TeenaDease50 at 00:36, 7 February 2026

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{{short description|Ethnic group in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2018}}

{{infobox ethnic group|
| group = Hijama
| popplace = India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan
| langs = [[Urdu language|Urdu]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related = [[Saifi]], [[Shaikhs in South Asia|Shaikh]]
| native_name = Salmani and Turkia
| native_name_lang =
}}

'''Hajjam''' are an ethnic group in the [[Indian subcontinent]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Nagendra Kr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EMTXAAAAMAAJ&q=Hajjam+Muslim |title=Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims: Tribes, Castes and Communities |last2=Khan |first2=Abdul Mabud |date=2001 |publisher=Global Vision |isbn=978-81-87746-05-8 |pages=504–8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Kumar Suresh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UTlxqSca3rEC&q=hajjam+muslim |title=People of India: Karnataka |date=1992 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-85938-98-1 |pages=574–7 |language=en}}</ref> known for practicing [[cupping therapy]], also known as''''' Hijama'''''. The word Hijama has been derived from the [[Arabic]] word {{lang|ar|Al Hajm}}, means "sucking", referring to this therapy. A practitioner was called a ''Hijama'' in [[Arabs|Arab countries]], and the name was used in India as well.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Qureshi |first1=Naseem Akhtar |last2=Ali |first2=Gazzaffi Ibrahim |last3=Abushanab |first3=Tamer Shaban |last4=El-Olemy |first4=Ahmed Tawfik |last5=Alqaed |first5=Meshari Saleh |last6=El-Subai |first6=Ibrahim S. |last7=Al-Bedah |first7=Abdullah M.N. |date=May 2017 |title=History of cupping ( Hijama ): a narrative review of literature |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S209549641760339X |journal=Journal of Integrative Medicine |language=en |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=172–181 |doi=10.1016/S2095-4964(17)60339-X |pmid=28494847 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>{{Verify source|date=August 2021}}

They are on the [[Other Backward Class|OBC]] list of Haryana and Himachal Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Backward Classes {{!}} Directorate of Welfare of Scheduled Caste & Backward Classes, Government of Haryana |url=http://haryanascbc.gov.in/reservation-in-haryana/list-of-backward-classes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424045832/http://haryanascbc.gov.in/reservation-in-haryana/list-of-backward-classes |archive-date=2025-04-24 |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=haryanascbc.gov.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=National Commission for Backward Classes: Himachal Pradesh |url=http://ncbc.nic.in/Pdf/HimachalPradesh.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227014116/https://www.ncbc.nic.in/Pdf/himachalpradesh.pdf |archive-date=27 Feb 2012 |access-date=2 February 2015}}</ref>

==The Hajjam in Nepal==
The [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]] of Nepal classifies the Hajjam (called Hajam in the Nepal census) as a subgroup within the broader social group of [[Madheshi people|Madheshi]] Other Caste.<ref>[https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf Population Monograph of Nepal, Volume II]</ref> At the time of the [[2011 Nepal census]], 117,758 people (0.4% of the population of Nepal) were Hajjam. The frequency of Hajjam by province was as follows:
* [[Madhesh Province]] (1.4%)
* [[Lumbini Province]] (0.5%)
* [[Koshi Province]] (0.3%)
* [[Bagmati Province]] (0.1%)
* [[Gandaki Province]] (0.0%)
* [[Karnali Province]] (0.0%)
* [[Sudurpashchim Province]] (0.0%)

The frequency of Hajjam was higher than national average (0.4%) in the following districts:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |title=2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report |access-date=13 April 2023 |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Saptari District|Saptari]] (1.5%)
* [[Dhanusha District|Dhanusha]] (1.4%)
* [[Parsa District|Parsa]] (1.4%)
* [[Rautahat District|Rautahat]] (1.4%)
* [[Siraha District|Siraha]] (1.4%)
* [[Mahottari District|Mahottari]] (1.3%)
* [[Sarlahi District|Sarlahi]] (1.3%)
* [[Bara District|Bara]] (1.2%)
* [[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]] (1.1%)
* [[Banke District|Banke]] (0.9%)
* [[Parasi District|Parasi]] (0.9%)
* [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]] (0.8%)
* [[Morang District|Morang]] (0.6%)
* [[Sunsari District|Sunsari]] (0.5%)

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Muslim communities of India]]
[[Category:Muslim communities of Nepal]]

Hajjam - Revision history

TeenaDease50 at 00:36, 7 February 2026