https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=HinglishHinglish - Revision history2026-07-31T04:36:51ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Hinglish&diff=466529&oldid=prevBrianSop at 20:56, 19 March 20262026-03-19T20:56:26Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Mixing of Hindi and English spoken in India}}<br />
{{Distinguish|Devanagari transliteration|Indian English}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2020}}<br />
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'''Hinglish''' is the [[Macaronic language|macaronic]] hybrid use of [[colloquial Hindi]] and [[Indian English|English]].<ref name="CSM">{{Cite news |date=2004-11-23 |title=A Hindi-English jumble, spoken by 350 million |work=Christian Science Monitor |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/2004/1123/p01s03-wosc.html |first=Scott|last= Baldauf|access-date=2022-09-24 |issn=0882-7729}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |title=Hindi, Hinglish: Head to Head |url=https://read.dukeupress.edu/world-policy-journal/article-abstract/29/2/97/78965/Hindi-Hinglish-Head-to-Head |access-date=2023-10-29 |journal=World Policy Journal|date=2012 |doi=10.1177/0740277512451519 |last1=Vajpeyi |first1=Ananya |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=97–103 |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name=":3">Salwathura, A. N. "[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anusha-Salwathura/publication/346595689_EVOLUTIONARY_DEVELOPMENT_OF_'HINGLISH'_LANGUAGE_WITHIN_THE_INDIAN_SUB-CONTINENT/links/5fc8df9aa6fdcc697bd861a3/EVOLUTIONARY-DEVELOPMENT-OF-HINGLISH-LANGUAGE-WITHIN-THE-INDIAN-SUB-CONTINENT.pdf Evolutionary development of ‘hinglish’language within the indian sub-continent.]" ''International Journal of Research-GRANTHAALAYAH''. Vol. 8. No. 11. Granthaalayah Publications and Printers, 2020. 41-48.</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Vanita |first=Ruth |date=2009-04-01 |title=Eloquent Parrots; Mixed Language and the Examples of Hinglish and Rekhti |url=https://scholarworks.umt.edu/libstudies_pubs/2 |journal=International Institute for Asian Studies Newsletter |issue=50 |pages=16–17}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=Rajendra |date=1985-01-01 |title=Modern Hindustani and Formal and Social Aspects of Language Contact |url=https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/itl.70.02sin |journal=ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics |language=en |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=33–60 |doi=10.1075/itl.70.02sin |issn=0019-0829|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Its name is a [[portmanteau]] of the words ''Hindi'' and ''[[English language|English]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Daniyal |first=Shoaib |title=The rise of Hinglish: How the media created a new lingua franca for India's elites |url=https://scroll.in/article/840341/the-rise-of-hinglish-how-the-media-created-a-new-lingua-franca-for-indias-elites |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=Scroll.in |date=18 June 2017 |language=en-US}}</ref> In [[spoken language|spoken]] contexts, it typically involves [[code-switching]] or [[translanguaging]] between these languages whereby they are freely interchanged within a sentence or between sentences.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite news |date=2006-11-08 |title=It's Hinglish, innit? |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/6122072.stm |first=Sean|last=Coughlan|access-date=2022-09-24|work=BBC News Magazine}}</ref><br />
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In [[written language|written]] contexts, Hinglish colloquially refers to '''Romanised Hindi'''—Hindustani written in [[Roman script]] (i.e., [[English alphabet]]), instead of the traditional scripts such as [[Devanagari]] or [[Nastaliq]]—often with English [[Lexicon|lexical]] borrowings.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com:443/himachal-pradesh/mandi-hinglish-is-taking-place-in-hindi-and-english-18693872.html|title=Mandi Hinglish is taking place in Hindi and English|access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="Palakodety">{{Citation |last1=Palakodety |first1=Shriphani |title=Low Resource Machine Translation |date=2021 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5625-5_5 |work=Low Resource Social Media Text Mining |pages=7–9 |place=Singapore |publisher=Springer Singapore |isbn=978-981-16-5624-8 |access-date=2022-09-24 |last2=KhudaBukhsh |first2=Ashiqur R. |last3=Jayachandran |first3=Guha|series=SpringerBriefs in Computer Science |doi=10.1007/978-981-16-5625-5_5 |s2cid=244313560 |url-access=subscription }}</ref><br />
