imported>Run n Fly at 18:49, 15 April 2021

2021-04-15T18:49:04Z

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{{Short description|Research institute in Mumbai, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
The '''Haffkine Institute''' for Training, Research and Testing is located in [[Parel]] in [[Mumbai]] (Bombay), [[India]]. It was established on 10 August 1899 by Dr. [[Waldemar Haffkine|Waldemar Mordecai Haffkine]], as a bacteriology research centre called the "Plague Research Laboratory".<ref name= "HIH">{{cite web|url=http://www.haffkineinstitute.org/institute.htm |title=History|publisher= Haffkine Institute|access-date=30 September 2014}}</ref> It now offers various basic and applied bio-medical science services. The Institute opened a museum on its premises in March 2014 to showcase Haffkine's research and developments in microbiology and chart the history of the institute.<ref name="MM">{{cite news | url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/Museum-of-Maladies-and-their-miracles/articleshow/31496696.cms | title=Museum of Maladies and their miracles| publisher=[[Mumbai Mirror]] | date= 6 March 2014| access-date=30 September 2014}}</ref> The Institute received ISO 9001:2008 certification in 2012.<ref name= "HID">{{cite web|url=http://www.haffkineinstitute.org/director.htm |title= From Directors Desk|publisher= Haffkine Institute|access-date=30 September 2014}}</ref>

The Institute now serves as a teaching institution in the field of biomedical sciences and is affiliated to the [[University of Mumbai]] for M.Sc (Microbiology, Applied Biology and Organic Chemistry), Ph.D. (Microbiology) and M.D (P.S.M.) degree programs. In addition, the Institute undertakes specialized testing assignments and projects for pharmaceutical and other health-related products. The Institute conducts research in the improvement of the [[foot-and-mouth disease]] vaccine, surveillance and microbiological analysis of typhoid, prevalence of drug resistance in bacteria, studies of infections occurring in [[AIDS]] patients, and the development of newer [[chemotherapeutic]] agents to combat [[microbial]] and [[zoonotic]] infections.<ref name= "HID"/>

== History ==
Dr. Haffkine, an orthodox Jewish Ukrainian scientist assigned by the [[Pasteur Institute]] to work in India,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Un illustre inconnu|last=Hanhart|first=Joel|publisher=Lichma|year=2017|isbn=978-2-912553-84-3|location=Paris|language=fr}}</ref> is recognized as the [[microbiologist]] who first developed and used vaccines against [[cholera]] and [[bubonic plague]]. In October 1896, an [[Third plague pandemic|epidemic of bubonic plague]] struck Bombay (now [[Mumbai]]) and the government asked Haffkine to help.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Waldemar Mordekhaï Haffkine (1860-1930). Biographie intellectuelle|last=Hanhart|first=Joel|publisher=Éditions Honoré Champion|year=2016|isbn=978-2-7453-3074-1|location=Paris|language=fr}}</ref> He embarked upon the development of a vaccine in a makeshift laboratory in a corridor of [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals|Grant Medical College]]. In three months of persistent work (one of his assistants experienced a [[nervous breakdown]], two others quit), a form of vaccine was ready for human trials. On 10 January 1897,<ref name= "HIH"/> Haffkine tested it on himself. The vaccines that Haffkine prepared had remarkable results.

===Sans Pareil===
Sans Pareil was once the official residence of the Governor of Bombay. This mansion, which was originally a [[Jesuit]] chapel, was built as part of the Jesuit monastery on Parel Island<ref name="Tindall1992">{{cite book|author=Gillian Tindall|title=City of Gold: The Biography of Bombay|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fKwmBWs-jGMC&pg=PA38|year=1992|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-009500-5|pages=38}}</ref> in 1673.<ref name= "HIH"/> [[William Hornby (governor)|William Hornby]] (1771–1784) was the first governor to take up residence at the mansion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rajbhavan.maharashtra.gov.in/Pages/frm_rajbhavanhistory.aspx?lang=en-US |title=The History of Raj Bhavan, Mumbai|publisher= Raj Bhavan Maharashtra|access-date=30 September 2014}}</ref> The governor's residence moved to [[Raj Bhavan (Mumbai)|its present site]] on [[Malabar Hill]] in 1885 and the property was used by the Bombay Presidency Recorders. Haffkine moved into the building to set up the "Plague Research Laboratory" in 1899, the laboratory being formally opened by the then governor of Bombay, [[William Mansfield, 1st Viscount Sandhurst|Lord Sandhurst]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya|title=History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization: pt. 1. Science, technology, imperialism and war|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lrx3wLz4itkC&pg=PA566|year=1999|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=9788131728185|pages=556–}}</ref> The Institute was renamed "Bombay Bacteriology Laboratory" in 1906 and finally as "Haffkine Institute" in 1925.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.haffkineinstitute.org Haffkine Institute]
* [http://www.vaccinehaffkine.com/ Haffkine BioPharma Corp]

{{Coord missing|Maharashtra}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:1899 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Research institutes in Mumbai]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Medical research institutes in India]]

Haffkine Institute - Revision history

imported>Run n Fly at 18:49, 15 April 2021