2409:4053:2218:3EF7:FB8E:88E9:EF71:4EF9 at 16:43, 24 October 2021

2021-10-24T16:43:26Z

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{{short description|Afghan highlander (1723-1774)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox nobility
| name = Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech
| native_name = حافظ رحمت خان
| birth_date = {{birth year|1723}}
| death_date = April, {{death year and age|1774|1723}}
| religion = [[Islam]]
| image =
| caption =
| module = {{Infobox military person
| embed = yes
| allegiance = [[Mughal Empire]]
| branch = [[Rohilkhand|Regents of Rohilkhand]]
| rank = [[Wali (administrative title)|Wali]], [[Faujdar]], [[Ispahsalar]]
| battles = [[Mughal-Maratha Wars]], [[Third Battle of Panipat]]
}}}}

[[File:The Third battle of Panipat 13 January 1761.jpg|right|250px|thumb|The [[Third battle of Panipat]], 13 January 1761, Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech left to [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]], shown on a brown horse.]]

'''Hafiz Rahmat Khan''' (1723 – April 1774) was Mughal [[Regent]] of [[Rohilkhand]] in North India, from 1749 to 1774.<ref>[http://www.uq.net.au/~zzhsoszy/ips/r/rampur.html Genealogy of Rampur princely state], [→]</ref> He was a [[Pashtun people|Pashtun]] by background, ruling over [[Rohillas]]. Hafiz Rahmat Khan had served honorably throughout the reign of three [[Mughal Emperor]]s: [[Ahmad Shah Bahadur]], [[Alamgir II]] and [[Shah Alam II]]. He was also a mentor of Prince [[Mirza Jawan Bakht (born 1749)|Mirza Jawan Bakht]].

==Early life and origins==
In 1623 two Pashtun brothers of the [[Barech]] [[Durrani]] tribe, Bahadur Khan and Husain Khan, come from frontier in to katehr region

==Victory against Ahmad Shah Durrani (1748)==
In the year 1748, [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] led an expedition to plunder the western regions of the [[Mughal Empire]]. This incursion posed as a major challenge to the [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Muhammad Shah]], who urgently [[Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asaf Jah I|Asaf Jah I]] from the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] in order to lead the [[Mughal Army]] based in the North-West [[South Asia]], this army was also headed by Prince [[Ahmad Shah Bahadur|Ahmad Shah]] and according to the advise of [[Ali Mohammed Khan]], Hafiz Rahmat Khan was appointed as the ''[[Subedar]] of Sirhind'' in order to lead and regain and recover territories from the Durrani,<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936|author=Houtsma, T.|date=1987|publisher=E. J. Brill|isbn=9789004082656|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xd5VonTOppMC|page=214|accessdate=2014-10-12}}</ref> forces even [[Muhammad Muradyab Khan (Nawab Sarbuland Khan)|Muradyab Khan Kalhoro]] the [[Subedar]] of [[Sindh]] to dispatch reinforcements to assist the [[Mughal Army]] along the river banks.

Prince Ahmad and the respected Grand Vizier [[Asaf Jah I]] were dispatched by the [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Muhammad Shah]] to command a large [[Mughal Army]] of 75,000 to confront the advancing Durrani's. At [[Sirhind]] both forces fought a decisive battle and Prince Ahmad was nominally victorious. He was thereupon conferred with the title [[Baghatur|Bahadur]], by the Mughal Emperor.

==Mughal Civil War==
According to a [[Firman]] by [[Ahmad Shah Bahadur]] Hafiz Rahmat Khan was assigned to support [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung III|Feroze Jung III]] against the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[Grand Vizier]] [[Safdarjung]], who was defeated and forgiven and thus withdrew to become just the [[Nawab of Awadh]] and died in 1753.

When Ahmad Shah Bahadur tried to have young Feroze Jung III removed from the imperial court, the outcast then sought an alliance with the detested [[Maratha]] chieftain [[Sadashivrao Bhau]]. Together they deposed Ahmad Shah Bahadur after the devastating [[First Battle of Sikandarabad]] in the year 1754.

Since then Hafiz Rahmat Khan entered the service of Najib-ul-Daula and constantly fought the [[Maratha]]s led by [[Sadashivrao Bhau]] and opposed [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung III|Feroze Jung III]].

==Alliance with the Ahmad Shah Durrani==
In 1757, the [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Alamgir II]] with courtiers such as [[Najib-ul-Daula]] and Hafiz Rahmat Khan, nobles such as Shah Waliullah and the imperial family went to Sirhind to meet [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]], whose forces then engaged the [[Maratha]]s in combat and threatened to overthrow and execute the regime of [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung III|Imad-ul-Mulk]]. Ahmad Shah Durrani's relations with the [[Mughal Emperor]], strengthened further when his son [[Timur Shah Durrani]] married the daughter of Alamgir II and patronized the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] commander Jahan Khan.

==Third Battle of Panipat==
He played an important part in Indian warfare over several decades, being on the winning side of Afghans at the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] of 1761, but was defeated and killed in the [[Rohilla War]].<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V07_011.gif History of Bareilly District] [[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]], 1909, v. 7, p. 5.</ref>

==Counterattacks against Suraj Mal==
In the year 1764, [[Najib-ul-Daula]] the administrator of Delhi and the Mughal heartlands faces the relentless warfare by [[Jat]] peasants led by the Brave king [[Suraj Mal]], who sacked the [[Mughal Army]] garrison at Agra and even looted the silver doors of the [[Taj Mahal]].

==Internal conflict with Awadh==
After the war Nawab [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] demanded payment for their help from the [[Rohilla]] chief, Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech. When the demand was refused the Nawab joined with the British under [[Governor-General of India|Governor]] [[Warren Hastings]] and his [[Commander-in-Chief]], [[Alexander Champion (East India Company officer)|Alexander Champion]], to invade [[Rohilkhand]] and Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech was killed in the ensuing [[Battle of Miranpur Katra]] in 1774. The whole of [[Rohilkhand]] (including [[Bareilly]], [[Pilibhit]] and [[Shahjanpur]]) was surrendered to the [[Honourable East India Company|East India Company]] by the treaty of 10 November 1801. Later, [[Bareilly]] was a centre of rebellion for the entire area in the [[Indian Mutiny]] of 1857.
<ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019WDZ000000187U00000000 Hafiz] British Library.</ref>

He founded the town of [[Pilibhit]], where he also built a Jama Masjid, a replica of the [[Jama Masjid, Delhi]]<ref>[http://pilibhit.nic.in/aoi.htm Jama Masjid] Official website of [[Pilibhit district]].</ref><ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/251406/Hafiz-Rahmat-Khanarech#tab=active~checked%2Citems~checked&title=%E1%B8%A4%C4%81fiz%20Ra%E1%B8%A5m%C4%81t%20Kh%C4%81n%20--%20Britannica%20Online%20Encyclopedia Philibhit] [[Britannica.com]].</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Hafiz Rahmat}}
[[Category:1708 births]]
[[Category:1774 deaths]]
[[Category:Nawabs of India]]
[[Category:History of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Rohilla]]
[[Category:History of Bareilly]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Pilibhit]]
[[Category:Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Indian people of Pashtun descent]]
[[Category:Barech]]

Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech - Revision history

2409:4053:2218:3EF7:FB8E:88E9:EF71:4EF9 at 16:43, 24 October 2021