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{{Infobox ragam
| name = Hanumatodi
| synonym =
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela =
| chakra =
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|R1|G2|M1|P|D1|N2|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N2|D1|P|M1|G2|R1|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent = [[Phrygian mode]]
| similar =
}}
{{Carnatic}}
'''Hanumatodi''', more popularly known as '''Todi''' (pronounced hanumatōdi and tōdi), is a [[rāga]]m (musical scale) in [[Carnatic music]]. It is the 8th ''[[melakarta]]'' [[rāga]]m (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. This is sung very often in concerts. It is a difficult rāgam to perform in owing to its complexity in ''[[prayoga]]'' (phrases of notes and intonation). It is called '''Janatodi''' in [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school of Carnatic music.<ref name="dikshitar">''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai</ref> Its Western equivalent is the [[Phrygian mode]]. Todi in Carnatic music is different from ''[[Todi (thaat)]]'' of [[Hindustani music]] (North Indian classical music). The equivalent of the Hindustani raga ''Todi'' in Carnatic music is ''[[Shubhapantuvarali]]'' (which is the 45th ''melakarta'').<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref> The equivalent of Carnatic ''Todi'' in Hindustani is ''[[Bhairavi (music)|Bhairavi]] thaat''.<ref name="ragas" />

==Structure and Lakshana==
[[Image:Hanumatodi scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Todi'' scale with ''shadjam'' at C]]

It is the 2nd rāgam in the 2nd ''chakra Netra''. The mnemonic name is ''Netra-Sri''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gi ma pa dha ni''.<ref name="ragas" /> Its ''ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa'' structure is as follows (see [[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]] page for details on below notation and terms):
*[[Arohana|ārohaṇa]] : {{svaraC|S|R1|G2|M1|P|D1|N2|S'|foot=yes}}
*[[Avarohana|avarohaṇa]] : {{svaraC|S'|N2|D1|P|M1|G2|R1|S|foot=yes}}

This scale uses the notes ''shuddha rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham'' and ''kaisiki nishadham''.{{which lang|date=November 2020}} It is a [[sampoorna raga|''sampoorna'' rāgam]] - rāgam having all 7 ''[[swara]]ms''. It is the ''shuddha madhyamam'' equivalent of ''[[Bhavapriya]]'', which is the 44th ''melakarta'' scale. A peculiarity of this raga is that it is sung in all lower notes. It is also classified as a "rakti" raga (a raga of high melodic content).

== ''Janya'' rāgams ==
''Hanumatodi'' has a quite a few ''[[janya]]'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which ''[[Asaveri]]'', ''[[Bhupalam|Janatodi]]'', ''[[Dhanyasi]]'', ''[[Punnagavarali]]'' and ''Shuddha Seemanthini'' are popular. See [[List of Janya Ragas#Hanumatodi|List of ''janya'' rāgams]] for all of ''Todi's janyas''.

==Popular compositions==
Most composers have composed songs in ''Todi''.<ref name="raganidhi" /> [[Thyagaraja]] alone has composed about 32 compositions in this raga with each composition starting at every single note of the three octaves. Thāye Yashoda, composed by [[Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi]], is a very well known composition, in the [[Tamil language]]. This popular ''[[kriti]]'' is sung frequently in concerts. A popular ''[[varnam]]'' in the ''Todi'' rāgam is ''Erā Nāpai'' by [[Patnam Subramania Iyer]], one of the famous composers of Carnatic music.

