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{{Short description|Pakistani diplomat}}
{{citation style|date=November 2018}} 
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar  ابراہیم اسماعیل چندریگر
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar.jpg
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| smallimage = 
| alt =
| caption =
| order = 6th
| office = Prime Minister of Pakistan
| term_start = 18 October 1957
| term_end = 16 December 1957
| alongside = 
| monarch =
| president = [[Iskander Mirza]]
| governor_general =
| primeminister =
| taoiseach =
| chancellor =
| governor =
| vicepresident =
| viceprimeminister =
| deputy =
| lieutenant =
| succeeding = 
| parliamentarygroup =
| constituency =
| majority =
| predecessor = [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy|Huseyn Suhrawardy]]
| successor = [[Feroz Khan Noon|Feroze Khan]]
| prior_term = 
| order2 = [[Law Minister of Pakistan|Minister of Law and Justice]]
| office2 =
| term_start2 = 12 August 1955
| term_end2 = 9 August 1957
| alongside2 = 
| monarch2 = 
| president2 = 
| governor_general2 = 
| primeminister2 = [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy|H. S. Suhrawardy]] {{small|(1956-57)}} [[Chaudhry Mohammad Ali|Muhammad Ali]] {{small|(1955-56)}}
| chancellor2 = 
| taoiseach2 = 
| governor2 = 
| vicepresident2 = 
| viceprimeminister2 = 
| deputy2 =
| lieutenant2 = 
| succeeding2 = 
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| parliamentarygroup2 = 
| constituency2 = 
| majority2 = 
| prior_term2 = 
| order3 = [[Leader of the Opposition (Pakistan)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| office3 =
| alongside3 = [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy|H. S. Suhrawardy]]
| term_start3 = 12 August 1955
| term_end3 = 23 March 1956
| predecessor3 = ''Office established''
| successor3 = [[Fatima Jinnah]] {{small|(Appointed in 1965)}}
| order5 = [[Governor of West Punjab]]
| office5 =
| term_start5 = 24 November 1951
| term_end5 = 2 May 1953
| 1blankname5 = {{nowrap|Chief Minister}}
| 1namedata5 = [[Mian Mumtaz Daultana|M. Daultana]]
| predecessor5 = [[Abdur Rab Nishtar]]
| successor5 = [[Mian Aminuddin|M. Aminuddin]]
| order6 = [[Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Governor of North-West Frontier Province]]
| office6 =
| 1blankname6 = {{nowrap|Chief Minister}}
| 1namedata6 = [[Abdul Qayyum Khan|A. Q. Khan]]
| term_start6 = 17 February 1950
| term_end6 = 23 November 1951
| predecessor6 = [[Sahibzada Mohammad Khurshid|Mohammad Khurshid]]
| successor6 = [[Khwaja Shahabuddin]]
| order7 = [[:Category:Ambassadors of Pakistan to Afghanistan|Pakistani Ambassador to Afghanistan]]
| office7 =
| term_start7 = 1 May 1948
| term_end7 = 17 February 1950
| primeminister7 = [[Liaquat Ali Khan]]
| order8 = [[Commerce Minister of Pakistan|Minister of Commerce and Trade]]
| office8 =
| term_start8 = 15 August 1947
| term_end8 = 1 May 1948
| primeminister8 = Liaquat Ali Khan
| order9 = [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Minister of Commerce and Industry]]
| office9 =
| term_start9 = 2 September 1946
| term_end9 = 15 August 1947
| president9 = {{List collapsed|[[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Louis Mountbatten]] {{small|(1947)}} [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Archibald Wavell]] {{small|(1946-47)}}
}}
| vicepresident9 = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| predecessor9 = ''Post created''
| successor9 = [[Syama Prasad Mukherjee]]
| order10 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]]
| office10 =
| term_start10 = 1937
| term_end10 = 1 September 1946
| governor10 = {{List collapsed|[[John Colville, 1st Baron Clydesmuir|Sir John Colville]] {{small|(1943–46)}} [[Roger Lumley, 11th Earl of Scarbrough|The Earl of Scarbrough]] {{small|(1937-43)}}
}}
| parliamentarygroup10 = [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League (Nationalist Group)]]
| constituency10 = [[List of Constituencies of the Lok Sabha in Maharashtra|Muhammadan Urban]]
| majority10 = [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]]
| order11 = [[President of Pakistan Muslim League]]
| office11 =
| term_start11 = 17 October 1957
| term_end11 = 11 December 1957
| predecessor11 = [[Chaudhry Mohammad Ali|Muhammad Ali]]
| successor11 = [[Nurul Amin]] {{small|(Took presidency in 1967)}}
| order12 = [[President (corporate title)|President]] of the [[Supreme Court Bar Association of Pakistan|Supreme Court Bar Association]]
| office12 =
| term_start12 = 1958
| term_end12 = 1960
| predecessor12 =
| successor12 = 
| pronunciation =
| birth_name = Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1897|09|15}}<ref name="Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan., 1961">{{cite book|title=Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan|date=1961|publisher=Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGtmAAAAMAAJ&q=i+i++chundrigar+born+1897|access-date=23 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Godhra]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] {{small|(Present-day [[Gujarat]], [[India]])}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1960|09|26|1897|09|15}}
| death_place = [[London]], [[England]]<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960">{{cite news |title=Chundrigar dies in London|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/565191|access-date=25 January 2018|work=Dawn|location=Pakistan|date=29 September 1960}}</ref>
| death_cause = [[Haemorrhage]]
| resting_place = [[Karachi]], [[Sindh]], [[Pakistan]]
| resting_place_coordinates =
| citizenship = [[British Raj|British India]] {{small|(1897–47)}} [[Pakistan]] {{small|(1947–60)}}
| nationality =
| party = [[Pakistan Muslim League|Muslim League]] {{small|(1936-1960)}}
| otherparty = 
| height = 
| spouse =
| partner = 
| relations =
| children = 2 sons, including [[Abdullah Chundrigar|Abdullah]]<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960" /> and [[Abu Bakr Chundrigar|Abu Bakr]],<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960" />
| parents = 
| mother = 
| father = 
| relatives =
| residence =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Mumbai|University of Bombay]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]] in [[Philosophy|Phil.]] and [[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]])}}
| occupation =
| profession = Lawyer, diplomat
| known_for =
| salary =
| net_worth = 
| cabinet =
| committees =
| portfolio =
| awards =
| blank1 =
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| data2 =
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| data4 =
| blank5 =
| data5 =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website = [http://storyofpakistan.com/ibrahim-ismail-chundrigar I. I. Chundrigar] [http://www.pmo.gov.pk/former_pms.php Official website]
| nickname =
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| footnotes =
}}

