Ajay Kumar at 17:21, 24 August 2023

2023-08-24T17:21:57Z

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{{Short description|Town located at a higher elevation than the nearby plain or valley}}

[[File:Shimla Southern Side of Ridge.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Shimla]], a city founded as a hill station.]]

A '''hill station''' is a town located at a higher [[elevation]] than the nearby plain or valley. The term was used mostly in [[Western imperialism in Asia|colonial Asia]] (particularly in India), but also in Africa (albeit rarely), for towns founded by European colonialists as refuges from the summer heat and, as Dale Kennedy observes about the Indian context, "the hill station ... was seen as an exclusive British preserve: here it was possible to render the Indian into an outsider".<ref name="cdlib1996">Kennedy, Dane. The Magic Mountains: Hill Stations and the British Raj. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1996 1996. | http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft396nb1sf/</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://southasia.ucla.edu/hill-stations-pinnacles-raj/|title = Hill Stations: Pinnacles of the Raj|website=southasia.ucla.edu}}</ref> In India, which has the largest number of hill stations, most are situated at an altitude of approximately {{convert|1,000|to|2,500|metres}}.

== History ==

[[Nandi Hills, India|Nandi Hills]] is a hill station in [[Karnataka, India]] which was developed by the [[Western Ganga dynasty|Ganga Dynasty]] in 11th century.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/travelnews/story/71232/nandi-hills|title=Plans include beautification of the entire hill station to attract tourists|date=26 February 2021|publisher = Outlook India}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Āgama Aura Tripiṭaka, Eka Anuśilana: Language and Literature|page=500|author=Muni Nagraj}}</ref> It was also used by [[Tipu Sultan]] (1751 - 1799) as a summer retreat.<ref>{{cite book | last=Myer | first=H. | title=India 2001: Reference Encyclopedia | publisher=South Asia Publications | series=India 2001: Reference Encyclopedia | issue=v. 1 | year=1995 | isbn=978-0-945921-42-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_BtAAAAMAAJ | page=37}}</ref>

Hill stations in [[British Raj|British India]] were established for a variety of reasons. One of the first reasons in the early 1800s, was for the place to act as a [[sanitorium]] for the ailing family members of British officials.<ref name="Kennedy1996">{{cite book|author=Dane Keith Kennedy|title=The Magic Mountains: Hill Stations and the britishBritishRaj|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UveLzKDlZBEC&pg=PR9|year=1996|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-20188-0|page=24}}</ref> After the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|rebellion of 1857]], the British "sought further distance from what they saw as a [[First cholera pandemic (1817–24)|disease-ridden]] land by [escaping] to the [[Himalayas]] in the north". Other factors included anxieties about the dangers of life in India, among them "fear of degeneration brought on by too long residence in a debilitating land". The hill stations were meant to reproduce the home country, illustrated in [[Edward Bulwer-Lytton|Lord Lytton]]'s statement about [[Ooty|Ootacamund]] in the 1870s as having "such beautiful English rain, such delicious English mud."<ref name="MetcalfMetcalf2002">{{cite book|author1=Barbara D. Metcalf |author2=Thomas R. Metcalf |title=A Concise History of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jGCBNTDv7acC |year=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-63974-3 |page=111 }}</ref> [[Shimla]] was officially made the "summer capital of India" in the 1860s and hill stations "served as vital centres of political and military power, especially after the 1857 revolt."<ref name="kennedyDane">{{cite book |last1=Kennedy |first1=Dane |title=The Magic Mountains: Hill Stations and the British Raj |date=1996 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |url=http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft396nb1sf;brand=ucpress|access-date=19 Aug 2014}}</ref><ref name="Vipin1996">{{cite book | author=Vipin Pubby | title=Shimla Then and Now | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UrZ-ibfhMyMC&pg=PA17 | access-date=16 August 2013 | year=1996 | publisher=Indus Publishing | isbn=978-81-7387-046-0 | pages=17–34}}</ref>

