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{{Short description|Multilinear filmmaking style}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2015}}

'''Hyperlink cinema''' is a style of filmmaking characterized by complex or multilinear narrative structures with multiple characters under one unifying theme.<ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience">[https://movieweb.com/movies-where-several-stories-interconnect/ 10 Movies Where Several Stories Interconnect - MovieWeb]</ref> In spite of the name, these films are not actual [[hypermedia]] and do not have actual [[hyperlink]]s, but are multilinear in a more metaphorical sense.

==History==
The term was coined by author [[Alissa Quart]], who used the term in her review of the film ''[[Happy Endings (film)|Happy Endings]]'' (2005) for the film journal ''[[Film Comment]]'' in 2005.<ref name=quart>{{cite journal
|last=Quart
|first=Alissa
|author-link=Alissa Quart
|title=Networked
|journal=[[Film Comment]]
|volume=41
|issue=4
|pages=48–5
|date=Jul–Aug 2005
|url=http://alissaquart.com/networked_don_roos_and_happy_e/
|access-date=January 28, 2014
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203214153/http://alissaquart.com/networked_don_roos_and_happy_e/
|archive-date=February 3, 2014
|df=mdy-all
}}</ref> Film critic [[Roger Ebert]] popularized the term when reviewing the film ''[[Syriana]]'' in 2005.<ref name="ebert-syriana">{{cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=December 9, 2005 |title=Syriana |work=Reviews |publisher=rogerebert.com |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/syriana-2005 |access-date=July 25, 2007}}</ref>

In describing ''Happy Endings'', Quart considers captions acting as [[footnote]]s and [[Split screen (film)|split screen]] as elements of hyperlink cinema and notes the influence of the World Wide Web and [[Human multitasking|multitasking]].<ref name="quart"/> Playing with time and characters' personal history, [[plot twist]]s, interwoven storylines between multiple characters, jumping between the beginning and end ([[Flashback (narrative)|flashback]] and [[flashforward]]) are also elements.<ref name="quart"/> Ebert further described hyperlink cinema as films where the characters or action reside in separate stories, but a connection or influence between those disparate stories is slowly revealed to the audience; illustrated in Mexican director [[Alejandro González Iñárritu|Alejandro González Iñárritu's]] films ''[[Amores perros]]'' (2000), ''[[21 Grams]]'' (2003), and ''[[Babel (film)|Babel]]'' (2006).<ref name="ebert-syriana"/><ref name="ebert-babel"/>

Quart suggests that director [[Robert Altman]] created the structure for the genre and demonstrated its usefulness for combining interlocking stories in his films ''[[Nashville (film)|Nashville]]'' (1975) and ''[[Short Cuts]]'' (1993).<ref name="MovieYearbook2007">[[Roger Ebert|Ebert, Roger]] (2006). ''Roger Ebert's Movie Yearbook 2007''. Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 100. {{ISBN|0-7407-6157-9}}</ref> However, his work was predated by several films, including [[Satyajit Ray]]'s ''[[Kanchenjungha (film)|Kanchenjunga]]'' (1962),<ref name="amc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.amc.com/movie/1962/Kanchenjungha|title=Kanchenjungha |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211105908/http://www.amc.com/movie/1962/Kanchenjungha |archive-date=2015-12-11|work=[[AMC (TV channel)|AMC]]}}</ref> [[Federico Fellini]]'s ''[[Amarcord]]'' (1973),<ref name="tasteofcinema.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2015/20-great-examples-of-hyperlink-cinema-every-film-buff-must-watch/|title=20 Great Examples of Hyperlink Cinema Every Film Buff Must Watch |website=Taste of Cinema |date=September 4, 2015}}</ref> and [[Ritwik Ghatak]]'s ''[[Titash Ekti Nadir Naam]]'' (1973),<ref name=Ghatak>{{Cite book |last1=Ghatak |first1=Ritwik |year=2000 |title=Rows and Rows of Fences: Ritwik Ghatak on Cinema |publisher=Ritwik Memorial & Trust Seagull Books |isbn=81-7046-178-2 |pages=ix & 134–36}}</ref> all of which use a narrative structure based on multiple characters.