'''Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar'''<ref>His birth name is given as "Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar". There's a major road in the corporate downtown in Karachi bearing his namesake as [[I. I. Chundrigar Road|Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar Road]]. The Bombay University confirms his name written as Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar in their graduating listings.</ref> ({{lang-ur| ابراہیم اسماعیل چندریگر}}; 15 September 1897<ref name="Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan., 1961"/> – 26 September 1960), best known as '''I. I. Chundrigar''', was the sixth [[prime minister of Pakistan]], appointed in this capacity on 17 October 1957 until being removed due to a [[Motion of no confidence|vote of no confidence]] on 11 December 1957.

Trained in [[constitutional law]] at the [[University of Mumbai|University of Bombay]] and one of the [[Founding Fathers of Pakistan|Founding Fathers]] of the [[Dominion of Pakistan]], Chundrigar's tenure is the second shortest served in the [[Political history of Pakistan|parliamentary history]] of [[Pakistan]] just after that of [[Nurul Amin]] who served as prime minister for 13 days. Chundrigar served for just 55 days.<ref name="Rowman & Littlefield, Burki, 2015">{{cite book|last1=Burki|first1=Shahid Javed|author-link1=Shahid Javed Burki|title=Historical Dictionary of Pakistan|date=2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|location=New York, U.S.|page=136|isbn=9781442241480|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rk-sBwAAQBAJ&q=I+I+Chundrigar+shortest+prime+minister&pg=PA136|access-date=24 January 2018|language=en-us |chapter=§I.I. Chundrigar}}</ref><ref name="Deep & Deep, Grover & Arora, 1995">{{cite book|last1=Grover|first1=Verinder|last2=Arora|first2=Ranjana|title=Political System in Pakistan: Role of military dictatorship in Pakistan politics|date=1995|publisher=Deep & Deep|page=244|isbn=9788171007387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fRtAAAAMAAJ&q=Chundrigar|access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