As noted by Indian historian [[Vinay Lal]], hill stations in India also served "as spaces for the colonial structuring of a segregational and ontological divide between Indians and Europeans, and as institutional sites of imperial power."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/08/india-britain-empire-railways-myths-gifts|title='But what about the railways ...?' The myth of Britain's gifts to India|date=March 8, 2017|website=the Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-45506092|title = Racism and stereotypes in colonial India's 'Instagram'|work = BBC News|date = 30 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271900472 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231163937/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271900472_Segregation_and_the_Social_Relations_of_Place_Bombay_1890-1910 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |title=Segregation and the Social Relations of Place, Bombay, 1890–1910}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?dscnt=1&elementId=0&recIdxs=0&frbrVersion=&scp.scps=scope%3A%28BL%29&frbg=&tab=local&displayMode=full&dstmp=1613819543550&srt=rank&ct=display&mode=Basic&dum=true&indx=1&recIds=IAMS040-000155711&renderMode=poppedOut&doc=IAMS040-000155711&vl(freeText0)=proceedings%20of%20the%20third%20meeting%20of%20the%20general%20malaria%20committee%20at%20madras&fn=search&vid=IAMS_VU2&tabs=detailsTab&fromLogin=true|title = Login}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://theconversation.com/indias-initial-coronavirus-response-carried-echoes-of-the-colonial-era-135887|title=India's initial coronavirus response carried echoes of the colonial era|first=Shinjini|last=Das|website=The Conversation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/1/2091/240|title=The Prophylaxis of Malaria|first=British Medical Journal Publishing|last=Group|date=January 26, 1901|journal=Br Med J|volume=1|issue=2091|pages=240–242|via=www.bmj.com|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.2091.240|pmid=20759409|pmc=2400219}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://southasia.ucla.edu/hill-stations-pinnacles-raj/|title = Hill Stations: Pinnacles of the Raj}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XyVuAAAAMAAJ|isbn = 978-0-19-564657-3|title = Climates & Constitutions: Health, Race, Environment and British Imperialism in India, 1600-1850|year = 1999|publisher = Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?dscnt=1&elementId=4&recIdxs=4&frbrVersion=&frbg=&scp.scps=scope%3A%28BL%29&displayMode=full&tab=local&dstmp=1588006706183&srt=rank&ct=display&mode=Basic&dum=true&indx=5&recIds=IAMS041-003421110&fromLogin=true&renderMode=poppedOut&doc=IAMS041-003421110&vl(freeText0)=L%2FE%2F7%2F866%20&vid=IAMS_VU2&fn=search&tabs=detailsTab&fromLogin=true|title=Login}}</ref> [[William Dalrymple (historian)|William Dalrymple]] wrote that "The viceroy was the spider at the heart of Simla's web: From his chambers in Viceregal Lodge, he pulled the strings of an empire that stretched from Rangoon in the east to Aden in the west."<ref>{{cite news|last=Dalrymple |first=William |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1999/09/26/indias-green-and-pleasant-land/5f15d3b6-b6b3-4c24-83e6-56956313d87e/ |title=India's Green and Pleasant Land |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=1999-09-26 |accessdate=2022-06-11}}</ref> Meanwhile Judith T Kenny observed that "the hill station as a landscape type tied to nineteenth-century discourses of imperialism and climate. Both discourses serve as evidence of a belief in racial difference and, thereby, the imperial hill station reflected and reinforced a framework of meaning that influenced European views of the non-western world in general."<ref>Climate, Race, and Imperial Authority: The Symbolic Landscape of the British Hill Station in India | Judith T. Kenny | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1995.tb01821.x</ref> The historian of Himalayan cultures [[Shekhar Pathak]] speaking about the development of Hill Stations like [[Mussoorie]] noted that “the needs of this (European) elite created colonies in Dehradun of Indians to cater to them."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/1012794/|title = How not to develop a hill station}}</ref> This "exclusive, clean, and secure social space – known as an enclave – for white Europeans ... evolved to become the seats of government and foci of elite social activity", and created racial distinctions which perpetuated British colonial power and oppression as Nandini Bhattacharya notes.<ref>Contagion and Enclaves: Tropical Medicine in Colonial India | Nandini Bhattacharya | https://liverpool.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.5949/UPO9781846317835/upso-9781846318290-chapter-2</ref><ref>Bhattacharya N. (2013). Leisure, economy and colonial urbanism: Darjeeling, 1835-1930. Urban history, 40(3), 442–461. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963926813000394</ref> Dale Kennedy observed that "the hill station, then, was seen as an exclusive British preserve: here it was possible to render the Indian into an outsider".<ref name="cdlib1996"/>

