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{{short description|Municipal council in Hansi district, Haryana, India}}
{{about|the city in India|other places of this name and all other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{use Indian English|date=November 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hansi
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Main gate from front side.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Asigarh Fort|Hansi Fort]]
| nickname =
| image_map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|29.1|N|75.97|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hansi district|Hansi]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Municipal council]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 207
| population_total = 86770
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Haryanvi]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 125033
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 01663
| registration_plate = HR 21
| website = {{URL|haryana.gov.in}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]]
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}

'''Hansi''', is a historically important city and [[municipal council]] in the Hansi district of the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Haryana]]. Earlier Hansi was larger, more prosperous and more important city than Hisar, as evident by several important buildings of archeological importance. Hansi is also known for its famous sweet, [[peda]], which is made from milk.

==History==

Dr. Bhup Singh, historian, has written ''Hansi ka Etias'' (lit. ''History of Hansi''), a book published by [[Rotary International]].

=== Early and classic period===

[[Hansi hoard]], a large hoard of Jaina bronzes was accidentally discovered at Hansi in February 1982. These include idols that may belong to the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta period]] (319 to 605 CE), while most belonged to the 7th–8th centuries. They were apparently buried underground before the impending attack by [[Mahmud of Ghazni]]'s son [[Mas'ud I of Ghazni]] in 1037 CE. Masud attacked swordsmen of Hansi and took women into slavery who were later sold at [[Gazni]].<ref>Jaina Bronzes From Hansi, by Devendra Handa, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 2002</ref>

=== Medieval period===

====10-12th century: Tomara-Chauhan Rajpur period====

It is believed that Hansi was founded by King Anangpal Vihangpal Tomar for his guru "''Hansakar''" (957 AD). Later, the son of King [[Anangpal Tomar]], Drupad established a [[Asi (Mahabharata)|sword manufacturing]] factory in this fort, hence it is also called "[[Asigarh Fort|Asigarh]]". Swords from this fort were exported as far away as to Arab countries. As per ''Talif-e-Tajkara-e-Hansi'' by Qazi Sharif Husain in 1915, around 80 forts across the area were controlled from this centre "Asigarh".<ref>[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/addorimss/t/019addor0004796u00000000.html The fort at Hansi, the Union flag flying from the top]</ref>

A few also say that it was founded by ill daughter ''Hansivati/Ambavati'' of [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] though there exists no proof of Prithiviraj's daughter by that name.

==== 13th-15th century: Sultanate period ====

In 1192, [[Mohammed Ghori]] defeated [[Prithviraj Chauhan|Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] in the [[Second Battle of Tarain]], in the same year [[Battle of Bagar]] took place to occupy Hansi, [[Jatwan]] besieged the Muslim commander Nasrat Uddin at Hansi in 1192 CE, shortly after the defeat of [[Prithviraj Chauhan|Prithviraj]].<ref name="KRQ">{{Cite book |last=Qanungo |first=Kalika Ranjan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9YlrzgEACAAJ |title=History Of The Jats: A Contribution To The History Of Northern India |date=2017 |publisher=Gyan Books |isbn=978-93-5128-513-7 |language=en}}</ref> On receiving this news [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak|Qutb-ud-din]] marched twelve farsakhs, i.e., about 40 miles during one night. [[Jatwan]] raised the siege of Hansi and prepared for an obstinate conflict. "The armies attacked each other" says the author of [[Hasan Nizami|Taj-ul-Maasir]] "like two hills of steel, and the field of battle (on the borders of the Bager country) became tulip-dyed with the blood of warriors. Jatwan had his standards of God-plurality and ensigns of perdition lowered by the hand of power".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Said |first=Hakim Mohammad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6xMNAAAAIAAJ&q=jatwan+malik |title=Road to Pakistan: 712-1858 |date=1990 |publisher=Hamdard Foundation Pakistan |isbn=978-969-412-140-6 |language=en}}</ref> Hindu rule ended in Hansi.

This was the time when non-Muslims were not permitted to settle here. Slowly, Hansi lost its importance and was remembered only as a fort. Delhi started becoming the center of attention.

===16th century onwards: Modern period===

====16th-17th century: Mughal period ====

Hansi is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under Hisar [[sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]], producing a revenue of 5,434,438 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 7000 infantry and 500 cavalry. It had a brick fort at the time.<ref name="Ain-i-Akbari">{{cite book |last1=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |translator-last=Jarrett |translator-first=Henry Sullivan |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |page=295 |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref>

[[Shahjahan]] came to Hansi, met the famous Hindu saint [[Jagganath Puri samadha hansi|Jagannath Puri Samadha Hansi]] and after his approval Hindus were allowed to settle in Hansi. In addition to the Hindus, Hansi had Muslims and a few Jains that inhabited Hansi during this Mughal rule.