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The word ''Hinglish'' was first recorded in 1967.<ref name="Lambert, James 2018">Lambert, James. 2018. A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity. ''English World-wide'', 39(1): 25. {{doi| 10.1075/eww.38.3.04lam}}</ref> Other colloquial portmanteau words for Hindustani-influenced English include: ''Hindish'' (recorded from 1972), ''Hindlish'' (1985), ''Henglish'' (1993) and ''Hinlish'' (2013).<ref name="Lambert, James 2018"/><br />
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In present-day, Hinglish has become the de facto style of Hindustani spoken in urban areas of northern India as well as contemporary [[Bollywood]], to the extent that even nouns and verbs that have native colloquial equivalents are often replaced with English words.<br />
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In modern-day India, since English is perceived as the [[Prestige (sociolinguistics)|prestige language]] over Indian languages by common people, Hinglish subsequently is perceived as the [[Covert prestige|high prestige variety]] (H) of spoken Hindi, while [[vernacular]] Hindustani (without English influence) is perceived low variety (L) of spoken Hindi.<br />
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== Outside India ==<br />
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=== Pakistan ===<br />
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When [[Hindi]]–[[Urdu]] is viewed as a single spoken language ([[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]), the portmanteaus Hinglish and [[Urdish]] may mean the same [[Code-mixing|code-mixed tongue]], though the latter term is commonly used in Pakistan to precisely refer to a mixture of English with the Urdu [[sociolect]].<ref name="Coleman2014">{{cite book |last1=Coleman |first1=Julie |title=Global English Slang: Methodologies and Perspectives |date=10 January 2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-93476-9 |page=130 |language=en |quote=Within India, however, other regional forms exist, all denoting a mixing of English with indigenous languages. ''Bonglish'' (derived from the slang term ''Bong'' 'a Bengali') or ''Benglish'' refers to 'a mixture of Bengali and English', ''Gunglish'' or ''Gujlish'' 'Gujarati + English', ''Kanglish'' 'Kannada + English', ''Manglish'' 'Malayalam + English', ''Marlish'' 'Marathi + English', ''Tamlish'' or ''Tanglish'' 'Tamil + English' and ''Urdish'' 'Urdu + English'. These terms are found in texts on regional variations of Indian English, usually in complaint-tradition discussions of failing standards of language purity.}}</ref><br />
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=== Beyond South Asia ===<br />
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While the term ''Hinglish'' is based on the prefix of ''Hindi'', it does not refer exclusively to [[Modern Standard Hindi]], but is used in the [[Indian subcontinent]] with other [[Indo-Aryan languages]] as well, and also by "[[British South Asian]] families to enliven standard English".<ref name="BBC" /><ref name="toi">{{cite news | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/citizen-journalists/citizen-journalists-reports/nishath-rahman/Hinglish-is-the-new-NRI-and-global-language/articleshow/46094811.cms | title=Hinglish is the new NRI and global language | newspaper=The Times of India | date=2 February 2015 | access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref><br />
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==Example==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Comparison of different modern [[Kauravi dialect|Khadiboli]] registers using the same sentence<br />
|-<br />
! Language<br />
! Sentence (in roman script)<br />
! Remarks<br />
|-<br />
| English<br />
| The clouds of our country shower blessings on this land.<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| [[Hindi|Modern Standard Hindi]]<br />
| ''Hamaare rashtra ke megh is bhumi par vardaan varshaate hain.''<br />
([[Devanagari]]: हमारे राष्ट्र के मेघ इस भूमि पर वरदान वर्षाते हैं।)<br />
| Highly [[Sanskritisation|Sanskritised]] variety with [[tatsama]] loanwords, preferred for formal purposes by followers of [[Dharmic religions]].<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]<br />
| ''Hamaare des ke baadal is dharti par barkat barsaate hain.''<br />
| Colloquial variety with native [[tadbhava]] vocabulary, with moderate number of loanwords from [[Persian language|Persian]] and to a lesser extent from [[Arabic language|Arabic]].<br />
|-<br />
| Hinglish/[[Urdish]]<br />
| ''Hamaari '''country''' ke '''clouds''' is '''land''' par '''blessings''' '''shower''' karte hain.''<br />
| Heavy [[code-mixing]] with English words and phrases.<br />
|-<br />
| [[Urdu|Standard Urdu]]<br />
| ''Hamaare mulk ke abr is zameen par rehmat naazil karte hain.''<br />
([[Nastaliq]]: ہمارے ملک کے ابر اس زمین پر رحمت نازل کرتے ہیں۔)<br />
| Highly [[Arabization|Arabised]] and [[Persianization|Persianised]] variety, preferred for formal purposes by followers of [[Islam]].<br />
