>AnomieBOT at 18:01, 7 September 2021

2021-09-07T18:01:35Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Hindon River
| name_native =
| name_native_lang =
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| image = River Hindon - Aerial View - Ghaziabad 2016-08-04 5764.JPG
| image_size =
| image_caption = Aerial view of river Hindon, Ghaziabad
| map =
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| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]]
| subdivision_type2 =
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| subdivision_type3 = Region
| subdivision_name3 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type4 =
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| length = {{convert|400|km|mi|abbr=on}}
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| source1 = Rajaji Range, [[Sivalik Hills]]
| source1_location = [[Saharanpur district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|35|05|N|77|08|E|display=inline}}
| source1_elevation =
| mouth = [[Yamuna]] river (at Sector-150, [[Noida]])
| mouth_location = [[India]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|28|04|N|77|04|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation =
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| basin_size = {{convert|7083|km2|abbr=on}}
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'''Hindon River''', a tributary of [[Yamuna river]], is a river in [[India]] that originates in the [[Saharanpur district]], from the [[Sivalik Hills|Upper Sivaliks]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. The river is entirely rainfed and has an approximate [[drainage basin|catchment area]] of {{convert|7083|km2|mi2}}.

It flows between Ganges and Yamuna rivers for {{convert|400|km|mi}} through [[Muzaffarnagar district]], [[Meerut district]], [[Baghpat district]], [[Ghaziabad district, India|Ghaziabad district]] and [[Gautam Buddh Nagar district]] before it joins Yamuna river at Sector-150, [[Noida]].<ref name=hy>{{cite book |title=Hydrology and water resources of India- Volume 57 of Water science and technology library - Tributaries of Yamuna river|last=Jain |first=Sharad K.|author2=Pushpendra K. Agarwal |author3=Vijay P. Singh |year=2007|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-5179-1|page=350 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=RA1-PA345 }}</ref> The [[Hindon Air Force Base]] of the [[Indian Air Force]] also lies on its bank in the [[Ghaziabad district, India|Ghaziabad district]] on the outskirts of Delhi.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/hindan.htm Hindon Air Base] GlobalSecurity.org</ref>

==Tributary==
[[Kali River (Uttar Pradesh)|Kali river]], which originates in the Rajaji Range of [[Sivalik Hills]] and travels about {{convert|150|km|mi}} passing through [[Saharanpur]], [[Muzaffarnagar]], [[Meerut]] and [[Bagpat district]]s, merges with Hindon River, before it merges with the [[Yamuna River]]. The Kali river is also highly polluted and adds to the pollution of the Hindon, as it passes through a populated and industrial belt of [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref name=hy/>

==Mythology==
Near [[Sardhana]] lies the ancient Mahadev Temple that is believed to be dating from the [[Mahabharata]] period, and where the [[Pandavas]] prayed before leaving for the [[Lakshagraha|Lakshagrih]], the notorious palace made of [[lac]] by [[Duryodhana]], at the confluence of the Hindon (previously known as Harnandi) and Krishna rivers (Kali River, ''Kali Nadi'') at ''Varnavrat'', the present [[Barnava]], and where the prince resided with their mother [[Kunti]].<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Features/ET_Travel/Epic_Proportion_Sardhana/rssarticleshow/2841161.cms Epic Proportion: Sardhana - There’s more to Sardhana than the church..] [[The Economic Times]], 6 March 2008.</ref>

==History==
An [[Indus Valley Civilization]] (fl. 3300–1300 BCE) site, [[Alamgirpur]] is located along the Hindon River, {{convert|28|km|mi}} from [[Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Archaeology, A Review (1958-1959)|chapter=Excavations at Alamgirpur|location=Delhi|publisher=Archaeol. Surv. India|pages=51–52|editor=A. Ghosh}}</ref>

During 1857-58, Ghaziabad city was a scene of fighting during the [[Indian Mutiny]], when Indian soldiers in the Bengal Army that were under the [[British East India Company]] mutinied but soon turned into a widespread uprising against [[British rule in India]]. The Hindon River, in particular, was the site of several skirmishes between Indian troops and British soldiers in 1857 including the [[Battle of Badli-ki-Serai]] and today, the graves of the British soldiers and officers can still be seen. Ghaziabad’s place in Northern Indian history is assured by the birth of many freedom fighters who played a role in various revolutions all dedicated to the attainment of freedom for all who have lived – and are still living – there.

==Hindon Vahini==
The industries of western Uttar Pradesh discharge their effluents, often with no treatment, directly into the Hindon
River.{{cn|date=September 2021}} This heavy loading characterizes the presence of toxic contaminants and for the biological diversity of river ecology. Dissolved oxygen levels are zero throughout the length of this river.

But now many NGOs have come forward to rejuvenate this river. Abhiyans like Hindon Kali and Krishna Bachao Abhiyan are held by locals. NGOs with RWA are working to aware local and trying to remove solid non-biodegradable wastes like plastic from the river. Now, farming is reducing chemical fertilizes and pesticides near the flood plains.[http://hindi.indiawaterportal.org/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.medindia.net/news/view_news_main.asp?x=17675 Article on pollution level in Hindon River]
* [http://www.wikimapia.org/5239144/ Hindon river joining Yamuna river] [[wikimapia]]

{{Hydrography of Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Rivers of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Yamuna River]]
[[Category:Rivers of Delhi]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

Hindon River - Revision history

>AnomieBOT at 18:01, 7 September 2021