Quart also mentions the television series ''[[24 (TV series)|24]]'' and discusses [[Alan Rudolph]]'s film ''[[Welcome to L.A.]]'' (1976) as an early prototype.<ref name="quart"/> ''[[Crash (2004 film)|Crash]]'' (2004) is an example of the genre,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Willmore |first=Alison |date=February 23, 2009 |title="Crossing Over" and Hyperlink Cinema |url=https://www.ifc.com/2009/02/crossing-over-and-hyperlink-ci |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410023913/https://www.ifc.com/2009/02/crossing-over-and-hyperlink-ci |archive-date=April 10, 2017 |url-status=dead |access-date=July 12, 2022 |website=[[IFC (American TV channel)|IFC]]}}</ref> as are [[Steven Soderbergh]]'s ''[[Traffic (2000 film)|Traffic]]'' (2000), [[Fernando Meirelles]]'s ''[[City of God (2002 film)|City of God]]'' (2002), [[Stephen Gaghan]]'s ''[[Syriana]]'' (2005) and [[Rodrigo García (director)|Rodrigo Garcia]]'s ''[[Nine Lives (2005 film)|Nine Lives]]'' (2005).

The style is also used in video games. French video game company [[Quantic Dream]] has produced games, such as ''[[Heavy Rain]]'' and ''[[Detroit: Become Human]]'', with hyperlink cinema style storytelling, and the style has also influenced role-playing games such as ''[[Suikoden III]]'' (2001) and ''[[Octopath Traveler]]'' (2018).{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

==Analysis==
The hyperlink cinema narrative and story structure can be compared to social science's [[spatial analysis]]. As described by Edward Soja and [[Costis Hadjimichalis]] spatial analysis examines the "'horizontal experience' of human life, the spatial dimension of individual behavior and social relations, as opposed to the 'vertical experience' of history, tradition, and biography."<ref name="Soja-p59-67">{{cite journal |last1=Soja |first1=Edward W. |last2=Hadjimichalis |first2=Costis |year=1979 |title=Between Geographical Materialism and Spatial Fetishism: Some Observations on the Development of Marxist Spatial Analysis |journal=[[Antipode (journal)|Antipode]] |volume=17 |issue=2–3 |pages=59–67 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8330.1985.tb00334.x }}</ref> English critic [[John Berger]] notes for the novel that "it is scarcely any longer possible to tell a straight story sequentially unfolding in time" for "we are too aware of what is continually traversing the story line laterally."<ref name="Soja-p59-67"/>

An academic analysis of hyperlink cinema appeared in the journal ''[[Critical Studies in Media Communication]]'', and referred to the films as Global Network Films. Narine's study examines the films ''Traffic'' (2000), ''Amores perros'' (2000), ''21 Grams'' (2003), ''Beyond Borders'' (2003), ''Crash'' (2004; released 2005), ''Syriana'' (2005), ''Babel'' (2006) and others, citing network theorist [[Manuel Castells]] and philosophers [[Michel Foucault]] and [[Slavoj Žižek]]. The study suggests that the films are network narratives that map the [[network society]] and the new connections citizens experience in the age of [[globalization]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Narine |first=Neil |title=Global Trauma and the Cinematic Network Society |journal=[[Critical Studies in Media Communication]] |volume=27 |issue=3 |year=2010 |pages=209–234 |doi=10.1080/15295030903583556 |s2cid=143671583}}</ref>

[[Alberto Toscano]] and Jeff Kinkle have argued that one popular form of hyperlink cinema constitutes a contemporary form of [[it-narrative]], an 18th- and 19th-century genre of fiction written from the imagined perspective of objects as they move between owners and social environments.<ref name=toscano>{{cite book|first1=Alberto|last1=Toscano|author-link=Alberto Toscano|first2=Jeff|last2=Kinkle|title=Cartographies of the Absolute|publisher=[[Zero Books]]|year=2015|page=192}}</ref> In these films, they argue, "the narrative link is the characters' relation to the film's product of choice, whether it be guns, cocaine, oil, or Nile perch."<ref name=toscano/>

