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{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}

{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Hokishe Sema
| image = Hokishe Sema Official portrait 1985.jpg
| order = 3rd
| office = Chief Minister of Nagaland
| governor = [[K. V. Krishna Rao]]
| term_start = 29 October 1986
| term_end = 7 August 1988
| predecessor = [[S. C. Jamir]]
| successor = [[President's Rule]]
| governor1 = [[Braj Kumar Nehru]]<br>[[Lallan Prasad Singh]]
| term_start1 = 22 February 1969
| term_end1 = 26 February 1974
| predecessor1 = [[T. N. Angami]]
| successor1 = [[Vizol Angami]]
| order2 = 4th
| office2 = Governor of Himachal Pradesh
| 1blankname2 = Chief Minister
| 1namedata2 = [[Virbhadra Singh]]
| term_start2 = 13 April 1983
| term_end2 = 7 March 1986
| predecessor2 = A. K. Banerjee
| successor2 = [[Prabodh Dinkarrao Desai]] {{small|(Additional Charge)}}
| birth_date = 6 March 1921
| birth_place = Sütemi, [[Naga Hills District, British India|Naga Hills District]] [[Bengal Presidency]] {{small|''(Now in [[Zünheboto District]], [[Nagaland]], India)''}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2007|1|31|1921|3|6|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Dimapur]], [[Nagaland]], [[India]]
| party = Naga Nationalist Organization [[Indian National Congress]] {{small|(until 1994)}}<br>[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] {{small|(from 1999)}}
}}

'''Hokishe Sema''' (6 March 1921 – 31 January 2007) was an Indian politician. He was the third [[Chief Minister of Nagaland]]<ref name="Hokishe Reference1">{{cite news |title=Hokishe Sema, R.I.P. |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/hokishe-sema-rip/447667 |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=outlookindia}}</ref> and the [[List of Governors of Himachal Pradesh|fourth Governor of Himachal Pradesh]]. He was also a member of the drafting committee of [[Naga People's Convention]].

== Early life ==

Sema was born on 6 March 1921 in the Sütemi village in the erstwhile Naga Hills District (present-day Zünheboto District of Nagaland). He studied in Mokokchung Government School before proceeding to [[Serampore College]] and [[St. Anthony's College, Shillong|St Anthony's College]] in [[Shillong]].<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/north-east/proponent-of-peace-takes-his-last-bow/cid/736272|title=Proponent of peace takes his last bow|last=Chishi|first=H|date=1 January 2007|work=The Telegraph|access-date=5 February 2020}}</ref> He joined government service in the 1950s as a school inspector,<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /> later serving as an assistant commissioner of the then [[Naga Hills District, British India|Naga Hills district]] of undivided Assam.<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" />

== Political career ==
In the late 1950s, he became a member of the drafting committee of Naga People's Convention. A sixteen-point agreement signed with the [[Government of India]] on the basis of this Convention led to the formation of the separate state of [[Nagaland]] in 1960. Sema became a member of the interim body of the new state government in 1961.<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" />

In 1964, Sema was elected unchallenged to the first legislative assembly of the newly-formed Nagaland state from Akuluto constituency.<ref name=":0" /> He served as the cabinet minister in the state governments headed by [[P. Shilu Ao]] and [[T. N. Angami]].<ref name=":0" />

In 1967, Sema was one of the two politicians inducted to the Home Mission Board of the Nagaland Baptist Church Church Council when it was reconstituted.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=John |title=Evangelising the Nation: Religion and the formation of Naga political identity |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |location=New Delhi |isbn=9781138639928 |page=155}}</ref>

== Chief Minister of Nagaland ==

After the elections to the Second Legislative Assembly (1969-1974),the [[Naga Nationalist Organisation]] won 22 of the total 40 seats for which elections were conducted, 12 seats from Tuensang Area were nominated from the region. Eventually, the 12 nominated members as well eight Independent members lent supported the NNO on 12 February raising the strength of the NNO to 41. Thereby, Sema who was elected the leader of the NNO legislative party was sworn in as the third Chief Minister of Nagaland<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /> by the governor [[Braj Kumar Nehru]]. During his term, two no-confidence motions were moved against him. Both, however, were defeated.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Malhotra|first=G. C.|title=Cabinet Responsibility to Legislature: Motions of No-confidence in Lok Sabha and State Legislatures|publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat|year=1998|isbn=8120004000|location=New Delhi}}</ref>