|}<br />
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==History and evolution==<br />
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=== Background ===<br />
Hindustani has an approximately [[History of Hindustani|ten-century history]]. In this period, it has accommodated several linguistic influences. Contact with [[Sanskrit]], [[Prakrit]], [[Pali]], [[Apabhraṃśa]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Arabic]] and [[Turkic languages]] has led to historical 'mixes' or fusions, e.g., [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]], [[Rekhta]]. Linguistic fusions were celebrated by Bhakti poets, in approximately the 15th-17th centuries as 'khichdi boli' – or amalgamated speech.{{sfn|Bhatia|2012|p=37}}<br />
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=== Colonial era ===<br />
{{See also|Hindustani etymology#English}}<br />
At the turn of the 18th century, with the rising dominion of the [[East India Company]], also called 'Company Raj' (literally, 'Company Rule'), the languages of India were brought into contact with the foreign element of English. In colonized India, English became a symbol of authority and a powerful hegemonic tool to propagate British culture, including Christianity.<ref>{{cite book |last= Mukherjee |first= Alok |date= 18 October 2009 |title= This Gift of English |publisher = Orient Blackswan Pvt. Ltd. |page = 175 |isbn = 978-8125036012}}</ref> The political ascendancy of the British extended into social and professional roles; this meant that the legal proceedings, as well as the studies in medicine and science, were conducted in English.<br />
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This led to an interest in the promotion of English into the society of Indian natives. Educated Indians, or 'brown sahibs', wished to participate in academia and pursue professional careers. Raja Rammohan Roy, a social and education reformer, advocated that English be taught to Indians by certain British gentlemen for the benefit and instruction of the native Indians.<ref>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IgEEptNmwEwC&dq=the+history+of+hinglish&pg=PA1 |title=The Alchemy of English: The Spread, Functions, and Models of Non-native Englishes. |publisher= The University of Illinois Press |page = 7 |author= Braj Kachru|isbn=9780252061721 |year=1986 }}</ref> Charles Grant, the president of the East India Company's board of control, championed the cause of English education as a 'cure for darkness' where 'darkness' was 'Hindoo ignorance'. The Charter Act was passed in 1813. This legalized missionary work by the company, including the introduction of English education.<ref>{{cite book |last= Mukherjee |first= Alok |date= 18 October 2009 |title= This Gift of English |publisher = Orient Blackswan Pvt. Ltd. |pages = 114–116 |isbn=978-8125036012}}</ref> By the beginning of the twentieth century, English had become the unifying language in the Indian struggle for independence against the British.<br />
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Meanwhile, English was on its way to becoming the first global lingua franca. By the end of the twentieth century, it had special status in seventy countries, including India.<ref>{{cite book |last= Crystal |first= David |date= 1 March 1997 |title= English as a Global Language |publisher = Cambridge University Press |pages = 1–2}}</ref> Worldwide, English began to represent modernization and internationalization, with more and more jobs requiring basic fluency in it.<ref>{{cite web |author=Power |first=Carla |author-link=Carla Power |date=3 March 2005 |title=Not the Queen's English |url=https://www.newsweek.com/not-queens-english-114797 |website=Newsweek |publisher=}}</ref> In India especially, the language came to acquire a social prestige, 'a class apart of education', which prompted native Indian or South Asian speakers to turn bilingual, speaking their mother tongue at home or in a local context, but English in academic or work environments.<ref>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IgEEptNmwEwC&dq=the+history+of+hinglish&pg=PA1 |title=The Alchemy of English: The Spread, Functions, and Models of Non-native Englishes. |publisher= The University of Illinois Press |page = 1|author= Braj Kachru|isbn=9780252061721 |year=1986 }}</ref><br />
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In the late 19th century, [[Bharatendu Harishchandra]], often considered the father of modern Hindi, wrote poems in Hinglish, combining languages and scripts.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Prachi |title=What today's Hindi supremacists could learn from a 'Hinglish' poem by 'the father of modern Hindi' |url=https://scroll.in/article/1032766/what-todays-hindi-supremacists-could-learn-from-a-hinglish-poem-by-the-father-of-modern-hindi |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=Scroll.in |date=14 September 2022 |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
