>Rodw at 19:52, 3 June 2021

2021-06-03T19:52:52Z

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{{About|the municipality in Madhya Pradesh, India|its namesake district|Harda District}}
{{More citations needed|date=June 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Harda
| native_name_lang =
| nickname =
| other_name = Hurdah
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|22.33|N|77.1|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Harda district|Harda]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = B.J.P./I.N.C.
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank = 11
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 296
| population_total = 68,162
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank = 15
| population_density_10km = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=21 June 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 07577
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 461331
| registration_plate = MP 47
| website = {{URL|www.harda.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Harda''' is a town and a [[municipality]] in [[Harda district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Harda is the administrative headquarters of Harda [[Betul, Madhya Pradesh|Betul]] city is 125 km far from main city.

==History==
===Mughal period===
During the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] period, Harda was a [[mahallah|mahal]] in the [[Handia, Madhya Pradesh|Handia]] [[sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]]. In 1742, [[Maratha confederacy|Marathas]] led by [[Peshwa]] [[Balaji Baji Rao]] captured the area, and displaced the Muslim governor of the Handia sarkar. Subsequently, Harda replaced Handia as the most important town in the area, as the local Maratha ''amil'' (chief) resided at Harda. Harda was a part of the [[Scindia]]'s territories. In 1801, [[Yashwantrao Holkar]] sacked Harda. Later, Harda also faced attacks from the [[Pindari]]s and the [[Korku people|Korku]] tribals.<ref name="2011_census">{{cite book |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2331_PART_B_DCHB_HARDA.pdf |title=District Census Book: Harda |publisher=Directorate of Census Operation, Madhya Pradesh |access-date=21 December 2015 }}</ref>

===British period===
In 1817, during the [[Third Anglo-Maratha War]], Harda became the headquarters of [[John Malcolm]]'s division. Even after the Maratha defeat ini the war, the Scindias retained control of the Harda-Handia tract. The area was ceded to the British in 1844, but the cession was completed only in 1860. The town saw disturbances during the [[1857 uprising]]. The Deputy Magistrate, Maulvi Mazhar-ul-Jamil, helped curb the rebellion, and was rewarded with a [[jagir]] in the [[Damoh district]]. The Harda Nagar Palika was established on 18 May 1867, and the Harda [[tehsil]] was created in 1913.<ref name="2011_census"/>

The British tried to bring a progressive frame work to Harda during its rule. Harda was formed by combining Kul Harda and Mehmudabad Villages. After the railway lines were laid the conditions improved, and the area developed. In 1857 British officers worked here as judges and administrative Officers. Harda was one of the largest places in the old 'Madhya [[Prant]]' and includes area of '[[Seoni Malwa]].' The Harda language and culture is influenced by '[[Malwa]]' and '[[Nimar]]'. The main dialect spoken in Harda is known as Bhuani, and the region is known as the Bhuana area which loosely translates to more fertilized land.

===Indian independence movement ===
{{More citations needed|date=December 2018}}
[[Guru Radha Kishan]] was born in 1925 in Bid village of [[Harda district]]. On 15 August 1947, S.D.O Shri Beretha hosted the Indian flag at the police station of Harda. Eminent personalities from Harda include Narayanrao Raghunathrao Kekre]], the President of the Hindu Mahasabha of Madhya Pradesh.

Freedom struggle at Harda was led by Atmaram Lokre shastri in 1905. After the division of Bengal in 1905 there were political movements in Harda led by Pro. Mahadev Shivram Gole, Pandit Chandragopal Gajadharprasad Mishra (Vakil Saheb), Balwantrao Agnihotri, Bhikaji Vinayak Naik,
Pandit Chandragopal Mishra, Ramdada Naik, Benimadhav Awasthi led the freedom movement.
Later Thakur Guljarsingh, Sitacharan Dixit, Dadabhai Naik, Maheshdatt Mishra (son of Pt. Chandrgopal Mishra) & Champlal Sokal led the freedom struggle and were subsequently sent to jail. Prof. Maheshdatt Mishra spent 4 years in British Jails. He was personal Assistant to Mahatma Gandhi during turmoil years of 1942 "Quit India" Movement.

==Geography==
Harda is located at {{Coord|22.33|N|77.1|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/35/Harda.html |title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Harda |publisher=Fallingrain.com |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 296 metres (971 feet).coor title dm|22|20|N|77|06|E|region:IN_type:city

===Flora and fauna===
In the southern hill regions of Harda we can find the Tribal, 'Gond' and 'Korku' people. The south region of Harda was under 'Makdae' rule and the 'Gond' king was the ruler. The 'Bichhola' village of harda was the developed 'Rajaswa' center in the Mughal empire.
The area which was called 'Gondwana' became non-tribal (it is still tribal because there is a vast tribal population) during the British rule, as the workers, administration officials, farmers and business community was in touch with the states like Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat for a 150 years the area got influenced by the culture of these states.

==Demographics==
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Harda had a total population of 68,162, of which 34,970 were males and 33,192 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 8,205. The total number of literates in Harda was 52,771, which constituted 77.4% of the population with male literacy of 80.9% and female literacy of 73.7%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Harda was 88.0%, with male literacy rate of 92.3% and female literacy rate of 83.5%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 8,758 and 2,390 respectively. Harda had 13493 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Harda |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=546052 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref>

{{As of|2001}} India [[census]], Harda had a population of 61,712. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 49%. Harda has an average literacy rate of 73.6%, male literacy is 79.7%, and female literacy is 66.7%. In Harda, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref>

==Government and politics==
===Civic administration===
On 18 May 1867 British established the 'Nagar Palika' in Harda and from 1920 the work was done as per the republic manner. The under ground drainage in Harda is best example of the British architect. For administration purposes Tahsil Harda was established in the year 1913. Harda was the headquarters of a [[tehsil]] in the [[Hoshangabad district]]. The [[Harda district]] was created in 1998.<ref name="2011_census"/>

===Politics===
Harda has as an assembly seat in the [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] with the same name, that is [[Harda (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Harda]] and the MLA is [[Kamal Patel (politician)|Kamal Patel]] from the BJP.

==Tourist attractions==
* ''[[Handia, Madhya Pradesh|Handia]]'' : It is a famous pilgrimage spot and a sacred place situated around 20 km from Harda. The [[Narmada River]] flows and consists nabhi kund (centre of river Narmada ). There are also many temples dedicated to lord Shiva, out of which the famous temple built by Pandavas is also situated here. According to myths it was built during the Mahabharat era in a single night (6 months).
* ''Teli Ki Sarai'' - About 16 km from Harda in Handia, this structure was created in the 16-17th century by a banker for his customers to rest overnight.<ref>{{cite web |title=Harda Archeology |url=http://archaeology.mp.gov.in/hi-in/Harda |website=Archeology Dept, Govt of MP |access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Gaushala to be constructed near Teli Ki Saria in 2 acres of land for 22 lacs |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/MP-OTH-MAT-latest-harda-news-031505-71547-NOR.html |access-date=8 December 2018 |agency=Dainik Bhaskar |date=17 September 2017 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=101 plants planted for the beautification of Teli Ki Sarai |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/mp/harda/news/MP-OTH-MAT-latest-harda-news-052003-629699-NOR.html |access-date=8 December 2018 |agency=DB |publisher=Dainik Bhaskar |date=25 July 2016 |location=Harda |language=hi}}</ref> Historic records show that this was also used as a military cantonment.

==Education==
* [[St. Mary's School Harda]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Narmadapuram Division}}

[[Category:Harda| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Harda district]]

Harda - Revision history

>Rodw at 19:52, 3 June 2021