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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Hemendra Mohan Bose
| image = Hemendra Mohan Bose.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Pioneering Bengali entrepreneur of Swadeshi movement
| native_name = হেমেন্দ্রমোহন বসু
| native_name_lang = bn
| birth_date = 1864
| birth_place = [[Mymensingh]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British India]]
| death_date = 28 August 1916 (aged 52)
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British India]]
| occupation = Swadeshi entrepreneur
| known_for = * pioneer of [[color photography]] in [[India]]
* First [[India]]n-owned cycle works in [[Calcutta]]
* First [[India]]n-owned automobile distributor in [[Calcutta]]
* Father of Indian Sound Recording
* Creator of the Kuntalin Puroshkar for Bengali literature
| spouse = Mrinalini Bose
| children = Jiten Bose, [[Nitin Bose]], Ganesh Bose, Kartik Bose, Soumendra Mohan Bose, [[Malati Ghosal]]
| nationality = [[British India]]
| parents = Haramohan Basu
| Grandchildren =
}}

'''Hemendra Mohan Bose''' ({{lang-bn|হেমেন্দ্রমোহন বসু}}) (1864 – 28 August 1916) was an Indian [[entrepreneur]], manufacturer of Kuntalin hair oil and Delkhosh brand of perfume.<ref name="sbc">{{cite encyclopedia |editor1-last=Sengupta |editor1-first=Subhodh Chandra |editor2-last=Basu |editor2-first=Anjali |encyclopedia=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan (Bibliographical Dictionary) |script-title=bn:হেমেন্দ্রমোহন বসু |trans-title=Hemendramohan Basu |language=bn |edition=4th |date=January 2002 |publisher=Shishu Sahitya Samsad |volume=Volume 1 |location=Kolkata |isbn=81-85626-65-0 |pages=642|title=Sansad Bangali charitabhidhan }}</ref> He was the first Indian to manufacture [[phonograph|gramophone]]s.<ref name="bp">{{cite book |last=Islam |first=Sirajul |year=2012 |chapter=Bose, Hemendra Mohan |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bose,_Hemendra_Mohan |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Many of his businesses were spurred on from amateur [[amateur|hobbies and interests in scientific advancement]]s.<ref name="hin">{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/08/07/stories/2002080700200400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030309131240/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/08/07/stories/2002080700200400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 March 2003 |title=Centenarian of the musical kind |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=7 August 2002 |access-date=22 July 2018}}</ref> He was the pioneer of [[color photography]] in [[India]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/diary-brings-to-life-forgotten-icons/cid/1288382 |title=Diary brings to life forgotten icons |work=The Telegraph |location=Kolkata |language=en |access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Bose was born in 1866 in [[Mymensingh]], where his father Haramohan Bose used to stay, the ancestral home of the family was in the village of Jaysiddhi, in [[Mymensingh District]]. According to Michael Kinnear, Bose was born in 1864 at his ancestral village.<ref name="kinnear">{{cite book |title=The Gramaphone Company's First Indian recordings, 1899-1908 |last=Kinnear |first=Michael S. |year=1994 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=81-7154-728-1 |pages=42–44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3DjL3WcQ2kEC |access-date=31 August 2011}}</ref> After passing I.A. he took admission in the [[Medical College Kolkata]]. While a student at the college, he suffered an accident where his eyes were scarred in acid. After recovering, he quit his medical career. In 1890, Bose began experimenting with perfume, and started his move into business.<ref name="kin">Kinnear 42</ref>

== Career ==
[[File:Hemendra Mohan Boss's photography dated 30 Ashvin, 1312.jpg|thumb|Hemendra Mohan Bose's photography dated 30 [[Ashvin]], 1312 in the time of [[partition of Bengal (1905)]]]]
In 1894, Bose started his own business in perfume manufacturing, the H-Bose Perfumers at 62 [[Bowbazar Street]] in [[Kolkata]], where he distilled the perfumes. After the initial success, he added hair oil and other toiletries like lavender water, [[Eau de Cologne]], milk of rose etc. to his range of products.<ref name="sbc"/> He also set up a new manufacturing unit at 6 Shib Narayan Das Lane in Kolkata.<ref name="kinnear"/> His products included the famous Kuntalin hair oil and Delkhosh perfume.

By 1900, he had created a [[printing press]] and publishing house titled ''Kuntaline Press'' at 5 Shib Narayan Das Lane in [[Kolkata]] which incidentally was next door to his perfume business. In 1903, he instituted the Kuntalin Puraskar and encouraged young writers to showcase their talent. A short story written by [[Jagadish Chandra Bose]] was the first recipient of the Kuntalin Puraskar. Later Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's first printed publication ''Mandira'' won the Kuntalin Puraskar.<ref name="sbc"/>

Bose was a bicycle enthusiast. He himself could ride the bicycle and taught his friends how to ride it. In 1903, he along with his brother Jatindra Mohon Bose established the first Indian-owned cycle works the H. Bose and Co, - Cycles at 63-1, Harrison Road. The company was also the distributors of the [[Rover (motorcycles)|Rover]] bicycles.<ref name="kinnear"/> It was one of the first among his [[Swadeshi movement|Swadeshi]] ventures.<ref name="bp" /> He also learnt how to drive a motor car. In 1900, he bought a two-seater motor car and used to drive it himself.<ref name="sbc"/> In 1903 he imported from France a Darracq 8HP single cylinder motor car, and another 2 cylinder Darracq in 1905.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/supplementary/patrika/article-on-indian-entrepreneur-hemendra-mohan-bose-1.852798 |script-title=bn:অমলিন সুবাসের রূপকার |work=Ananda Bazar Patrika |access-date=10 February 2019}}</ref> He was the proprietor of the first Indian owned automobile distributor in Calcutta, The Great Eastern Motor Company, and employed a British manager. He also set up a repairing unit, the Great Eastern Motor Works in Park Street.<ref name="sbc"/>

=== Sound recording ===
[[File:Advertisement of H. M. Bose's gramophone record.jpg|thumb|Advertisement of H. M. Bose's gramophone record]]
In 1900, Bose began to make [[sound recordings]] privately,<ref>Vernon 53</ref> after he had acquired an Edison [[phonograph]]. He began recording his friends in a leisurely fashion. Some of the first people recorded by H. Bose included his uncle, [[Jagadish Chandra Bose|Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose]], [[Prafulla Chandra Roy|P. C. Roy]], and his good friend [[Rabindranath Tagore]].<ref name="kin"/> His company became known as "Bose Pathe Recordings" which later became "H. Bose Swadeshi Records". By 1907, the demand for Bose's recordings grew so great that he began producing his own [[Phonograph cylinder|cylinders]] for recording. H. Bose was a well known patron of the Swadeshi movement and many of his records covered this subject.<ref name="bp" />

== Achievements ==
Bose was the pioneer of [[color photography]] in India.<ref name=":0" /> He used [[Autochrome Lumière]] slides for his photographs. He was the founder president of Sporting Union.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* Kinnear, Michael S. ''Gramophone Company's First Indian Recordings''. Popular Prakashan, 1994.
* Vernon, Paul. ''Ethnic and Vernacular Music, 1898-1960: A Resource and Guide to Recordings''. Greenwood Press, 1995.
{{Ray family}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bose, Hemendra Mohan}}
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1916 deaths]]
[[Category:Bengali people]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Kolkata]]
[[Category:People from Mymensingh District]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]

Hemendra Mohan Bose - Revision history

>GreenC bot at 17:35, 20 April 2021