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The contact of [[Languages of South Asia|'South Asian' languages]], which is a category that refers inclusively to Hindi and Indian languages, with English, led to the emergence of the linguistic phenomenon now known as Hinglish. Many common Indic words such as 'pyjamas', 'karma', 'guru' and 'yoga' were incorporated into English usage, and vice versa ('road', 'sweater', and 'plate'). This is in parallel with several other similar hybrids around the world, like [[Spanglish]] (Spanish + English) and [[Taglish]] (Tagalog + English). A fair share of the words borrowed into English from Indian languages were themselves borrowed from [[Persian language|Persian]] or [[Arabic]]. An example of this is the widely used [[English language|English]] word 'pyjamas' which originates from Persian ''paejamah'', literally "leg clothing," from ''pae'' "leg" (from PIE root *ped- "foot") + ''jamah'' "clothing, garment."<ref>{{Cite web |title=pajamas {{!}} Etymology, origin and meaning of pajamas by etymonline |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/pajamas |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=www.etymonline.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
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=== Contemporary era ===<br />
[[File:Kismet-1943-movie-poster.jpg|thumb|230x230px|A poster for the 1943 [[Bollywood]] film [[Kismet (1943 film)|Kismet]], which features the movie's name written in Roman, Devanagari, and Urdu scripts. (in [[Hunterian transliteration|Hunterian]]: qismat)]]<br />
In recent years, due to an increase in literacy and connectivity, the interchange of languages has reached new heights, especially due to increasing online immersion. English is the most widely used language on the internet, and this is a further impetus to the use of Hinglish online by native Hindi speakers, especially among the youth. Google's Gboard mobile keyboard app gives an option of Hinglish as a typing language where one can type a Hindi sentence in the Roman script and suggestions will be Hindi words but in the Roman script. In 2021, Google rolled out support for Romanized Hindi on its search engine and on the [[Google Pay (mobile app)|Google Pay]] app. Phrases such as "Naya Payment" for "New Payment" and "Transaction History Dekhein" for "See Transaction History" are used.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-04 |title=Google Pay Hinglish? Yes, it exists! Here's how to enable it on iPhones and Android devices |url=https://tech.hindustantimes.com/how-to/google-pay-hinglish-yes-it-exists-here-s-to-how-to-enable-it-on-iphones-and-android-devices-71654360794586.html |access-date=2022-08-23 |website=HT Tech |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 19, 2021 |title=Google users will soon be able to interact in Hinglish |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/google-users-will-soon-be-able-to-interact-in-hinglish/articleshow/87789776.cms |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-18 |title=Google for India 2021: Stepping up product focus to drive digital inclusion in India |url=https://blog.google/intl/en-in/company-news/outreach-initiatives/google-india-2021-stepping-product-focus-drive-digital-inclusion-india/ |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=Google |language=en-in}}</ref><br />
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While Hinglish has arisen from the presence of English in India, it is not merely Hindi and English spoken side by side, but a language type in itself, like all linguistic fusions.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhatia |first=Tej K. |date=March 1987 |title=English in advertising: multiple mixing and media |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-971X.1987.tb00175.x |journal=World Englishes |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=33–48 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-971X.1987.tb00175.x |issn=0883-2919|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Aside from the borrowing of vocabulary, there is the phenomenon of switching between languages, called [[code-switching]] and [[code-mixing]], direct translations, adapting certain words, and infusing the flavours of each language into each other.{{sfn|Bhatia|2012|p=39}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sailaja |first=P. |date=2011-10-01 |title=Hinglish: code-switching in Indian English |url=https://academic.oup.com/eltj/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/elt/ccr047 |journal=ELT Journal |language=en |volume=65 |issue=4 |pages=473–480 |doi=10.1093/elt/ccr047 |issn=0951-0893|url-access=subscription }}</ref><br />