== Notable examples ==


=== Films ===
{{main category|Hyperlink films}}

{{Div col|colwidth=18em}}
*''[[Grand Hotel (1932 film)|Grand Hotel]]'' (1932)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickchart.com/genre/Hyperlink+Film |title=Hyperlink Film |website=[[Flickchart]]}}</ref>
*''[[Dinner at Eight (1933 film)|Dinner at Eight]]'' (1933)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickchart.com/Charts.aspx?genre=Hyperlink+Film&decade=1930 |title=The Best Hyperlink Films of the 1930s |website=Flickchart}}</ref>
*''[[The Rules of the Game]]'' (1939)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4vAp1JNyyQkC&dq=rules+of+the+game+hyperlink+film&pg=PT282 |last=Newman |first=Michael Z. |year=2011 |title=Indie: An American Film Culture |publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231513524 |via=Google Books}}</ref>
*''[[Kanchenjungha (film)|Kanchenjunga]]'' (1962)<ref name="amc.com"/>
*''[[Is Paris Burning? (film)|Is Paris Burning?]]'' (1966)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickchart.com/Charts.aspx?genre=Hyperlink+Film&decade=1960 |title=The Best Hyperlink Films of the 1960s |website=Flickchart}}</ref>
*''[[Amarcord]]'' (1973)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Titash Ekti Nadir Naam]]'' (1973)<ref name=Ghatak/>
*''[[The Phantom of Liberty]]'' (1974)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Zavallılar|Zavallilar]]'' (1974)<ref name="Ozguc">{{cite book|last=Özguc |first= Agah |title=Bütün Filmleriyle Yilmaz Güney |language=tr}}</ref>
*''[[Nashville (film)|Nashville]]'' (1975)<ref name=ebert-syriana/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[Welcome to L.A.]]'' (1976)<ref name="quart"/>
*''[[Ganadevata (film)|Ganadevata]]'' (1978)<ref>{{cite web|title=Ganadevata |publisher=Upperstall.com |url=http://www.upperstall.com/films/1978/ganadevata |access-date=2014-04-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426201107/http://www.upperstall.com/films/1978/ganadevata |archive-date=26 April 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref>
* ''[[Yol (film)|Yol]]'' (1982)<ref name="Ozguc"/>
*''[[Hannah and Her Sisters]]'' (1986)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Do the Right Thing]]'' (1989)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickchart.com/Charts.aspx?genre=Hyperlink+Film&decade=1980 |title=The Best Hyperlink Films of the 1980s |website=Flickchart}}</ref>
*''[[Mystery Train (film)|Mystery Train]]'' (1989)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aperfectprescription.com/blog/its-a-sad-and-beautiful-world-music-from-the-films-of-jim-jarmusch |title=It's a Sad and Beautiful World: Music From the Films of Jim Jarmusch |website=A Perfect Prescription |date=March 15, 2016}}</ref>
*''[[Grand Canyon (1991 film)|Grand Canyon]]'' (1991)<ref name=flick90s>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickchart.com/Charts.aspx?genre=Hyperlink+Film&decade=1990 |title=The Best Hyperlink Films of the 1990s |website=Flickchart}}</ref>
*''[[Slacker (film)|Slacker]]'' (1991)<ref name=flick90s/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[Dazed and Confused (film)|Dazed and Confused]]'' (1993)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Short Cuts]]'' (1993)<ref name=ebert-syriana/>
*''[[Three Colours: Red]]'' (1993)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Padma Nadir Majhi]]'' (1993)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Before the Rain (1994 film)|Before the Rain]]'' (1994)<ref>{{cite web|last=Kipp |first=Jeremiah |date=August 12, 2008 |url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/before-the-rain/3718 |title=Before the Rain Film Review |website=[[Slant Magazine]] |access-date=March 3, 2010}}</ref>
*''[[Exotica (film)|Exotica]]'' (1994)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |date=March 11, 2009 |title=Exotica |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/exotica-1994}}</ref>
*''[[Pulp Fiction (film)|Pulp Fiction]]'' (1994)<ref name="PostmodernHollywood">{{cite book|last=Booker |first=M. Keith |year=2007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QluEtNUBblUC&pg=PA13 |title=Postmodern Hollywood: What's New in Film and why it Makes Us Feel So Strange |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group. |pages=12–21 |isbn=978-0-275-99900-1 |via=Google Books |access-date=October 18, 2008}}</ref><ref>[https://www.slashfilm.com/764836/how-quentin-tarantino-broke-the-mold-for-anthology-movies-with-pulp-fiction/ How Quentin Tarantino Broke The Mold For Anthology Movies With Pulp Fiction|/Film]</ref><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[Gummo]]'' (1997)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels]]'' (1998)<ref name="PostmodernHollywood"/>
