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{{short description|king from the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty of northwestern India (r. c. 1193–1194 CE)}}<br />
{{Infobox royalty<br />
| succession = King of Sapadalaksha<br />
| reign = c. 1193-1194 CE<br />
| dynasty = [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari]]<br />
| predecessor = [[Govindaraja IV]]<br />
| father = [[Someshvara (Chahamana dynasty)|Someshvara]]<br />
| mother = Karpuradevi<br />
}}<br />
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'''Hariraja''' (r. c. 1193–1194 CE) was a king from the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty]] of northwestern India. After the [[Ghurid]] invaders defeated his brother [[Prithviraja III]] in 1192 CE, he dethroned his nephew [[Govindaraja IV]], who had been appointed as a vassal ruler by the Ghurids. He ruled a part of his ancestral kingdom (in present-day [[Rajasthan]]) for a brief period, before being defeated by the Ghurids in 1194 CE.<br />
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== Reign ==<br />
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Hariraja was a son of the Chahamana king [[Someshvara (Chahamana dynasty)|Someshvara]] and queen Karpuradevi. He and his elder brother [[Prithviraja III]] were born in [[Gujarat]], where their father Someshvara was brought up at the [[Chaulukya]] court by his maternal relatives.{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=69}} Prithviraja ascended the Chahamana throne after Someshvara's death, but his reign ended in 1192 CE with a [[Ghurid]] conquest of the kingdom. The Ghurids appointed Prithviraja's son [[Govindaraja IV]] as a vassal ruler in return for a heavy tribute.{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=100}}<br />
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Hariraja revolted against the Ghurid rule in the Chahamana capital [[Ajmer]], forcing Govindaraja to take shelter in the [[Ranthambore Fort]]. When the Ghurid governor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] heard about this, he rushed from Delhi to Ranthambore.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|p=215}} Hariraja made a retreat, knowing that he would not be able to defeat the Ghurid army.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|p=215-216}}<br />
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While the Ghurids were busy fighting other Hindu dynasties such as the [[Gahadavala]]s, Hariraja once again invaded Ajmer in 1193 CE. This time, he managed to recapture Ajmer, and became the new Chahamana king, with support from Prithviraja's former general Skanda.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|pp=217-218}} Subsequently, Hariraja sent a force led by Jatira (called Jihtar or Jhitar in Muslim accounts) to capture [[Delhi]]. However, this force had to retreat in fear of a larger Ghurid army. As Jatira's force was returning to Delhi, Hariraja set out from Ajmer with another army in its support. The Ghurids decisively defeated the Chahamana forces in the ensuing battle.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|pp=219-220}}<br />
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According to the 16th century Muslim historian [[Firishta]], Hariraja and Jaitra were killed in this battle. However, the near contemporary 13th century source ''Taj-ul-Maasir'' states that Jaitra "sacrificed himself in the flames of a fire". ''[[Hammira Mahakavya]]'' by the [[Jain]] scholar Nayacandra Suri also states that Hariraja had to fall back to Ajmer, where he determined that any further resistance against the Ghurids was fruitless. As a result, he and his family then committed suicide by self-immolation.{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=101}}{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|pp=219-220}}<br />
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Hariraja's queen was Pratapadevi, as attested by an 1194 CE [[Tantoti]] inscription.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|p=218}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
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=== Bibliography ===<br />
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* {{cite book |author=Dasharatha Sharma |title=Early Chauhān Dynasties |publisher=S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass |year=1959 |isbn=9780842606189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4gcAAAAMAAJ }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=R. B. Singh |title=History of the Chāhamānas |publisher=N. Kishore |year=1964 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKs9AAAAIAAJ |oclc=11038728 }}<br />
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{{Chahamanas of Shakambhari}}<br />
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[[Category:Chahamanas of Shakambhari]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century Indian monarchs]]</div>>Citation bot