has the longest tradition in the art of painting. During the rule of Raja Dalip Singh (1645–1743), artists were working at Haripur, Guler. However, it was during the reign of Govardhan Chand (1743–1773) that an active school of painting developed at Haripur, Guler. There are numerous portraits of the king in the [[Chandigarh Museum]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chdmuseum.nic.in/art_gallery/indian_miniature_painting.html |title=Chandigarh Museum - Kangra paintings |access-date=4 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615203046/http://chdmuseum.nic.in/art_gallery/indian_miniature_painting.html |archive-date=15 June 2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Govardhan Chand's son, Prakash Chand (1773–1779), continued the patronage of artists. His son, Bhup Chand (1790–1826), had artists working under him. Painting in Guler continued right up to the close of the 19th century.{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}<br />
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The art of Guler style painting flourished in families with distinguishable styles and techniques, most significant amo them were that of Pandit Seu of Guler, who died in about 1740, and his sons, [[Nainsukh]] and Manaku. Later, while Manaku worked at Guler, Nainsukh migrated to [[Jammu]].<ref>[http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/sikhism/art/hindu/index.html Hindu Hill Kingdoms] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100330034200/http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/sikhism/art/hindu/index.html |date=30 March 2010 }} ''[[V&A Museum]]''</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[List of Rajput dynasties]]<br />
*[[Kangra painting]]<br />
*[[Pahari painting]]<br />
*[[Bashohli]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Further reading==<br />
*{{cite book |author=Kossak , Steven | title= ''Indian court painting, 16th–19th century.'' | location=New York | publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art | year=1997| isbn=0870997831 | url=http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/12335/rec/74}} (see index: p.&nbsp;148-152, for more information about Guler Painting)<br />
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==External links==<br />
*{{commons category inline|Guler style}}<br />
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{{Princely states of the Punjab and Simla Hills}}<br />
{{Princely states annexed by British India}}<br />
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[[Category:Princely states of Punjab]]<br />
[[Category:History of Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Kangra district]]<br />
[[Category:Schools of Indian painting]]<br />
[[Category:Rajputs]]</div>202.51.69.84