*''[[The Opposite of Sex]]'' (1998)<ref name=quart/>
*''[[Happiness (1998 film)|Happiness]]'' (1998)<ref name=quart/>
*''[[Playing by Heart]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web|last=Holden |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Holden |date=January 22, 1999 |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/film/012299heart-film-review.html |title='Playing By Heart': In a Cocktail of Romance, Different Flavors of Love |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 3, 2010}}</ref>
*''[[Run Lola Run]]'' (1998)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Macfarlane |first1=Steve |title=Heavy Rotation: 'Run Lola Run' at 25 |url=https://mubi.com/en/notebook/posts/heavy-rotation-run-lola-run-at-25 |website=MUBI |access-date=31 August 2025 |date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
*''[[Go (1999 film)|Go]]'' (1999)<ref name="moviebabblereviews.com">{{Cite web |date=March 17, 2018 |title=Top 10 Greatest Films of 'Hyperlink Cinema' |url=https://moviebabblereviews.com/2018/03/17/top-10-greatest-films-of-hyperlink-cinema/ |website=moviebabble.com}}</ref>
*''[[Magnolia (film)|Magnolia]]'' (1999)<ref name=quart/><ref name="the-artifice.com">{{cite web|url=https://the-artifice.com/hyperlink-cinema-stories/ |title=Hyperlink Cinema and the Prevalence of Intertwining Stories |date=January 17, 2017 |website=[[The Artifice (magazine)|The Artifice]]}}</ref>
*''[[Code Unknown]]'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite web |title=CODE INCONNU |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/5141/year/2000.html |website=Festival de Cannes}}</ref>
*''[[Timecode (film)|Timecode]]'' (2000)<ref name=quart/>
*''[[Amores perros]]'' (2000)<ref name=ebert-babel/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[Snatch (film)|Snatch]]'' (2000)<ref name="PostmodernHollywood"/>
*''[[Traffic (2000 film)|Traffic]]'' (2000)<ref name=ebert-cape/>
*''[[Lantana (film)|Lantana]]'' (2001)<ref name="ebert-lantana">{{Cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |date=January 18, 2002 |title=Lantana |work=Reviews |publisher=rogerebert.com |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/lantana-2002 |access-date=February 14, 2009}}</ref>
*''[[Thirteen Conversations About One Thing]]'' (2001)<ref name="moviebabblereviews.com"/>
*''[[City of God (2002 film)|City of God]]'' (2002)<ref name=ebert-cape/><ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*''[[11:14]]'' (2003)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cochran, Dechlan |title=11:14, an obscure gem of a movie (review) |url=http://www.devon-cornwall-film.co.uk/2012/04/12/1114-an-obscure-gem-of-a-movie-review/ |website=D&CFilm|date=April 12, 2012}}</ref>
*''[[Elephant (2003 film)|Elephant]]'' (2003)<ref name=quart/>
*''[[Love Actually]]'' (2003)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barber |first=Nicholas |date=March 17, 2015 |title=Fragmentation games: the return of the portmanteau film |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/mar/17/portmanteau-films-wild-tales-pulp-fiction-short-cuts}}</ref><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[21 Grams]]'' (2003)<ref name=ebert-babel/>
*''[[Cape of Good Hope (film)|Cape of Good Hope]]'' (2004)<ref name="ebert-cape">{{Cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |date=January 6, 2006 |title=Cape of Good Hope |work=Reviews |publisher=rogerebert.com |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/cape-of-good-hope-2006 |access-date=February 8, 2008}}</ref>
*''[[Crash (2004 film)|Crash]]'' (2004)<ref name=quart/><ref name="the-artifice.com"/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[Happy Endings (film)|Happy Endings]]'' (2005)<ref name=quart/><ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*''[[Syriana]]'' (2005)<ref name=ebert-syriana/><ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*''[[Nine Lives (2005 film)|Nine Lives]]'' (2005)<ref name=ebert-syriana/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2019/the-15-best-glenn-close-movie-performances |date=March 8, 2019 |title=The 15 Best Glenn Close Movie Performances |website=Taste of Cinema}}</ref>