Jagannath Puri Samadha has also many devotees because of their belief that Jagannath Puri was not a common human being but a supreme being. There are many famous stories of Jagannath Puri like a walkable wall, sweat lotus, and so on.

==== 18th century: Maratha rule ====
Hansi along with small Punjabi kingdoms of the [[Cis-Sutlej states]] was under influence of [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]], until the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]] of 1803–1805, after which the Marathas lost this territory to the British.<ref>
{{cite book
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxhAtCflwOMC&q=daulatrao+scindia+punjab&pg=PA334 |title=A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid Eighteenth Century, Farooqui Salma Ahmed, Salma Ahmed Farooqui, Google Books |isbn=9788131732021 |accessdate=2012-05-26|last1=Ahmed |first1=Farooqui Salma |year=2011 |publisher=Pearson Education India }}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D_v3Y7hns8QC&q=mahadji+sindhia+punjab&pg=PA13 |title=History of the Marathas - R.S. Chaurasia - Google Books |isbn=9788126903948 |accessdate=2012-05-26
|last1=Chaurasia |first1=R. S. |year=2004 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nyk6oA2nOlgC&q=%22second+anglo+maratha+war%22+sutlej&pg=PA379|title=Aspects of India's International Relations, 1700 to 2000: South Asia and the World|first=Jayanta Kumar|last=Ray|date=6 August 2007|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=9788131708347}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bXWiACEwPR8C&dq=cis+sutlej+states+Ranjit+Singh&pg=PA83|title=An Advanced History of Modern India|last1=Sen|first1=Sailendra Nath|year=2010 |publisher=Macmillan India |isbn=9780230328853 |quote=By Mahadji Shinde's treaty of 1785 with the Sikhs, Maratha influence had been established over the divided Cis-Sutlej states. But at the end of the second Maratha war in 1806 that influence had been pass over to the British.}}</ref>

==== 19-20th century: British colonial rule ====

The area came under British rule after 1803 till 1947. After the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], the [[British Empire]] crushed over 100 people from Rohnat, Mangali, Hazampur, Jamalpur, Bhatla and other villages under a road roller on the road as punishment for participating in the mutiny. That road is now known as '''Lal Sadak''' (literally ''Red Road'' or ''Blood Road'') where a monument, on approach road from Hansi to Rohnat Lal Sadak, to the martyrs has been constructed after the independence.<ref name="tribune12">[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/hisar-admn-never-unfurled-tricolour-at-lal-sadak/119911.html "Hisar admn never unfurled Tricolour at ‘Lal Sadak’."], [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], 14 August 2015.</ref>

[[Guru Gobind Singh]] also came to Hansi in 1705 and [[Aurangzeb#Rebellions|inspired the public to revolt]] against [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] rule. In 1707, [[Baba Banda Singh Bahadur]] attacked Hansi. Hansi was under [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] rule in 1736 and, after [[Third Battle of Panipat]] in 1761, was lost to [[Ahmed Shah Abdali]]. Maharaja [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]] in 1780s also took this area under his control for some years and then left.

[[George Thomas (soldier)|George Thomas]], an Irish mercenary and raider who rose from an ordinary sailor to become a feudal lord (jagirdar), made Hansi as his capital. Hansi was seized by the [[Company rule in India|British East India Company rule]] in 1802. From 1819–32, Hansi was a District HQ which was later shifted to Hisar in 1832.

Hansi was also the headquarters of [[James Skinner (East India Company officer)|Colonel James Skinner]] CB (1778 – 4 December 1841) the Anglo-Indian immigrant and mercenary in India, who became known as Sikandar Sahib. [[Skinner's Horse|1st Skinner's Horse]] and [[3rd Skinner's Horse]] (formerly 2nd Skinner's Horse) were founded by [[Colonel (United Kingdom)|Colonel]] [[James Skinner (East India Company officer)|James Skinner]] at Hansi in 1803. These units are still part of the [[Indian Army]].<ref>[http://www.national-army-museum.ac.uk/exhibitions/shortVisits/iconic/page9.shtml Colonel James Skinner CB] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218033415/http://national-army-museum.ac.uk/exhibitions/shortVisits/iconic/page9.shtml |date=18 December 2010 }} ''[[National Army Museum]]'' ([[British Army]]).</ref> He also built the [[Sheikhpura Kothi]], on Hansi-Ugalan road off [[National Highway 9 (India)|NH9]] Hansi bypass, named after his son.