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The Indian English variety, or simply Hinglish, is the Indian adaption of English in a very [[Endocentric and exocentric|endocentric]] manner, which is why it is popular among the youth. Like other dynamic language mixes, Hinglish is now thought to 'have a life of its own'.<ref>{{cite book |last= Agnihotri |first= Ramakant |date= 18 October 2009 |title= Indian English |publisher = Palgrave Macmillan |page = 212 |isbn = 9780230220393}}</ref><br />
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Hinglish used to be limited to informal contexts and ads, but it is now also used in university classrooms.<ref>{{Cite web |first=B. K. |last=Mishra |date=December 22, 2014 |title='Hinglish' rules the university classrooms |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/hinglish-rules-the-university-classrooms/articleshow/45608941.cms |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first=Ashutosh |last=Shukla |date=31 May 2018 |title=Has Hinglish arrived? MP allows it in exams |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/has-hinglish-arrived-mp-allows-it-in-exams/articleshow/64394351.cms |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><br />
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==Computational analysis==<br />
With its widespread use in social media such as blogs, Facebook and X (formerly Twitter), the analysis of Hinglish using computers has become important in a number of [[Natural Language Processing|natural language processing]] applications like [[Machine Translation|machine translation]] (MT) and speech-to-speech translation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Das |first1=Amitava |last2=Gambäck |first2=Björn |date=2015 |title=Code-Mixing in Social Media Text: The Last Language Identification Frontier? |url=https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/handle/11250/2391067 |journal=41-64 |issn=1965-0906}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bali |first1=Kalika |last2=Sharma |first2=Jatin |last3=Choudhury |first3=Monojit |last4=Vyas |first4=Yogarshi |date=October 2014 |title="I am borrowing ya mixing ?" An Analysis of English-Hindi Code Mixing in Facebook |url=https://aclanthology.org/W14-3914 |journal=Proceedings of the First Workshop on Computational Approaches to Code Switching |location=Doha, Qatar |publisher=Association for Computational Linguistics |pages=116–126 |doi=10.3115/v1/W14-3914|s2cid=15066638 |doi-access=free }}</ref><br />
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==Users==<br />
{{See also|Hindustani orthography}}<br />
Hinglish is more commonly heard in urban and semi-urban centers of [[North India|northern India]].<ref name=lingua>{{cite journal |last1=Thakur |first1= Saroj|last2=Dutta |first2=Kamlesh|last3=Thakur|first3=Aushima |year= 2007|title=Hinglish: Code switching, code mixing and indigenization in multilingual environment |journal=Lingua et Linguistica|volume=1 |issue= 2|pages=112–6 |publisher=Journal of Language and Linguistics|editor1-first=Graeme |editor1-last=Davis|editor2-first=Karl |editor2-last=Bernhardt|isbn= 978-1-84799-129-4}}</ref> It is also spoken to some extent as an easier-to-learn variant of Hindi by [[South Indians]] and members of the [[South Asian diaspora]] who are more comfortable with English.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shanker |first=Sadhna |title=Meanwhile: A mix of Hindi, English and 350 million speakers |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=11 January 2005 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/11/opinion/meanwhile-a-mix-of-hindi-english-and-350-million-speakers.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kothari |first1=Rita |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R4tmwFFhoAEC&pg=PA106 |title=Chutnefying English: The Phenomenon of Hinglish |last2=Snell |first2=Rupert |date=2011 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-341639-5 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ganesan Ram |first=Sharmila |date=7 May 2017 |title=Hinglish gets the most laughs, say Mumbai's standup comics |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/hinglish-gets-the-most-laughs-say-mumbais-standup-comics/articleshow/58555949.cms |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=[[The Times of India]] |language=en}}</ref> Research into the linguistic dynamics of India shows that while the use of English is on the rise, there are more people fluent in Hinglish than in pure English.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://theconversation.com/the-rise-and-rise-of-hinglish-in-india-53476|title=The rise and rise of Hinglish|work=The Conversation|date=11 February 2016|author=Vineeta Chand}}</ref> [[David Crystal]], a British linguist at the [[University of Wales]], projected in 2004 that at about 350 million, the world's Hinglish speakers may soon outnumber [[first language|native English speakers]].<ref name="CSM"/><br />