*''[[Sin City (film)|Sin City]]'' (2005)<ref>{{cite web|last=Page |first=Matt |date=June 20, 2005 |url=http://www.openheaven.org/news/243 |title=Film Review: ''Sin City'' |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725031520/http://www.openheaven.org/news/243 |archive-date=July 25, 2008 |website=Open Heaven Church |access-date=January 8, 2011}}</ref>
*''[[Inland Empire (film)|Inland Empire]]'' (2006)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jerslev |first=Anne |title=The post-perspectival: Screens and time in David Lynch's Inland Empire |journal=Journal of Aesthetics and Culture |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273009950 |date=March 2012}}</ref>
*''[[Look Both Ways (2005 film)|Look Both Ways]]'' (2006)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |title=Look Both Ways |work=Chicago Sun-Times |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/look-both-ways-2006 |date=April 27, 2006 |access-date=July 12, 2022}}</ref>
*''[[Babel (film)|Babel]]'' (2006)<ref name="ebert-babel">{{Cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=September 22, 2007 |title=Babel |work=Reviews |publisher=rogerebert.com |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/babel-2006 |access-date=February 8, 2008}}</ref><ref name="the-artifice.com"/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[The Edge of Heaven (film)|The Edge of Heaven]]'' (2007)<ref>{{cite web|last=Skinner |first=Marjorie |date=September 4, 2008 |url=http://www.portlandmercury.com/film/the_celestial_prophecy/Content?oid=886902 |access-date=September 5, 2008 |title=The Celestial Prophecy : Living on The Edge of Heaven |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081215075725/http://www.portlandmercury.com/film/the_celestial_prophecy/Content?oid=886902 |archive-date=December 15, 2008 |url-status=dead |website=[[Portland Mercury]]}}</ref>
*''[[Rendition (film)|Rendition]]'' (2007)<ref>{{cite web |last=Gandert |first=Sean |date=October 18, 2007 |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/action/article/5503/review/film/rendition |title=Rendition |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224064922/http://www.pastemagazine.com/action/article/5503/review/film/rendition |archive-date=February 24, 2008 |work=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]] |access-date=February 8, 2008}}</ref>
*''[[You, the Living]]'' (2007)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[The Air I Breathe]]'' (2008)<ref>{{cite news|last=Holden |first=Stephen |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/2008/01/25/movies/25brea.html |title=The Air I Breathe – Movie – Review |work=The New York Times |date=January 25, 2008 |access-date=May 13, 2008}}</ref>
*''[[Gomorra (film)|Gomorrah]]'' (2008)<ref name="tasteofcinema.com"/>
*''[[Vantage Point (film)|Vantage Point]]'' (2008)<ref>{{cite web|last=Chang |first=Justin |author-link=Justin Chang |date=February 21, 2008 |url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117936282?refcatid=31 |title=Vantage Point |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |access-date=January 3, 2011}}</ref>
*''[[Ajami (film)|Ajami]]'' (2009)<ref>{{cite web|last=Snider |first=Eric D. |date=February 16, 2010 |url=http://www.cinematical.com/2010/02/16/portland-film-fest-review-ajami/ |title=Portland Film Fest Review: Ajami |website=Cinematical |access-date=March 3, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218124337/http://www.cinematical.com/2010/02/16/portland-film-fest-review-ajami/ |archive-date=February 18, 2010}}</ref>
*''[[Powder Blue (film)|Powder Blue]]'' (2009)<ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson |first=Melissa |date=May 8, 2009 |url=https://variety.com/2009/film/reviews/powder-blue-1200507170/ |title=Powder Blue Review |website=Variety |access-date=July 21, 2010}}</ref>
*''[[Watchmen (2009 film)|Watchmen]]'' (2009)<ref>{{cite news|last=Hiscock |first=John |date=February 25, 2009 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/filmreviews/4804627/Watchmen-film-review.html |title=Watchmen: the 'unfilmable' on screen |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=January 8, 2011 |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Perkis |first=Ed |date=May 17, 2016 |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/dvds/Watchmen-Director-Cut-Blu-ray-4038.html |title=Watchmen Director's Cut Blu-ray Review |website=CinemaBlend |access-date=January 8, 2011}}</ref>