Raham Ali ibn Mohammad Hussain ibn Maulana Abul Khair of [[Palwal]] was killed along with Aulia Khan Balooch at Pargana Hansi.<ref>{{cite book | author=Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman| author-link=Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman | year = 2008 | title = Ḥayāt-i Karam Ḥusain | chapter = Chapter: Qazi Mohammad Rafi | edition = 2nd | pages = 48–54| publisher=[[Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences]] | language = ur | location = Aligarh, India | oclc = 852404214 | id = 978-89060706 (invalid ISBN)}}</ref> Raham Ali was brother-in-law of [[Qazi Syed Mohammad Rafi]].

After the [[Anglo-Maratha Wars (disambiguation)|Anglo-Maratha Wars]], Hansi came under British rule. Hansi took active part in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 war of liberation]] (Gadar), Lala [[Hukam Chand Jain]] was martyred in 1857 by Britishers.

====1947 onwards: Post-independence====

In 1947 when [[Partition of India|British India was divided]] into Pakistan and India, a large number of Muslims including [[Sayyid|Syeds]] and [[Ranghar]]s migrated to Pakistan from Hansi city and their villages (such as [[Baliali]] and [[Khanak, Haryana|Khanak]]). Pakistani cricket player [[Inzamam-ul-Haq]]'s parents migrated to Pakistan from Hansi after partition.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/inzamam-ul-haq/203599 |accessdate=29 December 2021 |title=Inzamam-ul Haq | website=Outlook | date=28 May 1997 }}</ref>

A proposal to carve out the new Hansi district out of the existing Hisar district had been pending since 2016.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-haryana-mulls-creation-of-three-new-districts-charkhi-hansi-and-gohana-2204388 Haryana mulls creation of three new districts: Charkhi, Hansi and Gohana]</ref> On the 16th of December, 2025, present Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini announced in a public rally that Hansi would become the 23rd district of the Haryana state.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2025 |title=Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini addressing a Public Meeting in Hansi |url=https://www.youtube.com/live/N0JkU8jYTxc?si=6L1zPRdBIb-ekpQc&t=7042 |url-status=live |website=Youtube}}</ref> The official gazette notification "682-ARIC-03-2025/7392"<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 Dec 2025 |title=Creation of new Hansi district |url=https://www.egazetteharyana.gov.in/home.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref> was released on the 19th of December, making Hansi the 23rd district of the Haryana state. The new district would comprise of Hansi-1, Hansi-2 and [[Narnaund]] sub-divisions with a total of 110 villages shared amongst them, including villages such as Lohari-Ragho, Rakhi Khas and the village where the oldest civilatisation markers have been found, [[Rakhigarhi|Rakhigarhi.]]

==Geography==

===Topography===

Hansi is located at {{Coord|29.1|N|75.97|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/10/Hansi.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Hansi]</ref> It has an average elevation of 207metres (679ft) People Density is 348 people per km^2 .Area is 1272.32km^2. It is located at a distance of {{convert|26|km}} east of [[Hisar, Haryana|Hisar]] on [[National Highway 9 (India)|NH-9]]. Geographically, it is semi-arid with around 46cm of annual rainfall.

===Historic sites ===

====Asigarh Fort====

[[Asigarh Fort]], is a prominent and historic feature of this ancient city. Extended in an area of {{convert|30|acre|m2}}, it is square in shape and has security posts in all the four corners.

====Barsi gate====

The historic city of Hansi had five gates of entry – Delhi Gate (East), Hisar Gate (West), Gosain Gate (North-west), [[Barsi Gate]] (South) and Umra Gate (South west). The peculiarity of this town is that its altitude increases after entry from any of the gates. Deserts guard this city towards its west (cities like Tosham, Devsar, Khanak).

During the period of Firoz Shan Tuglaq about 1302, a tunnel was constructed connecting the present Hansi to Hisar. The gate of fort has figures of gods, and pictures of gods, goddesses, birds can also be seen on the walls of the fort. The entry gate of the fort was built by George Thomas. This fort was declared a Protected Monument of National Importance in 1937 by the Archeological Survey, the present ASI, and is still in good condition.

==== 16th century Baba Jagganmathpuri Samadha ====

'''Baba Jaggannathpuri Samadha temple''', a [[Samadhi (shrine)|samadhi]] (revered shrine) dedicated to the 16th century [[Hindu]] [[Sadhu]] (saint), '''Jaggannathpuri''', at the spot where he established an [[ashram]] (monastery) after arriving in Hansi in 1586 CE when there were no Hindus left in Hansi under the Islamic rule. He revived the Hinduism in the area. The complex has the sacred [[banyan]] tree with a big floating [[Aerial root#Prop|aerial prop-root]] branch connected to the grounded main [[taproot]] stem, which gives an illusion as if the aerial prop-root branch is floating in the air by itself. Pilgrims tie the sacred [[Kautuka|red-saffron mauli]] thread around the stem.<ref name=jagh1>[https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/delhi-ncr-haryana/jara-hatke/haryana-floating-tree-in-hansi-samadha-temple-where-baba-jagannathpuri-took-samadhi/2821866 Haryana Floating Tree: हरियाणा में यहां है हवा में लटकता चमत्कारी पेड़, जहां बाबा जगन्नाथपुरी ने ली थी समाधि], Zee News, 30 June 2025.</ref>