Kennedy, following Monika Bührlein, identifies three stages in the evolution of hill stations in India: high refuge, high refuge to hill station, and hill station to [[town]]. The first settlements started in the 1820s, primarily as sanitoria. In the 1840s and 1850s, there was a wave of new hill stations, with the main impetus being "places to rest and recuperate from the arduous life on the plains". In the second half of the 19th century, there was a period of consolidation with few new hill stations. In the final phase, "hill stations reached their zenith in the late nineteenth century. The political importance of the official stations was underscored by the inauguration of large and costly public-building projects."<ref name="kennedyDane" />{{rp|14}}

== List of hill stations ==
{{Expand list|date=February 2011}}
Most hill stations, listed by region:

=== Africa ===

==== Madagascar ====
[[File:Antsirabe - rue principale02.JPG|thumb|[[Antsirabe]], Madagascar]]
* [[Antsirabe]]

==== Morocco ====
[[File:Ifrane.jpg|thumb|[[Ifrane]], Morocco.]]
* [[Ifrane]]

==== Nigeria ====
* [[Jos]]

==== Uganda ====
* [[Fort Portal]]

=== Americas ===

{{clarify|reason=Based on the lead ("the term was used mostly in colonial Asia ..., but also in Africa ..., for towns founded by European colonialists as refuges from the summer heat"), it's doubtful the locations in the Americas can be listed as hill stations, unless [[WP:OR]] is involved.|date=August 2022}}{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}
==== Brazil ====
* [[Petropolis]]
* [[Campos do Jordão]]

==== Costa Rica ====
* [[Monteverde]]

==== United States ====
* [[Beech Mountain]]
* [[Sky Valley, Georgia]]
* [[Big Bear Lake, California]]
* [[Cloudcroft, New Mexico]]
* [[Summerhaven, Arizona]]

=== Asia ===

==== Bangladesh ====
[[File:SajekSight 08.jpg|thumb|227x227px|[[Sajek Valley]], [[Rangamati Hill District]], [[Bangladesh]], the most popular hill station and summer destination in Bangladesh.]]
* [[Sajek Valley]]
*[[Bandarban]]
* [[Jaflong]]
* [[Khagrachari]]
* [[Moulvibazar]]
* [[Rangamati]]
* [[Sreemangal]]

==== Cambodia ====
[[File:Mairie du Bokor.jpg|thumb|right|Former residence of King [[Sisowath Monivong]] at [[Phnom Bokor]]]]
* [[Bokor Hill Station]]

==== China ====
* [[Kuling, Jiujiang|Kuling]] (Guling) in Jiangxi Province
* [[Mount Mogan]]
* [[Mount Jigong]]
* [[:zh:鼓岭|Guling, Fujian Province]]
* [[Beidaihe]]

==== Cyprus ====
[[File:Platres.jpg|thumb|[[Platres]], Cyprus]]
* [[Platres]]

==== Hong Kong ====
* [[Victoria Peak]]
* [[Sunset Peak (Hong Kong)|Sunset Peak]]