He lost his seat to [[Rano M. Shaiza]] in 1977. In the 1980s he was the leader of the [[Congress (I)]]. In 1986 he became Chief Minister for brief period.<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" />

Sema's tenure as chief minister is remembered for the role he played in getting Naga underground members to surrender and their subsequent integration and redeployment<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/hokishe-sema-rip/447667|title=Hokishe Sema, R.I.P.|website=Outlook (India)|access-date=2020-02-11}}</ref> as a full battalion of the [[Border Security Force]]. From 1969 to 1974 and 1982–1987, his government provided [[Nagaland]] with a measure of political stability.<ref name="rediff">{{cite web|title=Hokishe Sema elected Nagaland BJP chief|url=http://www.rediff.com/election/2003/mar/03naga.htm|work=Rediff.com}}</ref>

== Later political career ==

He joined the Indian National Congress in late 70's, the first national party to set up a unit in Nagaland.<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /> He was elected to the [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]] six times during which time he also served as the Finance Minister of the state and as the president of the [[Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Chandrika|title=Naga Politics: A Critical Account|year=2004|publisher=Mittal Publications|location=New Delhi|pages=129, 131}}</ref>

From April 1983 to March 1986 he served as [[Governor of Himachal Pradesh]] and was later a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Governor of Himachal Pradesh Dr. Hokishe Sema passed away at Dimapur in Nagaland yesterday|url=http://hillpost.in/2007/02/01/former-governor-of-himachal-pradesh-dr-hokishe-semapassed-away-at-dimapur-in-nagaland-yesterday/1362/latest-news/awasthi|access-date=9 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113065624/http://hillpost.in/2007/02/01/former-governor-of-himachal-pradesh-dr-hokishe-semapassed-away-at-dimapur-in-nagaland-yesterday/1362/latest-news/awasthi|archive-date=13 November 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://164.100.47.5/newmembers/Website/Main.aspx Former Member Of Parliament]</ref>

In 1994, he left the [[Indian National Congress]] owing to differences with the chief minister, [[S C Jamir]] and formed the [[Nationalist Democratic Movement]].

== Association with the Bharatiya Janata Party ==
He joined the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in 1999<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /> and went on to become that party's national executive member.

In 2003 he was re-elected to the [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]] as the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate<ref name="Hokishe Reference2" /> from [[Dimapur-I (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dimapur-I constituency]].<ref>[[Election Commission of India]]: [http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/SE_Feb_2003/StatReport2003_NL.pdf Statistical Report on General Election, 2003 to the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050529125900/http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/SE_Feb_2003/StatReport2003_NL.pdf |date=29 May 2005 }}</ref> He became leader of the BJP's legislature party and chairman of the ruling [[Democratic Alliance of Nagaland]]<ref name="Hokishe Reference2">{{cite news |title=Hokishe Sema, R.I.P. |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/hokishe-sema-rip/447667 |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=outlookindia |date=1 February 2007}}</ref> with [[Neiphiu Rio]] as Chief Minister.

He authored ''The Emergence of Nagaland'' in 1986.<ref>{{cite book|title=Emergence of Nagaland: socio-economic and political transformation and the future|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8UVuAAAAMAAJ|last1=Sema|first1=Hokishe|year=1986|isbn = 9780706930313}}</ref>

== Death ==
Hokishe Sema died on 31 January 2007 of Cardiac arrest.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Nagaland Chief Minister Hokishe Sema dies|url=http://news.oneindia.in/2007/01/31/former-nagaland-chief-minister-hokishe-sema-dies-1170251102.html}}</ref> He was suffering from old age ailments and was admitted to hospital.<ref name="Hokishe Reference1" /> He was buried with state honours in his native village of Sutemi.<ref name=":1" /> He was survived by his late wife at that time,five sons and a daughter.<ref name="Hokishe Reference1" />

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Chief Ministers of Nagaland}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sema, Hokishe}}
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Nagaland]]
[[Category:Members of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Nagaland]]
[[Category:2007 deaths]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Nagaland]]
[[Category:Governors of Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Zunheboto district]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Nagaland]]
[[Category:St. Paul's Cathedral Mission College alumni]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 1964–1969]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 1969–1974]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 1982–1987]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 1987–1988]]
[[Category:1921 births]]

Hokishe Sema - Revision history

->The Anonymous Earthling at 06:22, 2 December 2021