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{{Short description|Historical armed forces of the Hyderabad State}}
{{Infobox national military
| country = chootiyan

| name = Hyderabad State Forces
| native_name = Sarf-e-khas
| image = [[File:Well-armed Lashkars of the Hyderabad army.jpg|300px]]
| caption = Well-armed [[Lascar|Lashkars]] of the Hyderabad army
| image2 =
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| founded = 1724
| current_form = Some assimilation into the Indian army{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
| disbanded = 1948
| branches =
| headquarters = [[Barkas, Hyderabad]]
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| commander-in-chief = [[Syed Ahmed El Edroos]] (1948)
| commander-in-chief_title = [[Major general]]
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The '''Hyderabad State Forces''' were the armed forces of the [[princely state]] of [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]]. People from both India and abroad were recruited into the Forces. Among these groups were Arab nationals like [[Chaush (India)|Chaush]] and African nationals like [[Siddi#Hyderabad|Siddi's]] who now stay in [[Barkas, Hyderabad|Barkas]] and [[A.C. Guards]] areas of present Hyderabad respectively.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DigPvwHTqJ4C&pg=PA210 | title=An African Indian Community in Hyderabad: Siddi Identity, Its Maintenance and Change| isbn=9783865372062| last1=Yimene| first1=Ababu Minda| year=2004}}</ref> The Hyderabad cavalry was chiefly composed of Muslim castes such as Mughals, Pathans, Syeds, Sheikhs and Balochs.
Afghan And Pathan's Are joined militry who are migrated from present day Afghanistan,pakistan and Kashmir.They were principally recruited from the [[Deccan plateau|Deccan]], but [[Old Delhi|Delhi]], [[Lucknow]], [[Shahjahanpur]], [[Sindh]] and [[Balochistan]] also supplied recruits to bolster ranks. These non-indigenous soldiers were called as "Rohollas". The Hindus made a very small portion of the cavalry.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_Sepoy_Mutiny_1857/VvgdAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=)+The+composition+of+the+7th+Irregular+Cavalry+as+on+May+1+,+1857+may+be+treated+as+indicating+the+usual+numerical+majority+of+the+Mussalmans+over+the&dq=)+https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_Sepoy_Mutiny_1857/VvgdAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=)+syuds+pathans&dq=)+syuds+pathans&printsec=frontcover |title= The Sepoy Mutiny, 1857: A Social Study and Analysis |author= Haraprasad Chattopadhyaya |date= 1957 }}</ref> The [[Nizam of Hyderabad]] also had about 1200 [[Sikh]] guards.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maharaja Ranjit Singh's |url=https://www.allaboutsikhs.com/harmandir-sahib/maharaja-ranjit-singhs-contributions-to-harimandir-sahib |access-date=25 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417180858/http://www.allaboutsikhs.com/harmandir-sahib/maharaja-ranjit-singhs-contributions-to-harimandir-sahib |archive-date=17 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Other battalions within the army were called line "Walas". Some troops were also supplied by Europeans for the security of Nizam.<ref name="telugu">{{cite book|last1=Rao|first1=P. Raghunatha|title=ఆధునిక ఆంధ్ర దేశ చరిత్ర (The History of Modern Andhra Pradesh)}}</ref>

==Commanding Divisions==
[[File:Mir Osman Ali Khan Asaf Jah VII leading a military parade at the Golconda Garrison.jpg|thumb|Mir Osman Ali Khan Asaf Jah VII leading a military parade at the Golconda Garrison, 1909]]
[[File:African Cavalry Guards of Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Procession of African Cavalry Guards of Hyderabad|300px]]
[[File:SIKH REGIMENT SOLDIER oppo phone.jpg|thumb|A [[Nihang]] (Sikh) bodyguard serving in the Nizam of Hyderabad's irregular army.]]
Actually It was Three different corps were commanded by three different independent commanders. The [[Nizam of Hyderabad|Nizam]], the Diwan, and an important officer in Nizam's government called Shangal Umara or "Amin Kabir" each one maintained their own separate divisions.<ref name="telugu"/>

During the time of Operation Polo, the Hyderabad State Forces consisted of six infantry battalions, two Cavalry regiments, and 1,500 armed irregulars. The army had two light armored regiments and one field battery.<ref name="khanna">{{cite book|last1=Khanna|first1=K K| title=Art of generalship |isbn=978-9382652922|page=161|date=7 March 2015}}</ref> In total, the Nizam's army numbered 24,000 men, of whom some 6,000 were fully trained and equipped. Some of the units surrendered on the first two days of the Operation. Four Hyderabadi infantry Companies and three Cavalry squadrons were later absorbed into the [[Maratha Light Infantry]], [[Madras Regiment]], [[Poona Horse]] and [[9th Deccan Horse|Deccan Horse]] of the Indian Army respectively.<ref name="Benichou2000">{{cite book|author=Lucien D. Benichou|title=From Autocracy to Integration: Political Developments in Hyderabad State, 1938–1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Loiq3YrFy40C|date=1 January 2000|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-1847-6}}</ref>

==History==
===British Rule===
In 1767-1768, [[Nizam Ali Khan, Asaf Jah II|Nizam ʿĀlī]] accepted British Suzerainty on Hyderabad state through the [[Treaty of Masulipatam]]. From 1778 onwards, a British [[Resident (title)#Residents in Asia|resident]] and subsidiary force were installed in his dominions.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hyderabad|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hyderabad-historical-state-India|website=Britannica|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=7 October 2016}}</ref> His state surrounded by areas controlled by the British, [[Nizam Ali Khan|Nizam ʿĀlī Khan, Asaf Jah 2]] was pushed to enter into an agreement that placed his country under British protection in 1798.{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}}

Nizam ʿĀlī Khan and his soldiers were fought for the British in the [[Second Maratha War|Second]] (1803–05) and [[Second Maratha War|Third]] (1817–19) Maratha Wars, and Nizam [[Nasir-ud-Daulah|Nāṣir al-Dawlah]] and [[Hyderabad Contingent|Hyderabad's military contingent]] remained loyal to the British during the [[Sepoy Mutiny]] (1857–58).{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}}

===Operation Polo===
{{main|Annexation of Hyderabad}}
In September 1948, the [[Indian Army]] invaded [[Hyderabad State]]. The battle between the Nizam's army and the Indian army had lasted for five days, and had led to an Indian victory. On Day 5 of this operation - 17 September 1948, the [[Mir Osman Ali Khan|7th Nizam]] announced a ceasefire which ended the armed action. As a result of this, Hyderabad was integrated into the Indian union<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24159594|title=Hyderabad 1948: India's hidden massacre|work=BBC News|date=24 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=27,000 Massacred, in the name of 'Liberation': Hyderabad 1948 |date=17 September 2015 |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/integration-of-hyderabad-1948-indias-long-suppressed-massacre |ref=bbc.com}}</ref><ref name="Ramachandran">{{cite book|last1=Ramachandran|first1=D.P|title=Empire's First Soldiers|publisher=Lancer|pages=178–179}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Annexation of Hyderabad]]
* [[Imperial Service Troops]]
* [[15th (Imperial Service) Cavalry Brigade]]

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-sw2F-UhSM&ab_channel=Abby Soldiers of NIZAMS of HYDERABAD STATE]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

[[Category:Hyderabad State Forces|*]]
[[Category:History of Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of the princely states of India]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1724]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1948]]

Hyderabad State Forces - Revision history

Bot at 18:20, 21 October 2022