==== India ====
{{For|a complete list|List of Indian hill stations|Category:Hill stations in India}}
Hundreds of hill stations are located in India. [[Nandi Hills, India|Nandi Hills]] is a hill station in [[Karnataka, India]] which was developed by [[Western Ganga dynasty|Ganga Dynasty]] in 11th century.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/travelnews/story/71232/nandi-hills|title=Plans include beautification of the entire hill station to attract tourists|date=26 February 2021|publisher = Outlook India}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Āgama Aura Tripiṭaka, Eka Anuśilana: Language and Literature|page=500|author=Muni Nagraj}}</ref> It was also used by [[Tipu Sultan]] (1751 - 1799) as a summer retreat.<ref>{{cite book|title=India 2001: Reference Encyclopedia - Volume 1|year=1995|page=37}}</ref> The most popular hill stations in India include:
[[File:St. Joseph's College, Nainital from Tiffin Top (Dorothy's Seat).jpg|thumb|[[Nainital]], [[Uttarakhand]], India]]
[[File:Teagardensvalley.jpg|thumb|Tea plantations in [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]], India]]
[[File:Hill View (Munnar - Kerala).jpg|thumb|Hill View ([[Munnar]] - Kerala)]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Achabal]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Amarkantak]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
* [[Ambanad Hills]], [[Kerala]]
* [[Amboli, Sindhudurg|Amboli]], [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Almora]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Araku Valley]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]
* [[Aritar]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Aru, Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Askot]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Auli, India|Auli]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Baba Budan giri]], [[Karnataka]]
* [[Badrinath]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Baltal, Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Barog]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Berinag]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Bhaderwah]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Bhowali]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Chail, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Chakrata]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Champhai]], [[Mizoram]]
* [[Chaukori]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Cherrapunjee]], [[Meghalaya]]
* [[Chikhaldara]], [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Chitkul]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Coonoor]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Daksum]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Dalhousie, India|Dalhousie]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Daringbadi]], [[Odisha]]
* [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Dawki]], [[Meghalaya]]
* [[Diskit]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Doodhpathri]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Dhanaulti]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Dharamkot, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Dharchula]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Dras]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Dzuluk]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Dzüko Valley]], [[Nagaland]] and [[Manipur]]
* [[Gairsain]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Gangtok]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Ghum, West Bengal]]
* [[Gulmarg]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Gyalshing|Geyzing]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Haflong]], [[Assam]]
* [[Hemkund|Hemkund Sahib]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Hmuifang]], [[Mizoram]]
* [[Kalpa, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Jogindernagar]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Jogimatti]], [[Karnataka]]
* [[Jyotirmath|Joshimath]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Kalimpong]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Katra, Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Kangra, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Kargil]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Karzok]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Kedarnath]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Kyelang|Keylong]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Khajjiar]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Kodaikanal]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Kolli Hills]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Kotagiri]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Kohima]], [[Nagaland]]
* [[Kokernag]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Khandala]], [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Kufri, India|Kufri]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Kullu]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Kurseong]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Lachen, Sikkim|Lachen]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Lachung]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Lansdowne, India|Lansdowne]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Lava, West Bengal]]
* [[Leh]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Lonavala]], [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Loleygaon|Lolegaon]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Lunglei]], [[Mizoram]]
* [[Mahabaleshwar]], [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Mainpat]], [[Chhattisgarh]]
* [[Matheran]], [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Manali, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Mawsynram]], [[Meghalaya]]
* [[McLeod Ganj]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Meghamalai]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Mirik]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Mount Abu]], [[Rajasthan]]
* [[Murgo]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Munnar]], [[Kerala]]
* [[Munsiari|Munsiyari]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Mussoorie]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Nainital]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Narkanda]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[New Tehri]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Ooty|Ooty (Udhagamandalam)]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Pachmarhi]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
* [[Palampur, Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Pahalgam]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Patnitop]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Pauri]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Pelling]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Pfütsero]], [[Nagaland]]
* [[Pithoragarh]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Ramgarh, Uttarakhand]]
* [[Ranikhet]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Reckong Peo]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Reiek]], [[Mizoram]]
* [[Rishyap]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Samsing]], [[West Bengal]]
* [[Saputara]], [[Gujarat]]
* [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]]
* [[Shimla]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Sonamarg]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Soordelu Hill Station]], [[Kerala]]
* [[Tawang]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
* [[Thekkady]], [[Kerala]]
* [[Triund]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
* [[Tosa Maidan]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Topslip]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Turtuk]], [[Ladakh]]
* [[Uttarkashi]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Valparai]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Vagamon]], [[Kerala]]
* [[Verinag]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Wilson Hills, Gujarat]]
* [[Yercaud]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Yelagiri]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
* [[Yusmarg]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Yuksom]], [[Sikkim]]
* [[Yumthang Valley of Flowers|Yumthang]], [[Sikkim]]
{{div col end}}

==== Indonesia ====
[[File:Puncak West Java.jpg|thumb|[[Puncak]], West Java, Indonesia]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Garut]] in, [[West Java]]
* [[Sukabumi]] in [[West Java]]
* [[Puncak]] in [[West Java]]
* [[Batu (city)|Batu]] in [[East Java]]
* [[Tretes]] in [[East Java]]
* [[Kaliurang]] in [[Central Java]]
* Munduk in [[Bali]]
* [[Bedugul]] in [[Bali]]
* [[Berastagi]] in [[North Sumatra]]
* Lembang in [[West Java]]
* Baturaden in [[Central Java]]
* [[Wonosobo]] in [[Central Java]]
* Tawangmangu in [[Central Java]]
* Bandungan, Semarang in [[Central Java]]
* [[Bukittinggi]] in [[West Sumatra]]
* [[Padang Panjang]] in [[West Sumatra]]
* [[Sawahlunto]] in [[West Sumatra]]
* [[Solok]] in [[West Sumatra]]
* [[Payakumbuh]] in [[West Sumatra]]
* [[Takengon]] in [[Aceh]]
* [[Tomohon]] in [[North Sulawesi]]
* [[Tana Toraja]] in [[South Sulawesi]]
* [[Malino, Indonesia|Malino]] in [[South Sulawesi]]
* [[Salatiga]] in [[Central Java]]{{div col end}}