==Biography==

===Early life and law practice===

Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar was born in [[Godhra]], [[Gujarat]] in [[British Indian Empire|India]] on 15 September 1897.{{rp|106}}<ref name="Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan., 1961" /><ref name="Contemporary Targett, Goradia, 2003">{{cite book|last1=Goradia|first1=Prafull|title=Muslim League's unfinished agenda |year=2003 |publisher=Contemporary Targett |location=New Delhi |page=53 |isbn=9788175253766 |quote=Jinnah Wanted All Non-Muslims To Migrate To India And All Muslims To Inhabit Pakistan. The Book Is The Story Of This Unfulfilled Dream. While Pakistan Particularly, The Western Wing Went About Ethnic Cleansing, India Failed To Encourage`Hijrat}}</ref> He was the only child of his [[Gujarati language|Gujarati-speaking]] [[Chundrigar]] family, a [[Indian Muslim|Muslim community]] in [[India]].<ref name="The Friday Times, A. Chundrigar, 2012">{{cite news|last1=Chundrigar|first1=Ayesha|title=The Chundrigar Diaries|url=http://www.thefridaytimes.com/beta3/tft/article.php?issue=20121123&page=26|access-date=24 January 2018|series=Ayesha Chundrigar's memoirs|issue=24/41|work=The Friday Times|date=29 November 2012|location=Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The Chundriger community is of Arabian descent.<ref>Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency, Gujarat Population: Musalmans and Parsis, Volume IX page 72 Government Central Press, Bombay</ref>

Chundrigar was initially schooled in [[Ahmedabad]] where he finished his [[Matriculation in Pakistan|matriculation]] and moved to [[Bombay]] for his higher studies. He attended the [[University of Mumbai|University of Bombay]] where he earned the [[Bachelors of Arts|BA degree]] in [[philosophy]], and later the [[Bachelors of Law|LLB degree]] in 1929.<ref name="University of Bombay Press, 1929">{{cite book|last1=Bombay|first1=University of|title=The Bombay University Calendar|date=1929|publisher=University of Bombay Press|location=Bombay, India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1k4mAQAAIAAJ&q=chundrigar |page=101 |access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)">{{cite web |title=Former Prime Minister of Pakistan: Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/ibrahim-ismail-chundrigar|website=storyofpakistan.com|publisher=Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust|access-date=24 January 2018|location=Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan|date=1 June 2003}}</ref><ref name="Institute of Pakistan Historical Research">{{cite book |last1=Saʻīd |first1=Aḥmad |author2=Institute of Pakistan Historical Research (Lahore, Pakistan) |year=1997 |title=Muslim India, 1857-1947: a biographical dictionary |publisher=Institute of Pakistan Historical Research |page=111 |oclc=246043260}}</ref> From 1929 till 1932, Chundrigar served as a lawyer for the [[Amdavad Municipal Corporation|Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Asia Who's Who|date=1957|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YkVEAAAAIAAJ&q=Chundrigar+ |page=90 |access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

From 1932 until 1937, Chundrigar practiced [[Civil law (common law)|civil law]], and moved to practice and read law at the [[Bombay High Court]] in 1937, where he established his reputation.<ref name="Institute of Pakistan Historical Research"/> During this time, he became acquainted with [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], sharing the similar ideology, work ethics, and political views.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rehman|first1=Atta-ur-|title=تحريک پاكستان كى تصويرى داستان|date=1998|publisher=دوست ايسوسايٹس،|location=Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan|page=321|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K11uAAAAMAAJ&q=Chundrigar+pakistan+movement|access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name="The Friday Times, A. Chundrigar, 2012" />