==Demographics==

As per [[census of India]] data, Hansi had a population of 75,730 in 2001,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> which rose to 86,770 by 2011, and in 2020 its becomes about 93098. In 2011, [[sex ratio|female sex ratio]] was 883 per 1000 men and female child sex ratio was 830.<ref name="hanpop1">2011, [http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/800407-hansi-haryana.html Hansi Population Census 2011], [[Census of India]].</ref> In 2011, Hansi had an average literacy rate of 81.06% (68% in 2001), higher than the state average of 75.5%, male literacy is 86.59% (73% in 2001), and female literacy is 74.84% (61% in 2001).<ref name=hanpop1/> In Hansi, 11.41% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref name=hanpop1/>

===Religion===
In 2011, 96.77% of residents are [[Hindu]]s, 1.34% [[Jain]], 0.99% [[Sikh]]s, 0.05% [[Buddhist]], 0.66% Muslim, 0.10% Christian and 0.10% unstated.<ref name=hanpop1/>

{{bar box
| title = Religions in Hansi city (2011)
| titlebar = #Fcd116
| left1 = Religion
| right1 = Percent
| align = left
| bars =
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|96.77}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|pink|1.34}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|0.99}}
{{bar percent|Others|black|0.76}}
}}

==== City ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ ''Religion in Hansi City''
|-
! Religion
! Population (1911)<ref name="HansiCity1911">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1911-26575903/|title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 1, Report.|access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref>
! Percentage (1911)
! Population (1941)<ref name="Hansi1941"/>{{rp|30}}
! Percentage (1941)
|-
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 6,907
|{{Percentage | 6907 | 14576 | 2 }}
| 10,166
|{{Percentage | 10166 | 22590 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
| 6,896
|{{Percentage | 6896| 14576 | 2 }}
| 10,752
|{{Percentage | 10752 | 22590 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 14
|{{Percentage | 14 | 14576 | 2 }}
| 80
|{{Percentage | 80 | 22590 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 7
|{{Percentage | 7 | 14576 | 2 }}
| 36
|{{Percentage | 36 | 22590 | 2 }}
|-
| Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
| 752
|{{Percentage | 752 | 14576 | 2 }}
| 1,556
|{{Percentage | 1556 | 22590 | 2 }}
|-
| '''Total Population'''
| '''14,576'''
| '''{{Percentage | 14576 | 14576 | 2 }}'''
| '''22,590'''
| '''{{Percentage | 22590 | 22590 | 2 }}'''
|}

==== Tehsil ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ ''Religion in Hansi Tehsil (1941)''
|-
! Religion
! Population (1941)<ref name="Hansi1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE|access-date=20 July 2022}}</ref>{{rp|58}}
! Percentage (1941)
|-
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
| 175,761
|{{Percentage | 175761 | 224370 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 45,551
|{{Percentage | 45551 | 224370 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 165
|{{Percentage | 165 | 224370 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 56
|{{Percentage | 56 | 224370 | 2 }}
|-
| Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
| 2,837
|{{Percentage | 2837 | 224370 | 2 }}
|-
| '''Total Population'''
| '''224,370'''
| '''{{Percentage | 224370 | 224370 | 2 }}'''
|}

==Education ==

Colleges are:
* [[Nehru Memorial Government College, Hansi]]
* [[S. D. Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Hansi]]
* [[S. D. Higher Secondary School, Hansi]]

==See also==

* [[Asigarh Fort]]
* [[Administrative divisions of Haryana]]
** [[Hisar division]]
** [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]]
** [[Hansi Block of Hisar District|Hansi Block]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{notelist}}
* {{cite book |title=[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India|The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 13]] |chapter=Hansi Town|publisher=Oxford at Clarendon Press |year=1909|page=25 |chapter-url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V13_031.gif|ref=Imp }}
* {{cite news |title=Excavation at Hansi fort begins |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041204/haryana.htm#3 |work=The Tribune |location=India |date=4 December 2004 }}

==External links==
* [http://archaeologyharyana.nic.in/pic3.html Barsi Gate, Umra Gate, Hansi]

{{Hisar, India topics}}{{Municipalities of Haryana}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Hisar district]]
[[Category:Hisar (city)]]

Hansi - Revision history

Subhah Shirin at 20:19, 10 January 2026