==== Iraq ====
[[File:Amedy.jpg|thumb|[[Amadiya]] in northern [[Iraq]].]]
* [[Shaqlawa]]
* [[Amadiya|Amedi]]
* [[Rawanduz]]
* [[Sulaymaniyah]]
* [[Batifa]]

==== Israel ====
* [[Metula]]
* [[Safed]]

==== Japan ====
[[File:Street in Karuizawa.jpg|thumb|[[Karuizawa]] in [[Nagano Prefecture|Nagano]], Japan]]
* [[Hakone]]<ref name = "JAPANHILLSTATION">{{cite book
|last1=Walters
|first1=Trudie
|last2=Duncan
|first2=Tara
|date=2 Oct 2017
|title=Second Homes and Leisure: New perspectives on a forgotten relationship
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3RA4DwAAQBAJ&q=hill+stations+in+japan&pg=PT74
|location=[[Abingdon-on-Thames]]
|publisher=[[Routledge]]
|page= 
|isbn=9781317400264
}}</ref>
* [[Karuizawa]]<ref name = "JAPANHILLSTATION" />
* [[Nikkō]]<ref name = "JAPANHILLSTATION" />
* [[Lake Chūzenji]]<ref name = "JAPANHILLSTATION" />

==== Jordan ====
*A few suburbs in [[Amman]]

==== Malaysia ====
{{Main|List of hill stations in Malaysia}}
[[File:Tea plantations 3, Pahang, Malaysia.jpg|thumb|[[Cameron Highlands]], Malaysia.]]

==== Myanmar ====
{{See also|Category:Hill stations in Myanmar}}
* [[Kalaw]]
* [[Pyin Oo Lwin]]
* [[Taunggyi]]
* [[Thandaung]]

==== Nepal ====
[[File:Namche Bazaar from above, Nepal.jpg|thumb|Village of [[Namche Bazaar]] in [[Nepal]]]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Pokhara]]
* [[Namche Bazaar]]
* [[Bandipur]]
* [[Dhulikhel]]
* [[Tansen, Nepal|Tansen]]
* [[Nagarkot]]
* [[Kakani]]
* [[Prithbinarayan|Gorkha Bazaar]]
* [[Daman, Nepal|Daman]]
* [[Dharan, Nepal|Dharan]]
* [[Dhankuta]]
* [[Ilam, Nepal|Illam]]
* [[Sarangkot]]
* [[Baglung]]
* [[Resunga]]
* [[Kunde, Nepal|Kunde]]
* [[Khumjung]]
* [[Lukla]]
* [[Tengboche]]
* [[Phortse]]
* [[Bhimeshwar]]
* [[Besisahar]]
* [[Sandhikharka]]
* [[Tamghas]]
* [[Jomsom]]
* [[Phidim]]
* [[Phungling]]
* [[Fikal]]
* [[Bhedetar]]
* [[Dunai, Nepal]]
{{div col end}}

==== Pakistan ====
[[File:Sunset in hills - Holy Trinity Church, Murree.jpg|thumb|[[Murree]], a popular hill station in Pakistan]]
{{Main|List of hill stations in Pakistan}}
{{col-float}}
''Khyber Pakhtunkhwa'' 
* [[Abbottabad]]
* [[Behrain]]
* [[Kalam Valley]]
* [[Malam Jabba]]
* [[Nathia Gali]]
* [[Shogran]]
* [[Chitral]]
* [[Jahaz Banda]]
* [[Naran (town)|Naran]]
* [[Kaghan (town)|Kaghan]]

''Punjab''
* [[Bhurban]]
* [[Charra Pani]]
* [[Murree]]
* [[Patriata]]
{{col-float-break}}
''Sindh''
* [[Gorakh Hill]]
* [[Bado Hill Station]]