*''[[Hereafter (film)|Hereafter]]'' (2010)<ref>{{Cite news |title=REVIEW: Hereafter |work=Marshall and the Movies |url=http://marshallandthemovies.com/2010/11/04/hereafter/ |date=November 4, 2010}}</ref>
*''[[Answers to Nothing (film)|Answers to Nothing]]'' (2011)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Osenlund |first=R. Kurt |date=December 2, 2011 |title=Answers to Nothing |work=Slant Magazine |url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/answers-to-nothing/ |access-date=October 16, 2019}}</ref>
* '' [[Traffic (2011 film) | Traffic]]'' (2011) <ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/malayalam/article/57917.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621080807/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/malayalam/article/57917.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 June 2010|title='Traffic' to start this July|accessdate=18 June 2010|work=Indiaglitz}}</ref>
*''[[Contagion (2011 film)|Contagion]]'' (2011)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wickman |first=Forrest |date=September 9, 2011 |title=Steven Soderbergh's Contagion |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2303397/ |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref>
*''[[Cloud Atlas (film)|Cloud Atlas]]'' (2012)<ref>{{cite news|last=LaSalle |first=Mick |author-link=Mick LaSalle |date=October 25, 2012 |url=http://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/Cloud-Atlas-review-Baring-your-soul-3981566.php |title='Cloud Atlas' review: Baring your soul |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |access-date=June 8, 2013}}</ref><ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*''[[Disconnect (2012 film)|Disconnect]]'' (2012)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hachard |first=Thomas |date=April 7, 2013 |title=Disconnect |work=Slant Magazine |url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/disconnect |access-date=August 16, 2016}}</ref>
*''[[The Big Short (film)|The Big Short]]'' (2015)<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Kermode |first1=Mark |author-link=Mark Kermode |date=January 24, 2016 |title=The Big Short review – life with the Wall Street sharks |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jan/24/the-big-short-review-crash-riveting-steve-carell-christian-bale |work=The Guardian}}</ref>
*''[[Masaan]]'' (2015)<ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*''[[Dunkirk (2017 film)|Dunkirk]]'' (2017)<ref name="moviebabblereviews.com"/>
*''[[Everything Everywhere All at Once]]'' (2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/24/movies/everything-everywhere-all-at-once-review.html |title='Everything Everywhere All at Once' Review: It's Messy, and Glorious |website=NY Times |date=March 24, 2022}}</ref>
*''[[Bullet Train (film)|Bullet Train]]'' (2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://screenhub.blog/2022/08/11/bullet-train-spoiler-free-review-screenhub-review/|title='Bullet Train' Spoiler Free Review - ScrenHub Review - ScreenHub Entertainment|date=August 11, 2022 }}</ref>
*''[[Sila Nerangalil Sila Manidhargal (2022 film)|Sila Nerangalil Sila Manidhargal]]'' (2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/sila-nerangalil-sila-manidhargal/movie-review/89138704.cms|title='Sila Nerangalil Sila Manidhargal' Review:A heartwarming tale about regret, remorse and realisation |website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref>
*''[[Chow Chow Bath]]'' (2024)<ref>[https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/kannada/exclusive-kannadas-first-hyperlink-romcom-chow-chow-bath-completes-50-days-article Exclusive! Kannada's First Hyper-Link Rom-Com, Chow Chow Bath, Completes 50 Days - Times Now]</ref><ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kenja-chethan-kumar-on-his-kannada-film-chow-chow-bath-it-is-a-hyperlink-film/article67941865.ece Kenja Chethan Kumar on ‘Chow Chow Bath’: It is a hyperlink film - The Hindu]</ref>
*''[[Weapons]]'' (2025)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Slankard |first=Jacob |date=2025-08-13 |title=Zach Cregger's 'Weapons' Brilliantly Dodged This Clichéd Cinematic Trap |url=https://collider.com/weapons-narrative-structure-character-perspectives-rashomon/ |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=Collider |language=en}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