In 1935, Chundrigar was chosen by the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] to give a response to the [[Government of India Act 1935]] introduced by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]] in [[British Raj|India]]. Notably, concerning the role of the Governor-General as head of state, Chundrigar denied that the Governor-General enjoyed the powers supposedly granted by the Act.<ref name="Cambridge University Press, Newberg, 1935">{{cite book|last1=Newberg|first1=Paula R.|title=Judging the State: Courts and Constitutional Politics in Pakistan|date=2002|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK |page=50 |isbn=9780521894401|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PbSeGQO3xdsC&pg=PA50|access-date=24 January 2018|language=en|chapter=Constituting the State}}</ref>

From 1937 till 1946, Chundrigar practiced and read [[Indian law|law]], taking several cases on civil matters where he advocated for his clients at the Bombay High Court.<ref name="Pan-Asia Newspaper Alliance.1957">{{cite book|title=The Asia Who's who|date=1957|publisher=Pan-Asia Newspaper Alliance.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHNmAAAAMAAJ&q=mem.Bombay |page=90 |access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

===Legislative career in India and Pakistan Movement===

In 1936, Chundrigar joined the Muslim League. He was elected to the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]] in the [[1937 Indian provincial elections|1937 provincial elections]].<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)" /><ref name="The Friday Times, A. Chundrigar, 2012" /> He took over the Muslim League's provincial presidency based in [[Mumbai|Bombay]], and successfully retained his role as the [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|member of the legislative assembly (MLA)]] of the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly|Bombay Assembly]] for a [[List of constituencies of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Muhammadan Urban]] constituency until 1946.<ref name="Manohar, Sho, 1998">{{cite book|last1=Sho|first1=Kuwajima|title=Muslims, Nationalism, and the Partition: 1946 Provincial Elections in India|date=1998|publisher=Manohar|location=Mumbai, India |page=258 |isbn=9788173042119|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VnKNAAAAMAAJ&q=Chundrigar|access-date=29 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)" />

In 1946, he was named and appointed as [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Commerce Minister]] under the [[Interim Government of India|presidential administrations]] of [[Viceroys of India]], [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Archibald Wavell]] (1946) and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Louis Mountbatten]] (1946-47).<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)" /> Peter Lyon, a [[Reader (academic rank)|reader emeritus]] in international relations, describes Chundrigar as a "close supporter" of Mohammad Ali Jinnah in the [[Pakistan Movement]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lyon |first1=Peter |year=2008 |title=Conflict Between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vLwOck15eboC&pg=PA42 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=42 |isbn=978-1-57607-712-2}}</ref>

==Public service in Pakistan==

===Diplomacy and governorships===

After the [[partition of India]] by the [[Indian Independence Act 1947|act]] of the [[British Empire]] that [[Independence of Pakistan|established Pakistan]], Chundrigar endorsed [[Liaquat Ali Khan]]'s bid for the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Premiership]] and was retained as the [[Commerce Minister of Pakistan|Commerce Minister]] in the administration of [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] on 15 August 1947.<ref name="Routledge, Lentz, 2014">{{cite book|last1=Lentz|first1=Harris M.|title=Heads of States and Governments Since 1945|date=2014|publisher=Routledge |page=612 |isbn=9781134264902|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D6HKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA612|access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>[http://pakistan.gov.pk/Quaid/leader15.htm The Leader] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20090404180949/http://pakistan.gov.pk/Quaid/leader15.htm |date=4 April 2009}} at pakistan.gov.pk</ref>

On 1 May 1948, Chundrigar was relieved his [[Ministry of Commerce and Textile Industry|Commerce ministry]] and was appointed as the [[:Category:Ambassadors of Pakistan to Afghanistan|Pakistan Ambassador to Afghanistan]], presenting his credentials to [[King of Afghanistan|Afghan King]] [[Mohammed Zahir Shah|Zahir Shah]] in [[Kabul]].<ref name="Sang-e-Meel Publications, Pāshā, 1991">{{cite book|last1=Pāshā|first1=Aḥmad Shujāʻ|title=Pakistan: a political profile, 1947 to 1988|date=1991 |page=88 |publisher=[[Sang-e-Meel Publications]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v_1tAAAAMAAJ&q=i.i.+chundrigar+appointed+ambassador+1948|access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Quaid-i-Azam University Press">{{cite book|last1=Dani|first1=Ahmad Hasan|title=World Scholars on Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah|date=1979 |page=342 |publisher=Quaid-i-Azam University Press |language=en}}</ref> Although his appointment was favorably received in Afghanistan, Chundrigar was at odds with the [[Government of Afghanistan|Afghan government]] (supported by India as early as 1949) over [[Pashtunistan|the issue]] of Pakistan's [[North-West Frontier Province|north-west border]] with Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Yunas|first1=S. Fida|title=Afghanistan: The Peshawar Sardars' branch of Barakzais|year=2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qC1WAAAAYAAJ&q=I+I+Chundrigar+Afghanistan |pages=220–221 |access-date=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