''Balochistan''
* [[Ziarat]]

''Gilgit Baltistan''
* [[Hunza Valley]]
* [[Skardu]]
* [[Astore Valley]]
* [[Gilgit]]
* [[Nagar Valley]]
{{col-float-end}}

==== Philippines ====
[[File:Baguio panorama.jpg|thumb|[[Baguio]], Philippines]]
* [[Baguio]]
* [[Salvador Benedicto, Negros Occidental|Salvador Benedicto]]
* [[Mambukal]]
* [[Tagaytay]]
* [[Sagada]]
* [[Malaybalay]]

==== Sri Lanka ====
{{See also|Category:Hill stations in Sri Lanka}}
[[File:Sri Lanka Teeplantage.jpg|thumb|[[Nuwara Eliya]], Sri Lanka]]
* [[Nuwara Eliya]]

==== Syria ====
[[File:Bloudan_Jerjanieh.jpg|thumb|[[Bloudan]], Syria]]
* [[Bloudan]]
* [[Masyaf]]
* [[Qadmous]]
* [[Zabadani]]
* [[Madaya, Syria|Madaya]]

==== Vietnam ====
[[File:Xuan Huong Lake 11.jpg|thumb|[[Da Lat]], Vietnam]]
* [[Da Lat]]
* [[Sa Pa (town)|Sa Pa]]
* [[Tam Đảo National Park|Tam Đảo]]
* [[Bà Nà Hills]]
* [[Bạch Mã National Park]]

=== Oceania ===
==== Australia ====
[[File:Mount_Macedon.jpg|thumb|[[Mount Macedon]], Victoria]]
[[File:Bardon_sunrise.jpg|thumb|[[Bardon, Queensland]] ]]

=====Victoria=====
* [[Mount Macedon]]
* [[Harrietville, Victoria|Harrietville]]

=====South Australia=====
* [[Mount Gambier]]
* [[Adelaide Hills]]

=====Queensland=====
* [[Toowoomba]]
* [[Merewether]]
* [[The Gap, Queensland|The Gap]]
* [[Chapel Hill, Queensland|Chapel Hill]]
* [[Bardon, Queensland|Bardon]]
* [[Ferny Grove, Queensland|Ferny Grove]]
* [[Buderim]]
* [[New Auckland]]
* [[Mount Archer, Queensland (Rockhampton Region)|Mount Archer]]

=====Western Australia=====
* [[Lesmurdie, Western Australia|Lesmurdie]]
* [[Kalamunda]]
* [[Jarrahdale]]
* [[Bedfordale, Western Australia|Bedfordale]]

=====New South Wales=====
* [[Blue Mountains (New South Wales)|Blue Mountains]]
* [[Mount Pleasant, New South Wales|Mount Pleasant]]
* [[Woonona, New South Wales|Woonoona]]
* [[Kariong]]
* [[Illawarra escarpment]] ([[Stanwell Tops]])
* [[Prospect Hill (New South Wales)|Prospect Hill]] ([[Pemulwuy, New South Wales|Pemulwuy]])
* [[Terrey Hills]]
* [[Berowra Heights]]

== See also ==
* [[Tierra templada]]
* [[Tierra fría]]
* [[Plateau]]
* [[Table (landform)|Tableland]]
* [[Mesa]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
{{External media | width = 210px | align = right | headerimage= | video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?109118-1/great-hill-stations-asia ''Booknotes'' interview with Barbara Crossette on ''The Great Hill Stations of Asia'', August 23, 1998], [[C-SPAN]]}}
* Crossette, Barbara. ''The Great Hill Stations of Asia''. {{ISBN|0-465-01488-7}}.
* Kennedy, Dane. [http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft396nb1sf/ ''The Magic Mountains: Hill Stations and the British Raj'' (Full text, searchable)]. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. {{ISBN|0-520-20188-4}}, {{ISBN|978-0520201880}}.

== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline |Hill stations}}
*{{Wiktionary-inline}}
*[https://www.stunningnepal.com/top-10-popular-hill-stations-in-nepal/ Hill Stations in Nepal]
{{List of hill stations|state=autocollapse}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Hill stations|*]]
[[Category:Hill and mountain resorts]]
[[Category:Types of towns]]
[[Category:History of European colonialism]]

Hill station - Revision history

Ajay Kumar at 17:21, 24 August 2023