Other popular compositions are:

* ''Era Na Pai'' an Aadi thala varnam by [[Patnam Subramania Iyer]]
* ''Daani Samajendra'', ''Saridisavasa'' (Varnams) by [[Swathi Thirunal]]
* ''Kādhanu vāriki'', ''Dācu kovalena'', ''Proddupoyenu'', ''Dasarathi Nee Runamu'', ''Aragimpave'', ''Raju Vedale'', ''Endu daginado'', ''Chesinadella'', ''Koluvamaregada'', ''Nee vanti daivamu sadanana'' and ''Gati Neevani'' by [[Thyagaraja]]
* ''Sarasijanabha Murare'', ''Devadevamam Palaya'', ''Japatha Japatha'', ''Devadeva Mam Palayamam'', ''Mandara Dhara'', ''Pankajaksha Tava Sevam'', ''Samodam Kalayami'' by [[Swathi Thirunal]]
* ''Shri Krishnam Bhajamaanasa'', ''Daakshayani'',''Shri Subramanyomam Rakshatu'' and ''Kamalambike'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]]
* ''Raave Himagiri Kumari'', ''Karunanidhi Ilalo'' by Syama Sastri
* ''Enu Dhanyalo Lakumi'' by [[Purandara Dasa]]
* ''Gajananam Ganapathim'' by [[Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar]]
* ''Kārthikeya Gangeya'' and ''Thamatham aen swami'' by [[Papanasam Sivan]]
* ''Paradevathe Nin Pada Bhajanam'' by [[Irayimman Thampi]]
* ''Sundaranga Kantha'', a padam in [[Malayalam]] by [[Swathi Thirunal]]
*'' varnam ''miinakshi niidu'' by [[gnanananda teertha (ogirala veera raghava sarma)]]
*'' kriti ''kamakshi sada'' by [[gnanananda teertha (ogirala veera raghava sarma)]]
* ''Anjaneyam upasmahe'' by Bellary M. Sheshagiri Acharya
* ''Ninne namminanu'' by [[Shyama Shastri]]
* ''Notru Suvargam'' part of the [[Thiruppavai]] by [[Andal]]
* ''Sudha Nidhe Mamava Sadha'' by [[Balamurali Krishna]]

== Film Songs ==
=== Language:[[Tamil language|Tamil]] ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Year
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Ellam Sivan Seyal
|[[Sivakavi]]
|1943
|[[Papanasam Sivan]]
|[[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]]
|-
|Kattradhu Kai Mannalavu
|[[Avvaiyar (film)|Avvaiyar]]
|1953
|[[M. D. Parthasarathy]],
Anandaraman and Mayavaram Venu
|[[K. B. Sundarambal]]
|-
|Ennai Pol Pennallavo
|[[Vanangamudi]]
|1957
|[[G. Ramanathan]]
|[[P. Suseela]]
|-
|Pesuvadhu Killiyaa
|[[Panathottam]]
|1963
| rowspan="3" |[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|rowspan=2|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Aadaludan Paadalai
|[[Kudiyirundha Koyil]]
|1968
|-
|Enge Nimmadhi
|[[Puthiya Paravai]]
|1964
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
|Thodiyil Padugiren
|Raga Bandhangal
|
|[[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]]
|[[T. N. Seshagopalan]]
|-
|Gangai Karai Mannanadi
|[[Varusham Padhinaaru|Varusham 16]]
|1989
|rowspan="2"|[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Nethu Kodutha
|Kathal Saathi
|
|[[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
|-
|Usure Pogudhey
|[[Raavanan]]
|2010
|[[A.R. Rahman]]
|[[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Mohammad Irfan Ali]]
|-
|Megam Karukuthu
|[[Kushi (2000 film)|Kushi]]
|2000
|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
|-
|Thodi Raagam Paadava
|[[Maanagara Kaaval]]
|1991
|[[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Mankatha Theme
|[[Mankatha]]
|2011
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
|}

==Related rāgams==

''Todi's'' notes when shifted using ''[[Graha bhedam]]'', yields 5 other major ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, ''[[Mechakalyani|Kalyani]]'', ''[[Dheerasankarabharanam|Shankarabharanam]]'', ''[[Natabhairavi]]'', ''[[Kharaharapriya]]'' and ''[[Harikambhoji]]''. For further details and an illustration of ''graha bhedam'' of this rāgam refer [[Dheerasankarabharanam#Related rāgams|related rāgams section in Shankarabharanam]] page.

==Notes==
{{notelist|30em}}

==References==

{{reflist|30em}}

{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Melakarta Ragas]]

Hanumatodi - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 00:03, 14 August 2023