Chundrigar's tenure as ambassador was short. He was recalled to Pakistan by the [[Foreign Office of Pakistan|Foreign Office]], which viewed his inability to understand the [[Pashtun culture]] as a possible factor in fracturing [[Afghan-Pakistan relations]].<ref name="Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affai">{{cite journal|title=Foreign Affairs Pakistan|journal=Foreign Affairs Pakistan|date=July 2008|volume=35|issue=7–9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aU0PsDV0Aa8C&q=lacked+knowledge|access-date=24 January 2018 |page=487 |publisher=Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref> In 1950, Chundrigar was appointed [[Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Governor]] of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]], which position he held until 1951.<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)" /> A [[Cabinet of Pakistan|Cabinet]] reshuffle in 1951 allowed him to be appointed as the [[Governor of Punjab, Pakistan|Governor of Punjab]] but he was removed amid differences developed in 1953 with [[Governor-General of Pakistan|Governor-General]] [[Malik Ghulam Muhammad|M.G. Muhammad]] when he enforced [[Martial law in Pakistan|martial law]] at the request of [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Khawaja Nazimuddin|K. Nazimuddin]] to control [[1953 Lahore riots|violent religious riots]] that occurred in Lahore, Pakistan.<ref name="Rowman & Littlefield, Burki, 2015" />

===Law ministry in coalition administration===

In 1955, Chundrigar was invited to join the [[Government of Pakistan|central government]] of a three-party coalition: the [[Awami League]], the [[Pakistan Muslim League|Muslim League]] and the [[Republican Party (Pakistan)|Republican Party]].<ref name="Rowman & Littlefield, Burki, 2015" /> He was appointed as [[Law Minister of Pakistan|Minister of Law and Justice]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Constituent Assembly (Legislature) of Pakistan Debates: Official Report|date=1956|publisher=Manager of Publications|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a3UzBPjJAbQC&q=I+I+chundrigar+ |page=19 |access-date=25 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> During this time, he also acted as a [[Leader of the Opposition (Pakistan)|Leader of the Opposition]], opposing the mainstream agenda presented by the [[Republican Party (Pakistan)|Republican Party]].<ref name="Mittal Publications, Akbar, 1997">{{cite book|last1=Akbar|first1=M. K.|title=Pakistan from Jinnah to Sharif|date=1997|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=9788170996743|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BcIniHQAHfUC&pg=PA149 |page=149 |access-date=25 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

At the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]], he established his reputation as more of a constitutional lawyer than a politician, and gained a lot of prominence in public for his arguments in favour of [[Parliament of Pakistan|parliamentarianism]] when he pleaded the case of [[Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan|"''Maulvi Tamizuddin vs. Federation of Pakistan''"]].<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)" />

==Prime Minister of Pakistan (1957)==

===Shortest tenure as Prime Minister===

After the resignation of [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy|Prime Minister Suhrawardy]] in 1956, Chundrigar was nominated as the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] and was supported by the Awami League, the [[Krishak Sramik Party]], the [[Jamaat-e-Islami|Nizem-i-Islam Party]], and the Republican Party.<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al, 2003 (II Becomes PM)">{{cite web |title=I. I. Chundrigar Becomes Prime Minister|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/i-i-chundrigar-becomes-prime-minister|website=storyofpakistan.com|publisher=Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust|access-date=25 January 2018|location=Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan|date=1 June 2003}}</ref> However, this coalition of mixed parties weakened Chundrigar's authority to run the [[Government of Pakistan|central government]], and divisions within the coalition would soon hamper his efforts to amend the [[Electoral College of Pakistan|Electoral College]].<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al., 2003 (Biography)" /> On 18 October 1957, Chundrigar became the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]], receiving his [[oath of office]] from [[Chief Justice of Pakistan|Chief Justice]] [[Muhammad Munir|M. Munir]].<ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al, 2003 (II Becomes PM)"/>

