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'''Hastin''' (हस्तिन्) is a term for [[elephant]] used in Vedic texts. Other terms for elephant include Ibha (इभ) and Vārana (वारण).<br />
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== The elephant in the Rigveda ==<br />
In Rig Veda 1.84.17 and 4.4.1. and probably other instances the Rig Veda seems to refer to [[elephant]]s (e.g. Bryant 2001: 323), an animal that is native to South Asia. It has been speculated that some of these verses might be references to domesticated elephants.<ref>RV 4.4.1, 9.57.3 (where "the people deck him like a docile king of elephants"), 6.20.8; Talageri, Shrikant (2000)</ref> In RV 1.64.7, 8.33.8 and 10.40.4, "wild" elephants are mentioned.<br />
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=== Mrga Hastin ===<br />
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In the Rigveda and in the Atharvaveda, the term is translated as elephant (according to Keith and Macdonell, Roth and other scholars).<ref>Vedic Index, II, 501; II, 171</ref> In the Rig Veda, ''Mrga Hastin'' (animal with a hand) occurs in RV 1.64.7 and RV 4.16.14.<br />
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=== Ibha ===<br />
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[[Mandala 9|RV 9]].57.3 and [[Mandala 6|RV 6]].20.8 mention ''{{IAST|ibha}}''s, a term meaning "servant, domestics, household" according to Roth, Ludwig, Zimmer and other Indologists.<ref>In RV 4.4.1 and 6.20.8, ibha is translated as servants/attendants by Griffith.</ref> Other scholars like Pischel and [[Karl Friedrich Geldner]] translate the term as elephant.<ref name="Vedic Index, I, 79">Vedic Index, I, 79</ref> According to [[Sayana]],<ref name="Vedic Index, I, 79"/> [[Mahidhara]]<ref name="Vedic Index, I, 79"/> and the [[Nirukta]],<ref name="Vedic Index, I, 79"/> ibha is translated as elephant. [[Megasthenes]]<ref name="Vedic Index, I, 79"/> and [[Nearchos]]<ref name="Vedic Index, I, 79"/> also connect ibha with elephant. The term ibha is only used in the Samhitas, and especially in the Rig Veda.<ref>Vedic Index, I, 79.</ref><ref>RV 1.84.17; 4.4.1; 9.57.3; and perhaps 6.20.8. Vedic Index, I, 79.</ref><br />
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=== Varana ===<br />
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Another term that may mean elephant is "Varana" (RV 8.33.8; RV 10.40.4). According to Macdonell and Keith, "Varana" refers to elephants.<ref>Vedic Index, II, 288</ref><br />
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== The elephant in other Hindu texts ==<br />
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The [[Akananuru]] (27) and the [[Purananuru]] (389) state that elephants were raised and trained in ancient Tamilagam's northern boundary of Venkatam hills [[Tirupati (city)|Tirupati]].<br />
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== Notes==<br />
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== References ==<br />
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*Bryant, Edwin (2001). The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-513777-9}}.<br />
*Macdonell, A.A. and Keith, A.B. 1912. The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects.<br />
*Talageri, Shrikant: The Rigveda: A Historical Analysis. 2000. {{ISBN|81-7742-010-0}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
*[[Cattle in religion|Sacred cow]]<br />
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[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]<br />
[[Category:Elephants in Indian culture]]<br />
[[Category:Elephants in religion]]</div>122.163.136.11