=== Video games ===

* ''[[Suikoden III]]'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Suikoden III in-depth review|url=https://www.ignboards.com/threads/suikoden-iii-in-depth-review.28745817/|access-date=December 28, 2020|website=IGN Boards|date=October 11, 2002 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*''[[Fahrenheit (2005 video game)|Indigo Prophecy]]'' (2005)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indigo Prophecy Review|url=https://www.gamespot.com/reviews/indigo-prophecy-review/1900-6134083/|date=September 21, 2005|access-date=December 28, 2020|website=[[GameSpot]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
*''[[Heavy Rain]]'' (2010)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Interview: David Cage of Quantic Dream and Heavy Rain|url=https://www.engadget.com/2009-05-27-interview-david-cage-of-quantic-dream-and-heavy-rain.html|date=May 27, 2009|access-date=November 4, 2020|website=Engadget|language=en}}</ref>
*''[[Resident Evil 6]]'' (2012)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Resident Evil 6 HD Remaster Review – Not Worth The Replay Value|url=https://gamingbolt.com/resident-evil-6-hd-remaster-review|date=April 4, 2016|access-date=January 26, 2021|website=gamingbolt.com}}</ref>
*''[[Until Dawn]]'' (2015)<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 31, 2015|title=Tips on how to save, or lose, all eight characters in Until Dawn|url=https://venturebeat.com/2015/08/31/tips-on-how-to-save-or-lose-all-eight-characters-in-until-dawn-massive-spoilers/|access-date=November 4, 2020|website=[[VentureBeat]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
*''[[Octopath Traveler]]'' (2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/octopath-traveler-forgettable-stories/ |title='Octopath Traveler' tells eight stories, and they're all forgettable |website=[[Digital Trends]] |date=July 18, 2018}}</ref>
*''[[Detroit: Become Human]]'' (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Detroit: Become Human Story and Ending Explained - Here's What Happened|url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/games/features/detroit-plot-story-ending-spoilers-ps4-detroit-become-human-1857515|date=May 28, 2018|access-date=October 31, 2020|website=[[NDTV|NDTV Gadgets 360]]|language=en}}</ref>

===Directors associated with hyperlink cinema===
*[[Paul Thomas Anderson]]<ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*[[Satyajit Ray]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ray|first=Satyajit|title=Prabandha Sangraha|publisher=Ananda Publishers|year=2015|isbn=978-93-5040-553-6|location=Kolkata|pages=120–121}}</ref>
*[[Alejandro González Iñárritu]]<ref name="the-artifice.com"/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*[[Quentin Tarantino]]<ref name="the-artifice.com"/><ref name="laweekly.com">{{cite web |title=20 Worst Hipster Movies of All Time |website=[[LA Weekly]] |date=July 17, 2014 |url=https://www.laweekly.com/20-worst-hipster-movies-of-all-time/}}</ref><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*[[Goutam Ghose]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Interview: Weight of the world|url=http://www.hindu.com/mag/2008/03/16/stories/2008031650130500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080319232223/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2008/03/16/stories/2008031650130500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 March 2008|date=16 March 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=8 March 2016}}</ref>
*[[Tarun Majumdar]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-12-29|title=Narrative of Tagore's songs used in Tarun Majumdar's Alo (2003)|url=https://learningandcreativity.com/silhouette/narrative-tagores-songs-used-tarun-majumdars-alo-2003/|access-date=2020-08-02|website=Silhouette Magazine}}</ref>
*[[Garry Marshall]]<ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*[[Robert Altman]]<ref name="ebert-syriana"/><ref name=flick90s/>
*[[The Wachowskis]]<ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*[[Tom Tykwer]]<ref name="the-artifice.com"/>
*[[Steven Soderbergh]]<ref name="laweekly.com"/>
*[[Richard Linklater]]<ref name=flick90s/><ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>
*[[Paul Haggis]]<ref name="eccentriccinematicexperience"/>

== See also ==
* [[Anthology film]]
* [[Composite film]]
* [[Ensemble cast]]
* [[Nonlinear (arts)]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.kottke.org/06/02/syriana Jason Kottke's explanation of the origin of the term]

{{Film genres}}

[[Category:Film genres]]
[[Category:Film styles]]
[[Category:Concepts in film theory]]
[[Category:History of film]]
[[Category:2000s neologisms]]
[[Category:2005 neologisms]]
[[Category:1930s in film]]
[[Category:1960s in film]]
[[Category:1970s in film]]
[[Category:1980s in film]]
[[Category:1990s in film]]
[[Category:2000s in film]]
[[Category:2010s in film]]
[[Category:2020s in film]]
[[Category:Postmodern art]]

Hyperlink cinema - Revision history

James at 07:52, 11 March 2026