At the first session of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]], Chundrigar presented his plan to reform the [[Electoral College (Pakistan)|Electoral College]] which was met with great parliamentary opposition by even his Cabinet ministers from the Republican Party and the Awami League.<ref name="New Publishers, Zakaria, 1958">{{cite book|last1=Zakaria|first1=Nasim|title=Parliamentary Government in Pakistan|date=1958|publisher=New Publishers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Be4DAAAAMAAJ&q=Chundrigar+resigned+ |page=62 |access-date=25 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al, 2003 (II Becomes PM)"/>With the Republican Party leaders{{emdash}}party president [[Feroz Khan Noon|Feroz Khan]] and [[President of Pakistan]] [[Iskander Mirza]]{{emdash}}exploiting and manipulating the opponents of the [[Pakistan Muslim League|Muslim League]], a successful vote of no-confidence in the National Assembly led by the Republicans and the Awami Party effectively ended Chundrigar's term. He resigned on 11 December 1957.<ref name="New Publishers, Zakaria, 1958"/><ref name="Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust, et.al, 2003 (II Becomes PM)"/>

Chundrigar served the shortest term of any Prime Minister in Pakistan: 17 October 1957{{snd}}11 December 1957, 55 days into his term.<ref name="Deep & Deep, Grover & Arora, 1995"/><ref name="Rowman & Littlefield, Burki, 2015"/>

==Death and reputation==

In 1958, Chundrigar was appointed as president of the [[Supreme Court Bar Association of Pakistan|Supreme Court Bar Association]] which he remained until his death.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960" /> In 1960, Chundrigar traveled to [[Hamburg]] where he addressed the International Law Conference and suffered a [[haemorrhage]] while visiting in [[London]].<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960" /> For treatment, he was taken to the [[Royal Northern Hospital]] and suddenly died.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960" /> His body was brought back to [[Karachi]] in [[Pakistan]], where he was buried in a [[List of cemeteries in Karachi|local cemetery]].<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 1960" />

In his honour, the [[Government of Pakistan]] renamed [[I. I. Chundrigar Road|McLeod Road]] in [[Karachi]] after him.<ref name="The Friday Times, A. Chundrigar, 2012" />

==See also==

* [[Constitution of Pakistan|Constitutionalism in Pakistan]]
* [[Political history of Pakistan|Parliamentary history of Pakistan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.storyofpakistan.com/articletext.asp?artid=A063Profile: I. I. Chundrigar]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090402114442/http://therepublicofrumi.com/47.htm Chronicles Of Pakistan]

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Mohammad Ibrahim Khan Jhagra]] Acting}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]|years=1950–1951}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Khwaja Shahabuddin]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Abdur Rab Nishtar]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Governor of Punjab, Pakistan|Governor of Punjab]]|years=1951–1953}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mian Aminuddin]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before= [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]|years=1957}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Feroz Khan Noon]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{PakistaniPMs}}
{{Governors of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}}
{{Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)}}
{{Jinnah}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chundrigar, Ismail Ibrahim}}
[[Category:1897 births]]
[[Category:1960 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Panchmahal district]]
[[Category:Politicians from Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:All India Muslim League members]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Pakistan Movement]]
[[Category:Pakistani people of Gujarati descent]]
[[Category:Pakistani people of Arab descent]]
[[Category:People from Karachi]]
[[Category:First Pakistani Cabinet]]
[[Category:Pakistani diplomats]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Pakistan to Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Governors of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
[[Category:Pakistani lawyers]]
[[Category:Governors of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Pakistan to Turkey]]
[[Category:Pakistan Muslim League politicians]]
[[Category:Pakistani legal scholars]]
[[Category:Lawyers from Karachi]]
[[Category:Law Ministers of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Pakistani philosophers]]
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Pakistan]]
[[Category:University of Karachi people]]
[[Category:Members of the Pakistan Philosophical Congress]]
[[Category:Deaths from bleeding]]
[[Category:Scholars from Ahmedabad]]

I. I. Chundrigar - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 20:48, 13 August 2023