->Daask at 21:23, 30 July 2021

2021-07-30T21:23:23Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2009}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Hemchandra Kanungo
| image = Hemchandra_Kanungo.jpg
| caption = Hemchandra Kanungo
| birth_name = Hemchandra Kanungo Das
| birth_date = {{birth date|1871|06|12}}
| birth_place = Radhanagar, [[Paschim Medinipur|Midnapur District]], [[British India]]<ref>''Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan (Bengali ed.)'', Subodh Chandra Sengupta and Anjali Bose, Sahitya Samsad, Calcutta, 1976, p. 604</ref>(now in [[Belda]], [[Paschim Medinipur]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|1951|4|8|1871|06|12}}
| death_place =
| nationality = Indian
| other_names =
| known_for = Indian Freedom Fighter
|organization = [[Anushilan Samiti]]
}}
{{Anushilan Samiti}}
'''Hemchandra Kanungo Das''' (12 June 1871 – 8 April 1951) was an Indian nationalist and a member of the [[Anushilan Samiti]]. Kanungo travelled to Paris in 1907, where he learnt the technique of assembling [[picric acid]] bombs from exiled Russian revolutionaries. Kanungo's knowledge was disseminated throughout Indian nationalist organisations in the Raj and abroad. In 1908, Kanungo was one of the principal co-accused with [[Sri Aurobindo|Aurobindo Ghosh]] in the [[Alipore Bomb Case]] (1908–09). He was sentenced to transportation for life in the Andamans, but was released in 1921.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aurobindo.ru/images/other/item_00940_e.htm|title=Personalia / Hemchandra Kanungo Das|website=www.aurobindo.ru|access-date=2018-12-06}}</ref>

He was probably the first [[revolution]]ary from India who went abroad to obtain military and political training. He obtained training from the Russian emigre in Paris.<ref>Sarkar, Sumit, Modern India 1885-1947, Macmillan, Madras, 1983, SBN 033390 425 7, pp. 123</ref> He returned to India in January 1908. He opened a secret bomb factory "Anusilonee Somitee" at [[Maniktala]] near [[Kolkata]], founder members of which were Hemchandra Kanungo, Aurobindo Ghosh ([[Sri Aurobindo]]) and his brother, [[Barindra Kumar Ghosh]]. He was one of the creators of the [[Calcutta flag]], based on which the first [[Flag of India#History|flag of independent India]] was raised by [[Bhikaiji Cama]] on 22 August 1907 at the [[International Socialist Congress, Stuttgart 1907|International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart]], Germany.

==Biography==
Hemachandra decided that what was needed was technical know-how, and he went to Europe to get it. He sold his house in Calcutta to arrange money for the trip. Arriving in Marseille toward the end of 1906, he spent a few months trying to get in contact with revolutionaries, or people who knew revolutionaries, in Switzerland, France, and England. Finally, he found a backer to support him while he studied chemistry in Paris. Someone introduced [[Albert Libertad|Joseph Albert]], known as Libertad, to Hemchandra and his friend [[Pandurang Mahadev Bapat|Pandurang Bapat]] in July 1907. With the help of a female anarchist, apparently [[Emma Goldman]], they were admitted to a party headed by a mysterious Russian known as Ph.D. During the latter part of 1907, the two Indians studied history, geography, economics, socialism, communism, and finally, the subjects they had come to learn - explosive chemistry and revolutionary organization.

Hemchandra returned from Europe with a trunk full of up-to-date technical literature, the most important item of which was a seventy-page manual on bomb-making, translated from the Russian. Hemchandra had not intended to join forces with Barindra, but after a talk with Sri Aurobindo, agreed to cooperate.<ref name=":0" />

A suicide squad of two members was sent to kill Kingsford at Muzaffarpur. After bombing at wrong target, Prafulla Chaki committed suicide before the British Indian Police detained him alive but Khudiram Bose didn't do so and the Police arrested him. As a result of this incident, the covert bomb factory established by Hemchandra was raided by the British Police and shut down. Almost all of the members were arrested in a short period of time.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kanungo, Henchandra}}
[[Category:Indian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Revolutionaries of Bengal during British Rule]]
[[Category:1871 births]]
[[Category:1951 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of British India]]

Hemchandra Kanungo - Revision history

->Daask at 21:23, 30 July 2021