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In India, Romanised Hindi is the dominant form of expression online. In an analysis of [[YouTube]] comments, Palakodety et al., identified that 52% of comments were in Romanised Hindi, 46% in English, and 1% in [[Devanagari]] Hindi.<ref name="Palakodety"/> Romanised Hindi is also used by some newspapers such as ''[[The Times of India]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=MHAISKAR |first=RAHUL |title=Romanagari an Alternative for Modern Media Writings |date=2015 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26264736 |journal=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute |volume=75 |pages=195–202 |jstor=26264736 |issn=0045-9801}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-12-05 |title=Hindi-shindi: Humari national bhasha ko promote karne ki koi need nahi hai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/jugglebandhi/hindi-shindi |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=Times of India Blog |language=hi}}</ref> The first novel written in this format, ''All We Need Is Love'', was published in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Shivalika |last=Bhateja|title=Tricity gives birth to first novel in Hinglish |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/tricity-gives-birth-to-first-novel-in-hinglish/articleshow/46569733.cms |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=The Times of India |date=15 March 2015 |language=en}}</ref> Romanised Hindi has been supported by advertisers in part because it allows a message to be conveyed in a neutral script to both Hindi and Urdu speakers.<ref>Lunn, David J. ''[https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/15640/1/Lunn_3452.pdf Looking for common ground: aspects of cultural production in Hindi/Urdu], 1900-1947''. Diss. SOAS, University of London, 2012.</ref> Other reasons for adoption of Romanised Hindi are the prevalence of Roman-script digital keyboards and corresponding lack of Indic-script keyboards in most mobile phones.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillalamarri |first=Akhilesh |title=The Story of India's Many Scripts |url=https://thediplomat.com/2019/07/the-story-of-indias-many-scripts/ |access-date=2023-11-14 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
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Hinglish has become increasingly accepted at the governmental level in India as an alternative to [[Sanskritisation (language)|Sanskritised]] Hindi; in 2011, the Home Ministry gave permission to officials to use English words in their Hindi notes, so long as they are written in Devanagari script.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-10-14 |title=Hinglish is official |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/edit-page/hinglish-is-official/articleshow/10344316.cms |access-date=2023-11-14 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Narayanaswami |first=Plain Speaking {{!}} V. R. |date=2011-10-25 |title=Hinglish gains respectability |url=https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/NpMhhFGg7Qp9VFA8MoAQ1O/Hinglish-gains-respectability.html |access-date=2023-11-14 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=Government will now prefer 'hinglish' words over Hindi translation-India News|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/government-will-now-prefer-hinglish-words-over-hindi-translation-148557.html |access-date=2023-11-14 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
{{Portal|India|Languages}}<br />
{{col div|colwidth=25em}}<br />
* [[Creole language]]<br />
* ''[[Hobson-Jobson]]''<br />
* [[Translanguaging]]<br />
* [[Englishization]]{{colend}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Bhatia|first=Tej K.|editor-last1=Kothari|editor-first1=Rita|editor-first2=Rupert|editor-last2=Snell |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1132330043 |title=Chutnefying English: the Phenomenon of Hinglish |date=2012 |publisher=Penguin Global |chapter=The multilingual mind, optimization theory, and Hinglish|pages=37–52|isbn=978-81-8475-408-7 |oclc=1132330043}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{wiktionary|Hinglish}}<br />
* {{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6575473|title=Practicing 'The Queen's Hinglish' in Central England|publisher=NPR|date=4 December 2006|author=Rob Gifford, Baljinder Mahal}}<br />
<br />
{{Interlanguage varieties}}{{Languages of South Asia}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hinglish|*]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi]]<br />
[[Category:Central Indo-Aryan languages]]<br />
[[Category:Macaronic forms of English]]<br />
[[Category:Indian English]]<br />
[[Category:Languages of the Indian diaspora]]</div>BrianSop